| Chinese Text Project | |
| Simplified Chinese version |
| 牲 U+7272 |  Seal script |  Jinwen |
| Radical: | 牛+ 5 strokes = 9 strokes total. |
|---|---|
| References: | Guangyun: p.187#3 Kangxi: p.700#03 Cihai: p.870r4c05 GSR: 812.e Hanyu: v3,p1807#07 |
| Composition: | Left: 牛, right: 生. |
| Mandarin: | shēng ㄕㄥ |
| Cantonese: | saang1 sang1 |
| Tang reconstruction: | shræng |
| Shuowen: | 《牛部》牲：牛完全。从牛生声。 |
| Guangyun: | 《广韵·下平声·庚·生》牲：牺牲。 |
| Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·牛部·五》牲：《唐韵》所庚切《集韵》《韵会》《正韵》师庚切，𠀤音生。《说文》牛全完。从牛，生声。《易·萃卦》用大牲吉。《书·微子》今殷民乃攘窃神祇之牺牷牲用。《传》色纯白曰牺，体完曰牷，牛羊豕曰牲，器实曰用。《疏》经传多言三牲，知牲是牛羊豕也。《周礼·天官·膳夫》膳用六牲。《注》马牛羊豕犬鸡也。又《庖人注》六畜，六牲也。始养之曰畜，将用之曰牲。《春秋·僖三十一年》四卜郊，不从，乃免牲。《左传》牛卜日曰牲。《注》旣得吉日，则牛改名曰牲。又叶仓经切。《班固·东都赋》荐三牺，效五牲。礼神祇，怀百灵。◎按周礼秋官典客云：上公牲三十有六。注云：牲当爲腥，声之误也。释文依注音星，盖周礼本当作腥，误作牲。郑注明言其误。正韵引此，另音星，非是。 考证：〔《班固·东都赋》荐三牺，效五牲。体神祇，怀百灵。〕谨照原文体改礼。 |
| Fanqie: | 所庚 (《广韵·下平声·庚·生》) |
| Unihan definition: | sacrificial animal; animal |
Example usage
| 《孟子·告子下》: | 葵丘之会诸侯，束牲、载书而不歃血。 |
| At the assembly of the princes in Kui Qiu, he bound the victim and placed the writing upon it, but did not slay it to smear their mouths with the blood. | |
| 《礼记·表记》: | 子曰：“牲牷礼乐齐盛，是以无害乎鬼神，无怨乎百姓。” |
| The Master said, 'With the victims perfect, the proper ceremonies and music, and the vessels of grain, (they sacrificed); and thus no injury was received from the Spiritual Powers, and the people had no occasion for dissatisfaction.' | |
| 《孝经·纪孝行》: | 三者不除，虽日用三牲之养，犹为不孝也。 |
| If those three things be not put away, though a son every day contribute beef, mutton, and pork to nourish his parents, he is not filial. | |
| 《墨子·尚同中》: | 其事鬼神也，酒醴粢盛不敢不蠲洁，牺牲不敢不腯肥，圭璧币帛不敢不中度量，春秋祭祀不敢失时几，听狱不敢不中，分财不敢不均，居处不敢怠慢。 |
| With purification and baths and clean wine and cakes they led the people to make sacrifice and libation to Heaven and the spirits. In such services to the spirits they dared not use wine and cakes that were unclean, sacrificial animals that were not fat, or jade and silk that did not satisfy the standard requirements. The proper time for the spring and autumn sacrifices they dared not miss. Judging lawsuits, they dared not be unjust. Distributing properties, they dared not be unfair. Even when at leisure they dared not be disrespectful. | |
| 《庄子·让王》: | 血牲而埋之 |
| And instructing him to bury the covenant with the blood of the victim after they had smeared the corners of their mouths with it. | |
| 《诗经·无羊》: | 三十维物、尔牲则具。 |
