Chinese Text Project Dictionary

Daoism -> Zhuangzi -> Miscellaneous Chapters -> Kings who have wished to resign the Throne -> 11

孔子謂顏回曰：	Confucius said to Yan Hui,
「回來！	'Come here, Hui.
家貧居卑，	Your family is poor, and your position is low;
胡不仕乎？」	why should you not take office?'
顏回對曰：	Hui replied,
「不願仕。	'I have no wish to be in office.
回有郭外之田五十畝，	Outside the suburban district I possess fields to the extent of fifty acres,
足以給饘粥；	which are sufficient to supply me with congee;
郭內之田十畝，	and inside it I have ten acres,
足以為絲麻；	which are sufficient to supply me with silk and flax.
鼓琴足以自娛；	I find my pleasure in playing on my lute,
所學夫子之道者足以自樂也。	and your doctrines, Master, which I study, are sufficient for my enjoyment;
回不願仕。」	I do not wish to take office.'
孔子愀然變容曰：	Confucius looked sad, changed countenance, and said,
「善哉回之意！	"How good is the mind of Hui!
丘聞之：	I have heard
『知足者不以利自累也，	that he who is contented will not entangle himself with the pursuit of gain,
審自得者失之而不懼，	that he who is conscious of having gained (the truth) in himself is not afraid of losing other things,
行修於內者無位而不怍。』	and that he who cultivates the path of inward rectification is not ashamed though he may have no official position.
丘誦之久矣，	I have long been preaching this;
今於回而後見之，	but to-day I see it realised in Hui:
是丘之得也。」	this is what I have gained.'

Character	Composition	Variants	Reading	Meaning	Hanyu	Kangxi	Cihai
孔子	子+1 子+0	𡤿㜽𢀈𢀉𡐫𣕓只	kǒng zǐ ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄗˇ	先秦思想家，名丘，字仲尼。 Confucius, a pre-Qin philosopher.	v2,p1008#04 v2,p1006#06	p.277#09 p.277#01	p.396r6c02 p.395r1c01
謂	言+9	谓	wèi ㄨㄟˋ	To (when speaking to someone). / Say, speak. / Call, name. / Meaning, what is meant. / Discuss, comment on (a person). / How? / Same as 「為(21.3)」 wèi ㄨㄟˋ: Preposition: because of, due to.	v6,p3997#06	p.1173#12	p.1251r6c01
			wéi ㄨㄟˊ	Same as 「為(10)」 wéi ㄨㄟˊ: Count as, be considered as.
顏回	頁+9 囗+3	颜囬囘廻	yán huí ㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄟˊ	姓顏，名回，字子淵，孔子的學生。 Yan Hui, a student of Confucius.	v7,p4383#10 v1,p0712#02	p.1407#05 p.216#26	p.1479r3c04 p.300r2c02
曰	曰+0		yuē ㄩㄝ	(1) 說。 Say, speak.	v2,p1482#02	p.502#01	p.648r3c03
回	囗+3	囬囘廻	huí ㄏㄨㄟˊ	Rotate, move in a circle. / Turn around. / Return. / Change, alter. / Violate (a rule). / Evil, wicked. / Distrust and favouritism.	v1,p0712#02	p.216#26	p.300r2c02
來	人+6	來来徠耒	lái ㄌㄞˊ	Wheat. / Come, approach, draw near. / Return. / Incur, lead to. / Will, in the future. / Since, from some time until now. / Approximate number. / Particle: used when the object of a sentence is moved forward to emphasize the object. / Particle used to alter tempo. / Modal particle expressing suggestion or encouragement.	v1,p0141#08	p.101#16	p.102r1c01
			lài ㄌㄞˋ	See 勞來.
