Chinese Text Project	Chinese Text Project
	Simplified Chinese version

Song-Ming -> Romance of the Three Kingdoms -> Gathering Arms, Ma Teng Moves To Rescue The Emperor; Commanding A Force, Cao Cao Marches To Avenge His Father -> 21.1

Character	Composition	Variants	Reading	Meaning	Hanyu	Kangxi	Cihai
陶谦	阜+8 言+10	匋 𥡝 谦	táo qiān ㄊㄠˊ ㄑㄧㄢ	[人名] [Name of a person]	v6,p4139#05 v6,p4009#02	p.1354#10 p.1175#20	p.1426r6c01 p.1252r4c02
入	入+0		rù ㄖㄨˋ	Enter, go into. / Put in, bring in. / Pay, offer. / Income, gains. / Inside, within.	v1,p0102#01	p.125#32	p.141r1c03
城	土+6		chéng ㄔㄥˊ	castle; city, town; municipality	v1,p0438#07	p.229#32	p.320r1c02
与	臼+8	与 𢌱 𦦲 𠔔	yǔ ㄩˇ	Give. / Follow, go along with. / Comrade, ally. / Association, contact. / Oppose. / Engage [an enemy]. / Approve, consent to. / Help. / Wait. / Preposition indicating passive tense. / Preposition: to, with. / Preposition: with. / Preposition: as. / Preposition: in, on. / Connective: and, with. / Connective: with its ... / Connective: or.	v1,p0251#04	p.1004#13	p.1113r2c03
			yù ㄩˋ	Participate, take part in.
			yǔ ㄩˇ	Interfere in.
			yú ㄩˊ	Auxiliary word: used at the end of a sentence to express questioning , exclamation, or a rhetorical question. / Auxiliary word: used in the middle of a sentence to express a pause.
众	目+6	衆 𠂝 𥅫 𠱧 众	zhòng ㄓㄨㄥˋ	masses, people, multitude, crowd	v4,p2917#04	p.807#15	p.951r1c02
计	言+2	计	jì ㄐㄧˋ	plan, plot; strategem; scheme	v6,p3937#04	p.1147#01	p.1237r2c01
议	言+13	议	yì ㄧˋ	consult, talk over, discuss	v6,p4026#01	p.1183#24	p.1256r3c02
曰	曰+0		yuē ㄩㄝ	Say, speak. / Call, name. / Particle.	v2,p1482#02	p.502#01	p.648r3c03
曹	曰+7	曺	cáo ㄘㄠˊ	ministry officials; surname	v2,p1511#06	p.502#13	p.651r4c01
兵	八+5	𠈯 𠡿	bīng ㄅㄧㄥ	soldier, troops	v1,p0244#04	p.127#10	p.162r1c02
势	力+11	势	shì ㄕˋ	power, force; tendency	v1,p0377#03	p.149#04	p.199r2c03
大	大+0	𠘲	dà ㄉㄚˋ	Large, great. / Exceed, be greater than. / Venerate, treat as being great. / Many. / Thick, coarse. / Elder. / Respectful term of address. / Adverb expressing high level or broad range.	v1,p0520#01	p.248#01	p.342r3c03
			tài ㄊㄞˋ	Most (superlative). / Too much. / Peaceful, tranquil.
难	隹+11	𩁢 𩁬 𩀙 𩁣 𩁲 𩁩 𩀏 𩁤 难	nán ㄋㄢˊ	Difficult, not easy. / Make difficult, think difficult.	v6,p4108#05	p.1370#05	p.1446r3c01
			nàn ㄋㄢˋ	Disaster. / Blame. / Censure, reject. / Resent. / Hate. / Doctrine, thesis.
			nǎn ㄋㄢˇ	Fear.
			nuó ㄋㄨㄛˊ	Luxuriant. / Ceremony to banish sprits thought responsible for contagion. / How, why.
敌	攴+11	敌	dí ㄉㄧˊ	enemy, foe, rival; resist	v2,p1475#04	p.474#48	p.607r1c02
吾	口+4	𠮣	wú ㄨˊ	First person pronoun: I, we. / Defend, resist.	v1,p0585#13	p.180#03	p.260r5c01
			yú ㄩˊ	See 吾吾.
			yá ㄧㄚˊ	Yunyu, an ancient district.
