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| Scope: Xi Ci I Request type: Paragraph |
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《系辞上 - Xi Ci I》 | English translation: James Legge [?] | Library Resources |
| 8 | 系辞上: | 圣人有以见天下之赜，而拟诸其形容，象其物宜，是故谓之象。圣人有以见天下之动，而观其会通，以行其典礼。系辞焉，以断其吉凶，是故谓之爻。言天下之至赜，而不可恶也。言天下之至动，而不可乱也。拟之而后言，议之而后动，拟议以成其变化。“鸣鹤在阴，其子和之，我有好爵，吾与尔靡之。” |
| Xi Ci I: |
The sage was able to survey all the complex phenomena under the sky. He then considered in his mind how they could be figured, and (by means of the diagrams) represented their material forms and their character. Hence these (diagrams) are denominated Semblances (or emblematic figures, the Hsiang). A (later) sage was able to survey the motive influences working all under the sky. He contemplated them in. their common action and special nature, in order to bring out the standard and proper tendency of each. He then appended his explanation (to each line of the diagrams), to determine the good or evil indicated by it. Hence those (lines with their explanations) are denominated Imitations (the Yao). (The diagrams) speak of the most complex phenomena under the sky, and yet there is nothing in them that need awaken dislike; the explanations of the lines speak of the subtlest movements under the sky, and yet there is nothing in them to produce confusion. (A learner) will consider what is said (under the diagrams), and then speak; he will deliberate on what is said (in the explanations of the lines), and then move. By such consideration and deliberations he will be able to make all the changes which he undertakes successful. 'Here hid, retired, cries out the crane; Her young's responsive cry sounds there. Of spirits good I drain this cup; With thee a cup I'll freely share.' | |
| 子曰：“君子居其室，出其言，善则千里之外应之，况其迩者乎，居其室，出其言不善，则千里之外违之，况其迩者乎，言出乎身，加乎民，行发乎迩，见乎远。言行君子之枢机，枢机之发，荣辱之主也。言行，君子之所以动天地也，可不慎乎。” | ||
| The Master said: - 'The superior man occupies his apartment and sends forth his words. If they be good, they will be responded to at a distance of more than a thousand Li; - how much more will they be so in the nearer circle! He occupies his apartment and sends forth his words. If they be evil, they will awaken opposition at a distance of more than a thousand Li; - how much more will they do so in the nearer circle! Words issue from one's person, and proceed to affect the people. Actions proceed from what is near, and their effects are seen at a distance. Words and actions are the hinge and spring of the superior man. The movement of that hinge and spring determines glory or disgrace. His words and actions move heaven and earth; - may he be careless in regard to them?' | ||
| “同人，先号啕而后笑。”子曰：“君子之道，或出或处，或默或语，二人同心，其利断金。同心之言，其臭如兰。” | ||
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'(The representative of) the union of men first cries out and weeps, and afterwards laughs.' The Master said, on this, - 'The ways of good men (different seem). This in a public office toils; That in his home the time beguiles. One man his lips with silence seals; Another all his mind reveals. But when two men are one in heart, Not iron bolts keep them apart; The words they in their union use, Fragrance like orchid plants diffuse.' | ||
| “初六，藉用白茅，无咎。”子曰：“苟错诸地而可矣。藉之用茅，何咎之有？慎之至也。夫茅之为物薄，而用可重也。慎斯术也以往，其无所失矣。” | ||
| 'The first six, (divided), shows its subject placing mats of the white grass beneath what he sets on the ground.' The Master said: - 'To place the things on the ground might be considered sufficient; but when he places beneath them mats of the white grass, what occasion for blame can there be? Such a course shows the height of carefulness. The white grass is a trivial thing, but, through the use made of it, it may become important. He who goes forward using such careful art will not fall into any error.' | ||
| “劳谦君子，有终吉。”子曰：“劳而不伐，有功而不德，厚之至也，语以其功下人者也。德言盛，礼言恭，谦也者，致恭以存其位者也。” | ||
| 'A superior man toiling laboriously and yet humble! He will bring things to an end, and with good fortune.' The Master said on this: - 'He toils with success, but does not boast of it; he achieves merit, but takes no virtue to himself from it; - this is the height of generous goodness, and speaks of the man who with (great) merit yet places himself below others. He wishes his virtue to be more and more complete, and in his intercourse with others to be more and more respectful; - he who is so humble, carrying his respectfulness to the utmost, will be able to preserve himself in his position.' | ||
| “亢龙有悔”，子曰：“贵而无位，高而无民，贤人在下位而无辅，是以动而有悔也。” | ||
| 'The dragon (is seen) beyond his proper haunts; there will be occasion for repentance.' The Master said on this: - 'He is noble, but is not in his correct place; he is on high, but there are no people to acknowledge him; there is a man of virtue and ability below, but he will not assist him. Hence whatever movement he may make will give occasion for repentance.' | ||
| “不出户庭，无咎。”子曰：“乱之所生也，则言语以为阶。君不密，则失臣；臣不密，则失身；几事不密，则害成。是以君子慎密而不出也。” | ||
| 'He does not quit the courtyard before his door; - there will be no occasion for blame.' The Master said on this: - 'When disorder arises, it will be found that (ill-advised) speech was the steppingstone to it. If a ruler do not keep secret (his deliberations with his minister), he will lose that minister. If a minister do not keep secret (his deliberations with his ruler), he will lose his life. If (important) matters in the germ be not kept secret, that will be injurious to their accomplishment. Therefore the superior man is careful to maintain secrecy, and does not allow himself to speak.' | ||
| 子曰：“作易者其知盗乎？易曰：负且乘，致寇至。负也者，小人之事也。乘也者，君子之器也。小人而乘君子之器，盗思夺之矣！上慢下暴，盗思伐之矣！慢藏诲盗，冶容诲淫，易曰：“负且乘，致寇至，盗之招也。” | ||
| The Master said: - 'The makers of the Yi may be said to have known (the philosophy of) robbery. The Yi says, "He is a burden-bearer, and yet rides in a carriage, thereby exciting robbers to attack him." Burden-bearing is the business of a small man. A carriage is the vehicle of a gentleman. When a small man rides in the vehicle of a gentle man, robbers will think of taking it from him. (When one is) insolent to those above him, and oppressive to those below, robbers will wish to attack him. Careless laying up of things excites to robbery, (as a woman's) adorning of herself excites to lust. What the Yi says about the burden-bearer's riding in a carriage, and exciting robbers to attack him, (shows how) robbery is called out.' |
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