家	宀+7	傢宊𠖔𡩅𡧚	jiā jie gū ㄐㄧㄚㄐㄧㄝ· ㄍㄨ	house, home, residence; family	v2,p0930#15	p.286#17	p.420r1c02
貧	貝+4	𡧋贫	pín ㄆㄧㄣˊ	poor, impoverished, needy	v6,p3628#01	p.1205#10	p.1270r3c01
居	尸+5	㞐㝒	jū ㄐㄩ	Sit down. / Wait. / Live, dwell. / Dwelling, residence. / Tomb. / Rank, position occupied. / Person occupying the rank of ruler. / Live peacefully. / Usually, normally. / Located in. / Defend (a post), guard (a region). / Remain behind to handle matters. / Have, possess. / Employ, implement. / Stop, rest, remain. / Store, stockpile. / Raise, rear (livestock). / Used before times expressing time elapsed: after.	v2,p0968#04	p.300#30	p.448r1c02
			jǔ ㄐㄩˇ	Movement, action.
			jù ㄐㄩˋ	Arrogant. / Straight. / Saw.
			jī ㄐㄧ	Modal particle expressing exclamation or questioning.
卑	十+6	𤰞	bēi ㄅㄟ	humble, low, inferior; despise	v1,p0063#01	p.156#27	p.216r2c08
胡	肉+5	楜衚鬍	hú ㄏㄨˊ	(Of animals) Tissue drooping down under the chin. / Neck. / Part of a weapon which hangs down. / Longevity. / Far, large. / Bearded. / What, why. / Arbitrary, unjustified. / The state of Hu. / Outsiders, foreigners. / Type of sacrificial vessel.	v3,p2056#08	p.979#12	p.1093r2c01
不	一+3	不𠀚𠙐	bù ㄅㄨˋ	Not have. / To not be. / Negational adverb, used before verbs, adjectives, etc. to indicate negation. / Negational adverb expressing prohibition: do not. / Negational adverb expressing rhetorical question: is not...?	v1,p0011#06	p.76#15	p.30r1c01
			fǒu ㄈㄡˇ	Same as 「否(1.2)」 fǒu ㄈㄡˇ: Adverb used together with an affirmative word, expressing its negative or opposite. / Same as 「否(1.3)」 fǒu ㄈㄡˇ: Adverb used at the end of a question to form a yes-no question.
			fū ㄈㄨ	Sepal of a flower.
			pī ㄆㄧ	Same as 「丕(1)」 pī ㄆㄧ: Large.
			bǐ ㄅㄧˇ	Show disdain for.
仕	人+3		shì ㄕˋ	official; serve government	v1,p0112#03	p.92#07	p.85r2c02
乎	丿+4	虖	hū ㄏㄨ	(1.1) 語氣詞：表示疑問或反問，相當於「嗎」或「呢」。 Modal particle expressing questioning or a rhetorical question.	v1,p0036#08	p.82#07	p.47r3c03
對	寸+11	对	duì ㄉㄨㄟˋ	(1.1) 答，回答。 Reply, answer.	v1,p0511#09	p.296#07	p.536r3c02
願	頁+10	愿𩕾	yuàn ㄩㄢˋ	desire, want; wish; ambition	v7,p4385#07	p.1407#31	p.1480r6c02
有	月+2		yǒu ㄧㄡˇ	Have, possess. / Store, collect. / Occupy. / Hold on to, retain. / Have in abundance. / Good harvest. / Obtain. / Only. / Be, exist. / Occur, happen. / Make. / Particle used before a noun with no meaning. / Particle used before a monosyllabic adjective with no meaning. / Particle used before a verb with no meaning. / Still, yet. / Some people. / Region.	v3,p2041#05	p.504#20	p.656r5c01
			yòu ㄧㄡˋ	Help, assist. / Same as 「又(3)」 yòu ㄧㄡˋ: Moreover.