当	田+8	𤱭 当 当	dāng ㄉㄤ	Suit, match. / Comply, conform to. / Administer, be in charge of. / Take charge of. / Resist, oppose. / Equal to, equivalent. / Face towards. / Should, must. / At, of (some place or time). / Cast sentence. / Will.	v4,p2546#06	p.764#18	p.917r3c03
			dàng ㄉㄤˋ	Suitable, appropriate. / As, for the purpose of, in the capacity of. / Give as security. / Bottom, base.
			tǎng ㄊㄤˇ	If, supposing.
			cháng ㄔㄤˊ	Once, previously.
自	自+0	𦣹 鼻	zì ㄗˋ	Oneself. / Begin, beginning. / From. / Originally. / Natural, naturally. / Supposing, if. / Even, even if.	v5,p3046#01	p.1000#07	p.1108r3c01
缚	糸+10	缚	fú ㄈㄨˊ	to tie	v5,p3434#13	p.934#10	p.1055r4c03
往	彳+5	徃 𢔎 𨓹	wǎng wàng ㄨㄤˇ ㄨㄤˋ	go, depart; past, formerly	v2,p0817#06	p.365#32	p.509r6c03
操	手+13		cāo ㄘㄠ	Hold, holding. / Control, drive. / Carry, bring with. / Serve as, do. / Integrity, moral character. / Cao, name of a piece of zither music. / Play (on the zither).	v3,p1969#03	p.458#15	p.594r3c01
营	火+13	营	yíng cuō ㄧㄥˊ ㄘㄨㄛ	encampment, barracks; manage	v3,p2237#05	p.684#17	p.860r4c01
任	人+4	仼	rèn rén ㄖㄣˋ ㄖㄣˊ	trust to, rely on, appoint; to bear, duty, office; allow	v1,p0122#06	p.94#24	p.88r6c05
其	八+6	丌 亓	qí ㄑㄧˊ	Third-person possessive pronoun: his, her, its, their. / Demonstrative pronoun: that, those. / Adverb expressing estimation or guess. / Adverb expressing imperative. / Adverb expressing rhetorical question. / Adverb expressing future tense. / Connective expressing hypothesis: if, supposing. / Connective expressing choice: or. / Connective expressing concession: even if. / Particle used after an adjective. / Particle: of. / Particle used for emphasis after single-character adjectives or onomatopoeia. / Particle used in the middle of a sentence to alter the tempo.	v1,p0245#01	p.127#18	p.162r5c01
			jì ㄐㄧˋ	Particle used after bi and he.
			jī ㄐㄧ	Modal particle expressing interrogative tone. / A year.
剖	刀+8	𠞌	pōu ㄆㄡ	split in two, slice; dissect	v1,p0345#13	p.141#03	p.185r6c01
割	刀+10	𠛛 㓣 𠛷	gē ㄍㄜ	cut, divide, partition; cede	v1,p0351#07	p.142#32	p.187r5c01
以	人+3	㠯	yǐ ㄧˇ	Use. / Believe. / Command. / Lead. / Connect, implicate. / Have. / Cause, reason. / Preposition: because. / Preposition: from, in. / Preposition: at [some time]. / Preposition: using. / Preposition: in accordance with. / Preposition: relying upon. / Preposition: in the capacity of. / Preposition: with, together with. / Connective: indicates the following action is the objective of the preceding one. / Connective: used between adverbial clause and verb to express modification. / Connective: and. / Connective: but. / Connective: and so, thus. / Particle: used together with some words expressing direction and time. / Modal particle. / Same as “已(1)” yǐ ㄧˇ: Stop, discontinue. / Same as “已(7.2)” yǐ ㄧˇ: Adverb: already. / Same as “已(7.3)” yǐ ㄧˇ: Adverb: extremely.	v1,p0105#07	p.94#01	p.87r6c01
救	攴+7	𣪋	jiù ㄐㄧㄡˋ	save, rescue, relieve; help, aid	v2,p1460#01	p.471#09	p.604r2c02
徐	彳+7		xú ㄒㄩˊ	slowly, quietly, calmly; composed, dignified	v2,p0825#14	p.367#11	p.512r4c02