| In thirties are the creatures arranged according to their colour; For your victims there is abundant provision. | |
| 《尚书·微子》: | 今殷民乃攘窃神祇之牺牷牲用以容，将食无灾。 |
| The people of Yin will now steal even the pure and perfect victims devoted to the spirits of heaven and earth; and their conduct is connived at, and though they proceed to eat the victims, they suffer no punishment. | |
| 《荀子·王制》: | 序官：宰爵知宾客、祭祀、响食牺牲之牢数。 |
| 《说苑·辨物》: | 对曰：“使太宰以祝史率狸姓，奉牺牲粢盛玉帛往献焉，无有祈也。” |
| 《春秋繁露·王道》: | 追古贵信，结言而已，不到用牲盟而后成约。 |
| 《韩诗外传·卷三》: | 大夫曰：“请用牲。” |
| 《大戴礼记》: | 正五色之位，成五谷之名，序五牲之先后贵贱。 |
| 《白虎通德论·爵》: | 故夫尊于朝，妻荣于室，随夫之行，故《礼郊特牲》曰：“妇人无爵，坐以夫之齿。” |
| 《新书·道德说》: | 莫不慕福，弗能必得，而人心以为鬼神能与于利害，是故具牺牲俎豆粢盛，斋戒而祭鬼神，欲以佐成福，故曰祭祀鬼神，为此福者也。 |
| 《新序·杂事一》: | 曰：“子为我祝，牺牲不肥泽耶？” |
| 《孔子家语·问礼》: | 品其牺牲，设其豕腊，修其岁时，以敬祭祀，别其亲疏，序其昭穆，而后宗族会宴。 |
| 《论衡·感虚》: | 于是剪其发，丽其手，自以为牲，用祈福于上帝 |
| 《风俗通义·祀典》: | 是泰山不享季氏，而《易》美西邻之禴祭，盖重祀而不贵牲，而不求华也 |
| 《孔丛子·论书》: | 孔子曰：“牲币之物、‘五岳’视三公，而名山视子男。” |
| 《申鉴·俗嫌》: | 故精以底之，牺牲玉帛，以昭祈请，吉朔以通之。 |
| 《独断·卷上》: | 又三老，老谓久也、旧也、寿也，皆取首妻男女完具者，古者天子亲袒割牲，执酱而馈，三公设几，九卿正履，使者安车輭轮送迎而至其家，天子独拜于屏，其明旦三老诣阙谢，以其礼过厚故也。 |
| 《蔡中郎集·独断》: | 四时宗庙用牲十八太牢，皆有副倅。 |
| 《列子·周穆王》: | 推路寝以居之，引三牲以进之，选女乐以娱之。 |
| 《列仙传·子主》: | 王遣三牲立祠焉。 |
| 《管子·轻重己》: | 牺牲以彘，发号出令曰：“罚而勿赏，夺而勿予，罪狱诛而勿生，终岁之罪，毋有所赦，作衍牛马之实在野者王”，天子之秋计也。 |
| 《尉缭子·治本》: | 野物不为牺牲，杂学不为通儒。 |
| 《淮南子·齐俗训》: | 牺牛粹毛，宜于庙牲，其于以致雨，不若黑蜧。 |
| 《吕氏春秋·任数》: | 韩昭厘侯视所以祠庙之牲，其豕小，昭厘侯令官更之。 |
| 《史记·周本纪》: | 毛叔郑奉明水，卫康叔封布兹，召公奭赞采，师尚父牵牲。 |
| 《春秋左传》: | 彼则惧而协以谋我，故难间也，汉东之国，随为大，随张，必弃小国，小国离，楚之利也，少师侈，请羸师以张之，熊率且比曰，季梁在，何益，斗伯比曰，以为后图，少师得其君，王毁军而纳少师，少师归，请追楚师，随侯将许之，季梁止之曰，天方授楚，楚之羸，其诱我也，君何急焉，臣闻小之能敌大也，小道大淫，所谓道，忠于民而信于神也，上思利民，忠也，祝史正辞，信也，今民馁而君逞欲，祝史矫举以祭，臣不知其可也，公曰，吾牲牷肥腯，粢盛丰备，何则不信，对曰，夫民，神之主也，是以圣王先成民，而后致力于神，故奉牲以告曰，博硕肥腯，谓民力之普存也，谓其畜之硕大蕃滋也，谓其不疾瘯蠡也，谓其备腯咸有也，奉盛以告曰，洁粢丰盛，谓其三时不害，而民和年丰也，奉酒醴以告曰，嘉栗旨酒，谓其上下皆有嘉德，而无违心也，所谓馨香，无谗慝也，故务其三时，修其五教，亲其九族，以致其禋祀，于是乎民和而神降之福，故动则有成，今民各有心，而鬼神乏主，君虽独丰，其何福之有，君姑修政而亲兄弟之国，庶免于难，随侯惧而修政，楚不敢伐。 |
| 《逸周书·世俘解》: | 越五日，乙卯，武王乃以庶国祀馘于周庙，翼予冲子，断牛六，断羊二，庶国乃竟告于周庙，曰：古朕闻文考修商人典以斩纣，身告于天子稷，用小牲羊犬豕于百神，水土于誓社。 |
| 《国语·楚语下》: | 国于是乎蒸尝，家于是乎尝祀，百姓夫妇择其令辰，奉其牺牲，敬其粢盛，洁其粪除，慎其采服，禋其酒醴，帅其子姓，从其时享，虔其宗祝，道其顺辞，以昭祀其先祖，肃肃济济，如或临之。 |
| 《晏子春秋》: | 召会谴、梁丘据、晏子而问焉，曰：“寡人之病病矣，使史固与祝佗巡山川宗庙，牺牲圭璧，莫不备具，数其常多先君桓公，桓公一则寡人再。” |
| 《越绝书·吴内传》: | 益死之后，启岁善牺牲以祠之。 |
| 《列女传·明德马后》: | 今祭祀则受太官之牲，郡国既珍﹑司农黍稷，身则衣御府之馀缯，尚未足耶？ |
| 《春秋谷梁传》: | 卜免牲者，吉则免之，不吉则否。 |
| 《春秋公羊传》: | 养牲养二卜。 |
| 《汉书·王莽传上》: | 其改正朔，易服色，变牺牲，殊徽帜，异器制。 |
| 《前汉纪》: | 至夕牲日。 |
| 《东观汉记·隗嚣》: | 祝毕，有司穿坎于庭，割牲而盟。 |
| 《后汉书·天文中》: | 其四年正月，祀南郊，夕牲，中常侍张逵、蘧政、阳定、内者令石光、尚方令傅福等与中常侍曹腾、孟贲争权，白帝言腾、贲与商谋反，矫诏命收腾、贲，贲自解说，顺帝寤，解腾、贲缚。 |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
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