郭	邑+8	𨟍	guō guó ㄍㄨㄛㄍㄨㄛˊ	outer part (of a city); surname	v6,p3780#07	p.1273#13	p.1340r5c01
外	夕+2	𡖄舀	wài ㄨㄞˋ	out, outside, external; foreign	v2,p0860#01	p.246#02	p.336r4c02
之	丿+3	㞢	zhī ㄓ	Towards; go to. / Demonstrative pronoun: this, these. / Third person pronoun: him, her, it. / Auxiliary word: of. / Auxiliary word: used between subject and predicate, cancels independence of a clause. / Auxiliary word: used in a sentence for aesthetic purpose only, no meaning.	v1,p0043#01	p.82#04	p.47r2c02
田	田+0		tián ㄊㄧㄢˊ	field, arable land, cultivated	v4,p2524#01	p.756#11	p.909r3c02
五	二+2	伍𠄡㐅	wǔ ㄨˇ	five; surname	v1,p0011#03	p.86#11	p.64r3c01
十	十+0	拾拾	shí ㄕˊ	ten, tenth; complete; perfect	v1,p0058#09	p.155#17	p.207r5c02
畝	田+5	畮𤱑畆亩	mǔ ㄇㄨˇ	Chinese land measure; fields	v4,p2538#03	p.761#14	p.913r4c01
足	足+0	疋𤴕	zú jù ㄗㄨˊ ㄐㄩˋ	foot; attain, satisfy, enough	v6,p3686#01	p.1221#17	p.1287r6c03
以	人+3	㠯	yǐ ㄧˇ	Use. / Believe. / Command. / Lead. / Connect, implicate. / Have. / Cause, reason. / Preposition: because. / Preposition: from, in. / Preposition: at [some time]. / Preposition: using. / Preposition: in accordance with. / Preposition: relying upon. / Preposition: in the capacity of. / Preposition: with, together with. / Connective: indicates the following action is the objective of the preceding one. / Connective: used between adverbial clause and verb to express modification. / Connective: and. / Connective: but. / Connective: and so, thus. / Particle: used together with some words expressing direction and time. / Modal particle. / Same as 「已(1)」 yǐ ㄧˇ: Stop, discontinue. / Same as 「已(7.2)」 yǐ ㄧˇ: Adverb: already. / Same as 「已(7.3)」 yǐ ㄧˇ: Adverb: extremely.	v1,p0105#07	p.94#01	p.87r6c01
給	糸+6	给	gěi jǐ xiá ㄍㄟˇ ㄐㄧˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ	give; by, for	v5,p3394#11	p.923#06	p.1043r3c02
饘	食+13	飦	zhān ㄓㄢ	gruel	v7,p4476#14	p.1426#17	p.1495r1c01
粥	米+6	鬻	zhōu yù zhù ㄓㄡㄩˋ ㄓㄨˋ	rice gruel, congee	v2,p1000#04	p.908#36	p.1025r6c02
內	入+2	𡗠内	nèi nà ㄋㄟˋ ㄋㄚˋ	inside, interior; domestic	v1,p0097#02	p.125#35	p.141r5c02
為	火+5	爲为	wéi ㄨㄟˊ	Create, make. / Build, construct. / Do. / Plant, grow. / Govern. / Research, study. / Serve as. / Change into, become. / As, in the role of. / Count as, be considered as. / Called, named. / Expresses judgement: is. / Make, cause (to). / Have. / Take part in. / Write, author. / Connective: if. / Particle used in the middle of a sentence to move forward the object. / Modal particle used at the end of a sentence to express a rhetorical question.	v3,p2198#11	p.669#10	p.844r4c03
			wèi ㄨㄟˋ	Help, assist. / Preposition: for, on behalf of. / Preposition: by (passive). / Preposition: because of, due to. / Preposition: with, together with. / Connective: because. / Say. / False, fake.
絲	糸+6	纟丝	sī ㄙ	silk; fine thread; wire; strings	v5,p3401#01	p.924#03	p.1044r2c01
麻	麻+0	菻蔴	má mā ㄇㄚˊ ㄇㄚ	hemp, jute, flax; sesame	v7,p4723#01	p.1515#01
鼓	鼓+0	皼𩉲皷鼔	gǔ ㄍㄨˇ	drum; beat, top, strike	v7,p4763#01	p.1526#01	p.1566r4c01
琴	玉+8	𨪖𨫹𤫍珡𩰔	qín ㄑㄧㄣˊ	Wooden stringed musical instrument, originally with five strings, later seven. / To plant, grow (ancient dialect). / Burial mound (ancient dialect).	v2,p1119#07	p.735#11	p.897r1c05
自	自+0	𦣹鼻	zì ㄗˋ	Oneself. / Begin, beginning. / From. / Originally. / Natural, naturally. / Supposing, if. / Even, even if.	v5,p3046#01	p.1000#07	p.1108r3c01
娛	女+7	娱	yú ㄩˊ	pleasure, enjoyment, amusement	v2,p1051#08	p.262#19	p.386r5c02
所	戶+4	𢨷	suǒ ㄙㄨㄛˇ	Place. / Location. / A suitable place or location. / Measure word, used for counting buldings. / Used before a verb, creates a noun-like phrase. / If. Mainly used in oaths and curses. / Used together with 為 to indicate the passive tense. / Indicates an approximate number. / Number, number of times. / Meaning.	v3,p2259#01	p.415#16	p.556r1c01
學	子+13	𢻯斈学	xué ㄒㄩㄝˊ	Study, learn. / Doctrine, teaching. / School of thought. / School, place of learning. / Account, state.	v2,p1019#11	p.280#28	p.403r3c05
			xiào ㄒㄧㄠˋ	Instruct, teach.