州	巛+3	𠄓 𠃕 𠛏 𣧓	zhōu ㄓㄡ	administrative division, state	v1,p0046#03	p.324#01	p.462r3c02
百	白+1	佰 𦣻	bǎi bó mò ㄅㄞˇ ㄅㄛˊ ㄇㄛˋ	one hundred; numerous, many	v4,p2643#01	p.785#04	p.932r4c01
姓	女+5	𤯧 𤯣	xìng ㄒㄧㄥˋ	one's family name; clan, people	v2,p1037#12	p.259#05	p.381r6c02
之	丿+3	㞢	zhī ㄓ	Towards; go to. / Demonstrative pronoun: this, these. / Third person pronoun: him, her, it. / Auxiliary word: of. / Auxiliary word: used between subject and predicate, cancels independence of a clause. / Auxiliary word: used in a sentence for aesthetic purpose only, no meaning.	v1,p0043#01	p.82#04	p.47r2c02
命	口+5		mìng ㄇㄧㄥˋ	Order, command. / Written order, commandment. / Send (on a mission), dispatch. / A (diplomatic) mission. / Force, make do. / Instruct, tell. / Gift given by a ruler to his ministers by rank. / Will of heaven. / Fate. / Life, lifespan. / Call, name, assign a name to. / Know for certain.	v1,p0604#11	p.183#18	p.266r6c01
言	言+0	訁 𢍗 𢍬	yán ㄧㄢˊ	Speak, say. / Discuss, debate. / Tell. / Doctrine, theory, words. / One word. / Sentence. / Particle, no meaning.	v6,p3936#01	p.1146#01	p.1236r5c03
未	木+1		wèi ㄨㄟˋ	not yet; 8th terrestrial branch	v2,p1150#01	p.509#05	p.665r4c01
绝	糸+6	𢇍 𠤉 绝	jué ㄐㄩㄝˊ	cut, sever, break off, terminate	v5,p3396#04	p.922#04	p.1041r6c02
一	一+0	弌 壹	yī ㄧ	one; a, an; alone	v1,p0001#01	p.75#01	p.1r1c01
人	人+0	𠔽 亻	rén ㄖㄣˊ	Man, person. / Others, other people. / The people, ordinary men. / Talent, material. / [A man's] character. / Affairs of men, world of man. / Benevolence.	v1,p0101#10	p.91#01	p.80r2c01
进	辵+8	𨙟 𨗃 进	jìn ㄐㄧㄣˋ	advance, make progress, enter	v6,p3851#05	p.1259#30	p.1322r2c03
前	刀+7	歬 𣦃	qián ㄑㄧㄢˊ	in front, forward; preceding	v1,p0248#04	p.140#15	p.184r4c01
府	广+5		fǔ ㄈㄨˇ	prefecture; prefect; government	v2,p0877#15	p.345#02	p.487r5c01
君	口+4	𠱩 𠱭	jūn ㄐㄩㄣ	The son of heaven. / The ruler of a state. / Dafu (title). / To be ruler. / To rule, to govern.	v1,p0595#06	p.177#07	p.256r6c08
久	丿+2	乆	jiǔ ㄐㄧㄡˇ	long time (ago); time passage, grow late	v1,p0033#03	p.81#19	p.47r1c02
镇	金+10	鎭 镇	zhèn zhēn tián ㄓㄣˋ ㄓㄣ ㄊㄧㄢˊ	town, market place; suppress	v6,p4238#01	p.1318#17
民	氏+1	𠘽	mín ㄇㄧㄣˊ	people, subjects, citizens	v3,p2131#01	p.598#01	p.750r3c01
感	心+9	𢦡	gǎn ㄍㄢˇ	feel, perceive, emotion	v4,p2321#02	p.395#21	p.539r2c04
恩	心+6	摁	ēn ㄣ	kindness, mercy, charity	v4,p2290#18	p.385#11	p.530r1c01
今	人+2		jīn ㄐㄧㄣ	now, today, modern era	v1,p0105#05	p.91#18	p.83r5c02
虽	隹+9	𨾡 虽	suī ㄙㄨㄟ	Type of insect. / Even, though, even if. / Only.	v6,p4103#05	p.1368#22	p.1440r6c01
能	肉+6		néng ㄋㄥˊ	A type of bear. / Ability, talent. / Man of ability, man of talent. / Able to, competent. / Comply with, be friendly towards. / Encompass, obtain. / To, arrive at. / Then, thus. / Same as “而(4.3)” ér ㄦˊ: Connective: if, supposing. / Only, merely. / Even if. / Thus, in this way. / Three-legged turtle.	v3,p2074#01	p.981#16	p.1095r5c02
			nài ㄋㄞˋ	Withstand, endure.
			tái ㄊㄞˊ	Same as “台(1.1)” tái ㄊㄞˊ: Name of a celestial body.
			tài ㄊㄞˋ	State, form.
