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| Condition 1: References "无从下之政上，必从上之政下" Matched:2. |
| Total 2 paragraphs. Page 1 of 1. |
《先秦两汉 - Pre-Qin and Han》 | Related resources |
《墨家 - Mohism》 | Related resources |
《墨子 - Mozi》 | [Spring and Autumn - Warring States] 490 BC-221 BC | Books referencing 《墨子》 Library Resources Introduction Source Related resources |
《卷七 - Book 7》 | English translation: W. P. Mei [?] | Library Resources |
《天志上 - Will of Heaven I》 | English translation: W. P. Mei [?] | Library Resources |
| 3 | 天志上: |
曰且夫义者政也，无从下之政上，必从上之政下。是故庶人竭力从事，未得次己而为政，有士政之；士竭力从事，未得次己而为政，有将军大夫政之；将军大夫竭力从事，未得次己而为政，有三公诸侯政之；三公诸侯竭力听治，未得次己而为政，有天子政之；天子未得次己而为政，有天政之。天子为政于三公、诸侯、士、庶人，天下之士君子固明知，天之为政于天子，天下百姓未得之明知也。故昔三代圣王禹汤文武，欲以天之为政于天子，明说天下之百姓，故莫不犓牛羊，豢犬彘，洁 为粢1盛酒醴，以祭祀上帝鬼神，而求祈福于天。我未尝闻天下之所求祈福于天子者也，我所以知天之为政于天子者也。 |
| Will of Heaven I: |
Moreover, righteousness is the standard. A standard is not to be given by the subordinates to the superior but by the superior to the subordinates. Therefore, while the common people should spare no pains at work they may not make the standard at will. There are the scholars to give them the standard. While the scholars should spare no pains at work, they may not make the standard at will. There are the ministers and secretaries to give them the standard. While the ministers and secretaries should spare no pains at work, they may not make the standard at will. There are the high duke and feudal lords to give them the standard. While the high duke and the feudal lords should spare no pains at work, they may not make the standard at will. There is the emperor to give them the standard. The emperor may not make the standard at will (either). There is Heaven to give him the standard. That the emperor gives the standard to the high dukes, to the feudal lords, to the scholars, and to the common people, the gentlemen in the world clearly understand. But that Heaven gives the standard to the emperor, the people do not know well. Therefore the ancient sage-kings of the Three Dynasties, Yu, Tang, Wen, and Wu, desiring to make it clear to the people that Heaven gives the standard to the emperor, fed oxen and sheep with grass, and pigs and dogs with grain, and cleanly prepared the cakes and wine to do sacrifice to God on High and the spirits, and invoked Heaven's blessing. But I have not yet heard of Heaven invoking the emperor for blessing. So I know Heaven gives the standard to the emperor. 1. 为粢 : Inserted. 孙诒让《墨子闲诂》 |
《天志下 - Will of Heaven III》 | English translation: W. P. Mei [?] | Library Resources |
| 2 | 天志下: |
是故子墨子言曰：“戒之慎之，必为天之所欲，而去天之所恶。曰天之所欲者何也？所恶者何也？天欲义而恶其不义者也。何以知其然也？曰义者正也。何以知义之为正也？天下有义则治，无义则乱，我以此知义之为正也。然而正者，无自下正上者，必自上正下。是故庶人不得次己而为正，有士正之；士不得次己而为正，有大夫正之；大夫不得次己而为正，有诸侯正之；诸侯不得次己而为正，有三公正之；三公不得次己而为正，有天子正之；天子不得次己而为政，有天正之。今天下之士君子，皆明于天子之正天下也，而不明于天 之1正 天子2也。是故古者圣人，明以此说人曰：‘天子有善，天能赏之；天子有过，天能罚之。’天子赏罚不当，听狱不中，天下疾病祸福，霜露不时，天子必且犓豢其牛羊犬彘，洁为粢盛酒醴，以祷祠祈福于天，我未尝闻天之祷祈福于天子也，吾以此知天之重且贵于天子也。是故义者不自愚且贱者出，必自贵且知者出。曰谁为知？天为知。然则义果自天出也。今天下之士君子之欲为义者，则不可不顺天之意矣。 |
| Will of Heaven III: |
And Mozi said: Be obedient. Be careful. Be sure to do what Heaven desires and avoid what Heaven abominates. Now, what does Heaven desire and what does Heaven abominate? Heaven desires righteousness and abominates unrighteousness. How do we know this? Because righteousness is the standard. How do we know righteousness is the standard? Because with righteousness the world will be orderly; without it the world will be disorderly. So, I know righteousness is the standard. Now a standard is never given by the subordinate to the superior, it is always to be given by the superior to the subordinate. Hence the common people may not make the standard at will. There are the scholars to give them the standard. The scholars may not make the standard at will. There are the ministers to give them the standard. The ministers may not make the standard at will. There are the feudal lords to give them the standard. The feudal lords may not make the standard at will. There is the high duke to give them the standard. The high duke may not make the standard at will. There is the emperor to give him the standard. The emperor may not make the standard at will. There is Heaven to give him the standard. The gentlemen of the world all understand that the emperor gives the standard to the world but do not understand that Heaven gives the standard to the emperor. The sages, explaining this, said: "When the emperor has done good, Heaven rewards him. When the emperor has committed wrong, Heaven punishes him. When the emperor is unjust in reward and punishment and not judicious in hearing lawsuits, Heaven visits him with disease and calamities, and frost and dew will be untimely." The emperor will then have to feed oxen and sheep with grass and dogs and pigs with grains and prepare clean cakes and wine to pray and invoke Heaven for blessing. I have not yet heard of Heaven praying and invoking the emperor for blessing. So, I can say Heaven is more honourable and wise than the emperor. Therefore righteousness does not come from the ignorant and humble but from the honourable and wise. Who is honourable? Heaven is honourable. Who is wise? Heaven is wise. And, so, righteousness assuredly comes from Heaven. And the gentlemen of the world who desire to do righteousness therefore must obey the will of Heaven. 1. 之 : Inserted. 孙诒让《墨子闲诂》 |
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