夫	大+1		fū ㄈㄨ	General term for adult men. / Adult labourers in particular. / Soldier. / Respectful term for a man. / Husband. / Unit of area equal to one hundred mu.	v1,p0521#01	p.248#11	p.367r2c01
			fú ㄈㄨˊ	Demonstrative pronoun: this, these. / Modal particle used at the start of a sentence for emphasis or to indicate an assertion. / Modal particle used in the middle of a sentence to soften the tone. / Modal particle used at the end of a sentence to express exclamation.
子	子+0	㜽𢀈𢀉𡐫𣕓只	zǐ ㄗˇ	Child, heir. Refers to both sons and daughters. / Love, charity. / Respectful term for a man. / People in general. / Fourth of the five levels of nobility. / First of the twelve earthly branches of the zodiac.	v2,p1006#06	p.277#01	p.395r1c01
道	辵+9	𨕥衟𡬹	dào ㄉㄠˋ	Road, path. / Journey. / Method. / Law, reason. / Doctrine, claim. / Skill, technique. / Principle, right way. / The Dao, the origin of all things in Daoism. / Speak, talk. / Take a course of action. / Take a course of action. / Rites paid to the spirit of roads. / Ancient administrative unit. / Daoism.	v6,p3864#01	p.1262#06	p.1326r3c02
			dǎo ㄉㄠˇ	Lead. / Flow smoothly.
者	老+4		zhě ㄓㄜˇ	Pronoun used after verbs, adjectives, etc. in place of a person or thing. / Pronoun used after numbers in place of a thing. / Pronoun used after time or negation to express "when" or "if". / Expressive particle used in a declarative sentence after the subject. / Expressive particle used in a sentence after the subject to express cause or explanation.	v4,p2780#05	p.961#01	p.1080r1c01
			zhuó ㄓㄨㄛˊ	In, located in.
樂	木+11	樂乐	yuè ㄩㄝˋ	Music. / Perform, play music. / Musical instrument. / The (now lost) classic of music. / Musician. / Yue, a surname.	v2,p1280#16	p.548#20	p.715r4c03
			lè ㄌㄜˋ	Happiness. / Make happy. / Fondness for, liking of. / Happy to, willing to. / Tranquil, contented. / Music and debauchery. / Le, a surname.
也	乙+2	𠃟匜	yě ㄧㄝˇ	Modal particle used at the end of a sentence, expressing assertion and affirmation. / Modal particle used at the end of a question for emphasis. / Modal particle used at the end of a cause-effect sentence to express explanation. / Modal particle used in the middle of a sentence to express a pause.	v1,p0050#05	p.84#04	p.55r1c01
愀	心+9		qiǎo ㄑㄧㄠˇ	to change one's countenance, be anxious; to blush	v4,p2329#04	p.393#20	p.536r5c05
然	火+8	燃𤓉	rán ㄖㄢˊ	Burn. / Demonstrative pronoun: like this, like that. / Expresses affirmation: true, indeed so. / Believe correct, affirm. / Adverb: actually, thus. / Connective: but, however, yet. / Particle used at the end of a sentence to express comparison. Like, as if. / Particle used after an adjective or adverb to express state. / Particle used at the end of a sentence to express affirmative mode.	v3,p2213#05	p.675#12	p.852r5c01