既	无+5	旣	jì xì ㄐㄧˋ ㄒㄧˋ	already; de facto; since; then	v2,p1148#01	p.485#27	p.626r3c02
破	石+5	𡲠	pò ㄆㄛˋ	break, ruin, destroy; rout	v4,p2426#03	p.829#28	p.964r1c04
我	戈+3	𠨂 𢦓 𢦠	wǒ ㄨㄛˇ	First-person pronoun: I. / One's own side in general. / Expresses closeness. / Egoism, self-involvement.	v2,p1401#02	p.412#01	p.552r1c01
坚	土+8	坚	jiān ㄐㄧㄢ	hard, strong, firm; resolute	v1,p0451#04	p.232#03	p.323r3c01
守	宀+3	𡬮 𡬴	shǒu shòu ㄕㄡˇ ㄕㄡˋ	defend, protect, guard, conserve	v2,p0912#03	p.282#05	p.405r4c01
勿	勹+2		wù ㄨˋ	must not, do not; without, never	v1,p0255#02	p.150#24	p.200r4c03
出	凵+3	岀	chū ㄔㄨ	Go out, exit. / Outside, without. / Take up a post. / Exile, banish. / Abandon (one's wife). / Free, release. / Give out, hand over. / Give, offer. / Send out, distribute. / Exceed. / Appear, emerge. / Create, make. / Produce, cause to grow. / Bear, give birth. / Origin, place of birth. / Part of an object which extends outwards. / Measure word: times, occurrences. / Measure word: section.	v1,p0307#08	p.135#11	p.172r1c01
某	木+5	梅 厶	mǒu ㄇㄡˇ	certain thing or person	v2,p1177#04	p.519#01	p.686r1c01
不	一+3	不 𠀚 𠙐	bù ㄅㄨˋ	Not have. / To not be. / Negational adverb, used before verbs, adjectives, etc. to indicate negation. / Negational adverb expressing prohibition: do not. / Negational adverb expressing rhetorical question: is not...?	v1,p0011#06	p.76#15	p.30r1c01
			fǒu ㄈㄡˇ	Same as “否(1.2)” fǒu ㄈㄡˇ: Adverb used together with an affirmative word, expressing its negative or opposite. / Same as “否(1.3)” fǒu ㄈㄡˇ: Adverb used at the end of a question to form a yes-no question.
			fū ㄈㄨ	Sepal of a flower.
			pī ㄆㄧ	Same as “丕(1)” pī ㄆㄧ: Large.
			bǐ ㄅㄧˇ	Show disdain for.
才	手+0	哉 才 财	cái ㄘㄞˊ	talent, ability; just, only	v3,p1824#02	p.416#30	p.558r2c01
愿	页+10	愿 𩕾	yuàn ㄩㄢˋ	desire, want; wish; ambition	v7,p4385#07	p.1407#31	p.1480r6c02
施	方+5	𢒃 𠇜 𠤒	shī shǐ yí yì ㄕ ㄕˇ ㄧˊ ㄧˋ	grant, bestow; give; act; name	v3,p2176#06	p.482#01	p.622r4c02
小	小+0		xiǎo ㄒㄧㄠˇ	Small. / Make small. / View as small. / Thin. / Insufficient. / Short (time), fleeting. / Young. / Slightly, somewhat. / Low level. / A person of low rank. / A person of bad moral character. / Humble term for oneself.	v1,p0560#12	p.296#18	p.438r2c01
策	竹+6	筞	cè ㄘㄜˋ	Bamboo horse-whip. / To whip. / Stick, cane. / Walk with (a cane). / Strips of wood or bamboo (which were joined together to write on). / Book (made of strips of wood or bamboo). / Write in a book, record. / Measure word for books. / Document issued by a ruler to enfeoff a noble or dismiss an official. / Enfeoff. / Inquire. / A form of writing. / Stratagem. / Plot, scheme. / Forecast, predict. / Divining sticks, sticks used for counting and divining. / Name of a celestial body.	v5,p2963#09	p.883#18	p.1013r6c01
教	攴+7	敎	jiào jiāo ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄐㄧㄠ	teach, class	v2,p1459#09	p.472#05
曹操	曰+7 手+13	曺	cáo cāo ㄘㄠˊ ㄘㄠ	[人名] [Name of a person]	v2,p1511#06 v3,p1969#03	p.502#13 p.458#15	p.651r4c01 p.594r3c01
死	歹+2	𠑾 𣥴	sǐ ㄙˇ	die; dead; death	v2,p1380#06	p.578#22	p.740r6c06
无	火+8	𣟒 𣚨 𠘩 无 无	wú ㄨˊ	Not have. / Philosophical category referring to absence, non-existence, or vacuity. / Adverb expressing negation: not. / Adverb expressing questioning: or not. / Connective: regardless of. / Connective: even if. / Particle used at the beginning of a sentence, no meaning. / Do not. / Barren, uncultivated.	v3,p2211#15	p.673#26	p.848r2c04
葬	草+9	塟 𦽱 𦱼 𧂥 𦿑	zàng ㄗㄤˋ	bury, inter	v5,p3246#02	p.1046#05	p.1156r4c04
身	身+0		shēn ㄕㄣ	Pregnant. / The body (of a person or animal). / Itself. / I, myself. / Personally, directly. / Personally experience or carry out. / Life. / One's own moral character, ability, etc. / A world in buddhist doctrine.	v6,p3807#01	p.1237#01	p.1295r6c01
			yuān ㄩㄢ	Same as “身毒” yuān dú ㄩㄢ ㄉㄨˊ: India.
