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中國哲學書電子化計劃
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墨家 -> 墨子 -> 卷八 -> 明鬼下 -> 19

今執無鬼者曰：Those who deny the existence of spirits say,
「意不忠親之利，"If one does not work for the blessing of one's parents
而害為孝子乎？」but work for their destruction, would one still be a filial son?"
子墨子曰：「古之今之為鬼，非他也，有天鬼，亦有山水鬼神者，亦有人死而為鬼者。Mozi explained: The ghosts and spirits of all times may be divided into spirits of Heaven, spirits of hills and rivers, and ghosts of men after their death.
今有子先其父死， It is true that there are sons who die before their fathers,
弟先其兄死者矣， and younger brothers before their elder brothers.
意雖使然，然而天下之陳物曰But, as the saying in the world goes:
『先生者先死』， "He who is born first dies first."
若是，So then
則先死者非父則母， those who die first would be the mother if not the father,
非兄而姒也。 and the elder sister if not the elder brother.
今絜為酒醴粢盛，At any rate, we should prepare clean cakes and wine
以敬慎祭祀， reverently to do sacrifice.
若使鬼神請有， If ghosts and spirits do exist,
是得其父母姒兄而飲食之也，then it is to serve father and mother, elder sisters and elder brothers with food and drink.
豈非厚利哉？ Is not this a great blessing?
若使鬼神請亡，是乃費其所為酒醴粢盛之財耳。If ghosts and spirits did not exist it would seem to be a waste of the material for the cakes and wine.
自夫費之，But such use
非1
特注之汙壑而棄之也， is not just to throw it into the ditch or gully.
內者宗族，For the relatives from the clan
外者鄉里，and friends from the village and district
皆得如具飲食之。 can yet eat and drink them.
雖使鬼神請亡，So, even if there were really no ghosts and spirits,
此猶可以合驩聚眾，a sacrifice will yet gather together a party and the participants can enjoy themselves
取親於鄉里。」 and befriend the neighbours.
今執無鬼者言曰：「鬼神者固請無有，是以不共其酒醴粢盛犧牲之財。Those who hold there are no ghosts say: "Of course there are no ghosts and spirits and therefore I should not expend my wealth on the cakes and wine and victims.
吾非乃今愛其酒醴粢盛犧牲之財乎？This is not because I am miserly about my wealth on the cakes and wine and victims.
其所得者臣將何哉？But (because I do not see) what I can accomplish with it.
此上逆聖王之書，This is opposed to the records of the sage-kings above
內逆民人孝子之行， and opposed to the practice among the filial sons among the people.
而為上士於天下， Yet they claim to be superior men in the empire.
此非所以為上士
之2道
也		 This is no way to be superior men.
3。
是故子墨子曰： But Mozi said:
「今吾為祭祀也，For me to offer sacrifice
非直注之汙壑而棄之也， is not to throw it into the ditch or the gully.
上以交鬼之福，It is to bless the ghosts above
下以合驩聚眾，取親乎鄉里。 and gather a party and enjoy ourselves and befriend the neighbours below.
若神有，則是得吾父母弟兄而食之也。And if spirits exist, I would be serving my father and mother and brother with food.
則此豈非天下利事也哉！Is this not a great blessing in the world?

1. 非 : 舊脫。 孫詒讓《墨子閒詁》
2. 之 : 舊脫。 孫詒讓《墨子閒詁》
3. 也 : 舊脫。 孫詒讓《墨子閒詁》

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