變	言+16	変𢒟𢒪𢒦变	biàn ㄅㄧㄢˋ	Change, alteration. / Movement. / Adapt to, accommodate. / Event, incident. / Disaster. / Unusual event.	v2,p1481#07	p.1186#12	p.1257r6c06
容	宀+7	𠕺	róng ㄖㄨㄥˊ	looks, appearance; figure, form	v2,p0933#17	p.287#03	p.421r6c01
善	口+9	譱𦎍𠾄𧮟	shàn ㄕㄢˋ	(5) 完善，完美。 Perfect.	v1,p0660#02	p.197#18	p.282r3c04
哉	口+6	才	zāi ㄗㄞ	(2.1) 語氣詞：表示感嘆，相當於「啊」。 Modal particle expressing exclamation.	v1,p0611#07	p.189#08	p.270r2c01
回	囗+3	囬囘廻	huí ㄏㄨㄟˊ	Same as 「顏回」 yán huí ㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄟˊ: 姓顏，名回，字子淵，孔子的學生。 Yan Hui, a student of Confucius.	v1,p0712#02	p.216#26	p.300r2c02
意	心+9		yì ㄧˋ	thought, idea, opinion; think	v4,p2323#03	p.394#22	p.537r1c05
丘	一+4	丠㐀坵㘳	qiū ㄑㄧㄡ	hill; elder; empty; a name	v1,p0017#01	p.77#14	p.36r4c01
聞	耳+8	𦕁䎽䎹𦖫𥹢闻	wén ㄨㄣˊ	Hear. / Make hear. / Have heard, become aware of. / Knowledge, experience. / Rumour, saying. / Renowned, well-known. / Spread, disseminate.	v7,p4294#12	p.968#11	p.1084r3c01
			wèn ㄨㄣˋ	Reputation, fame. / Same as 「問(2)」 wèn ㄨㄣˋ: Inquire after, give regards to.
知	矢+3	𢇻𥎿	zhī ㄓ	Know, understand. / Perception. / Recognize. / Knowledge. / Know about, make sense of. / Be friendly with. / Control, get on top of.	v4,p2581#02	p.824#01	p.955r5c02
			zhì ㄓˋ	Wisdom.
利	刀+5	利𥝢𥝤	lì ㄌㄧˋ	Sharp. / Fast, speedy. / Favourable, lucky. / Convenient, useful. / Profits, benefits. / Beneficial to, good for. / Profit, interest. / Diarrhea.	v1,p0329#02	p.138#19	p.180r2c02
累	糸+5	纍	lèi lěi léi lǜ liè ㄌㄟˋ ㄌㄟˇ ㄌㄟˊ ㄌㄩˋ ㄌㄧㄝˋ	tired; implicate, involve; bother	v5,p3381#04	p.919#35	p.1038r2c01
審	宀+12	宷审	shěn ㄕㄣˇ	Detailed, thorough. / Investigate thoroughly, research. / Interrogation, trial. / Clear, unambiguous. / Cautious, prudent, take seriously. / True, reliable.	v2,p0954#05	p.291#22	p.429r6c03
			pán ㄆㄢˊ	Place where water swirls about.
得	彳+8	𢔶䙷𢔨	dé ㄉㄜˊ	Get, obtain. / Plunder. / Covet. / Success. / Fitting, appropriate. / Compatible. / Satisfied, pleased. / Possible, can. / Same as 「德(1)」 dé ㄉㄜˊ: Morals, morality. / Same as 「德(3)」 dé ㄉㄜˊ: Reward kindness, thank.	v2,p0828#03	p.367#31	p.513r6c02
失	大+2		shī ㄕ	lose; make mistake, neglect	v1,p0525#01	p.249#09	p.368r3c01
而	而+0		ér ㄦˊ	Whiskers. / Like, similar to. / Pronoun: you. / Pronoun: this, like this. / Connective: and, with. / Connective: and, then. / Connective: if, supposing. / Connective: yet, however. / Connective: therefore, hence. / Connective: expresses method or state. / Particle: of. / Expressive particle.	v4,p2810#01	p.961#18	p.1080r2c03
			néng ㄋㄥˊ	Same as 「能(3)」 néng ㄋㄥˊ: Able to, competent. / Same as 「能(2.1)」 néng ㄋㄥˊ: Ability, talent.