地	土+3	埊 𨻐 埅 𠏂 嶳	dì de ㄉㄧˋ ㄉㄜ·	earth; soil, ground; region	v1,p0420#12	p.224#06	p.312r6c01
惊	马+13	惊	jīng ㄐㄧㄥ	frighten, surprise, startle	v7,p4576#06	p.1446#04	p.1510r5c05
便	人+7	便	biàn pián ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄆㄧㄢˊ	convenience, ease; expedient	v1,p0157#03	p.103#32	p.105r2c05
问	口+8	𠳅 问	wèn ㄨㄣˋ	Ask, inquire. / Investigate, look into. / Inquire after, give regards to. / Interrogate, question. / Visit (another states). / Research, investigate. / Give, present with. / Tell. / Sound. / Same as “闻(7)” wèn ㄨㄣˋ: Reputation, fame.	v7,p4284#03	p.195#10	p.279r3c03
将	寸+8	𤕭 𢪇 将 畺	jiāng ㄐㄧㄤ	Take. / Use. / Push forward. / Drive. / Help, support. / Help financially. / Advance, go forward. / Carry out, execute. / Follow. / Comply, submit. / Do, carry out. / Accompany, see off. / Transmit. / Express. / Offer (as a sacrifice). / Look after, raise. / Protect. / Strong, robust. / Long time. / Carry, lead. / Side, beside. / Will, about to. / Close to, almost. / How? / Preposition: with. / Connective: and, with. / Connective: or, otherwise. / Connective: if, supposing. / Particle used after a verb. / A kind of insect.	v4,p2375#10	p.294#16	p.434r1c03
			jiàng ㄐㄧㄤˋ	Command troops. / Military commander. / Appoint as military commander.
			qiāng ㄑㄧㄤ	Please, humbly request. / [Onomatopoeia]
			zāng ㄗㄤ	Female sheep.
安	宀+3		ān ㄢ	Stable, steady. / Peaceful, tranquil. / Safe. / Accustomed to do, habitually do. / Not worry about, be relaxed about. / Comfort, ease. / Stop, cease. / Unhurried. / Place, put. / Interrogative pronoun: how. / Interrogative pronoun: where. / Interrogative pronoun: what. / Interrogative pronoun: who. / Connective: so, thereupon.	v2,p0913#09	p.282#08	p.406r2c01
正	止+1	㱏 𣥔 𤴓 𧾸	zhèng ㄓㄥˋ	Straight, not at an angle. / Appropriate. / Normal. / Decent, upstanding. / Fix, determine. / Govern, rule. / Set punishments. / Formal, primary. / Pure, unadulterated. / Son by one's official wife. / Luckily, fortuitously. / Expresses continuation of an action or state. / Officer. / Only. / Government, state affairs. / Prove, verify.	v2,p1436#01	p.574#02	p.732r5c02
			zhēng ㄓㄥ	First month in the Chinese calander. / Centre of a target. / Attack, punitive expedition.
是	日+5	昰 𣆞	shì ㄕˋ	Straight. / Right, correct. / Believe accurate, affirm. / Demonstrative pronoun: this. / Be (copula). / Auxiliary word, used after moving forward the object.	v2,p1497#05	p.493#26	p.639r1c01

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