懼	心+18	惧愳𢡔	jù ㄐㄩˋ	fear, be afraid of, dread	v4,p2371#07	p.408#43	p.549r5c07
行	行+0	行	xíng ㄒㄧㄥˊ	Walk, move (on foot). / Advance, move forward. / Leave, exit. / Patrol, go on inspection. / Inspection of the realm by the Son of Heaven. / Be married off. / Flow, circulate. / Channel, guide. / Revolution, circular motion. / Experience. / Luggage, belongings taken on a journey. / Do, carry out. / Actions. / Accomplishments. / Use, utilize. / Take over (an official duty). / Offer, present. / Moral conduct, behaviour. / A type of classical poem. / A piece of music. / Semi-cursive script. / Adverb: will, about to. / Adverb: again, once more. / Adverb: by chance, luckily. / Ambassador (official title). / Measure word for number of pourings of drinks.	v2,p0811#06	p.1108#31	p.1203r5c05
			háng ㄏㄤˊ	Road. / Track, pattern. / Row, line. / Row of soldiers in battle. / Unit of 25 soldiers. / Shaft of a feather (and by extension, wings). / Measure word for things which form rows. / Rank, position.
修	人+8		xiū ㄒㄧㄡ	study; repair; cultivate	v1,p0159#02	p.106#05	p.110r3c01
於	方+4	烏𣱏𤕘于亏扵	yú ㄩˊ	Be (copula). / Be, exist. / Preposition: in. / Preposition: from or to. / Preposition: compared to. / Preposition: to, for, towards. / Preposition: by (indicating passive tense). / Preposition: with, using. / Preposition: due to, because of. / Preposition: by, according to. / Connective: just as. / Auxiliary word, no meaning.	v3,p2175#02	p.481#11	p.622r2c03
無	火+8	𣟒𣚨𠘩无橆	wú ㄨˊ	Not have. / Philosophical category referring to absence, non-existence, or vacuity. / Adverb expressing negation: not. / Adverb expressing questioning: or not. / Connective: regardless of. / Connective: even if. / Particle used at the beginning of a sentence, no meaning. / Do not. / Barren, uncultivated.	v3,p2211#15	p.673#26	p.848r2c04
位	人+5		wèi ㄨㄟˋ	throne; position, post; rank, status; seat	v1,p0138#03	p.98#07	p.96r1c04
怍	心+5		zuò ㄗㄨㄛˋ	to be ashamed	v4,p2286#06	p.379#16	p.525r5c05
誦	言+7	诵	sòng ㄙㄨㄥˋ	recite, chant, repeat	v6,p3980#12	p.1164#02	p.1246r3c02
久	丿+2	乆	jiǔ ㄐㄧㄡˇ	long time (ago); time passage, grow late	v1,p0033#03	p.81#19	p.47r1c02
矣	矢+2	𠤘	yǐ ㄧˇ	Modal particle used to express declaration. / Modal particle used to express exclamation. / Modal particle used to express an order or request.	v4,p2580#04	p.823#37	p.955r5c01
今	人+2		jīn ㄐㄧㄣ	now, today, modern era	v1,p0105#05	p.91#18	p.83r5c02
後	彳+6	𨒥𢔏后	hòu ㄏㄡˋ	Behind, to the rear of. / To be left behind. / Later in time. / Future. / Descendents, offspring.	v2,p0822#03	p.366#18	p.511r2c01
見	見+0	現见	jiàn ㄐㄧㄢˋ	See, catch sight of. / Feel, perceive. / Meet, come across. / Meet with, see. / Meet in battle. / Go to see. / Have come to see, have visit. / Grant an interview. / Recommend, introduce. / Introduce, present. / Hear. / Know, understand. / Experience, insight. / Intent, plan. / Used before a verb to indicate passive tense. / Used before a verb to indicate one is the receipient of anothers actions. / Particle used after a verb to indicate simultaneous action. / Coffin clothes. / Mix, mingle.	v6,p3663#01	p.1133#01	p.1229r1c01
			xiàn ㄒㄧㄢˋ	Appear, become visible. / Manifest, make evident. / Now, at present. / Existing, ready prepared.
是	日+5	昰𣆞	shì ㄕˋ	Straight. / Right, correct. / Believe accurate, affirm. / Demonstrative pronoun: this. / Be (copula). / Auxiliary word, used after moving forward the object.	v2,p1497#05	p.493#26	p.639r1c01

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