| | 尚贤下: |
是故古之圣王之治天下也，其所富，其所贵，未必王公大人骨肉之亲、无故富贵、面目美好者也。是故昔者舜耕于历山，陶于河濒，渔于雷泽，灰于常阳。尧得之服泽之阳，立为天子，使接天下之政，而治天下之民。昔伊尹为莘氏女师仆，使为庖人，汤得而举之，立为三公，使接天下之政，治天下之民。昔者傅说居北海之洲，圜土之上，衣褐带索，庸筑于傅岩之城，武丁得而举之，立为三公，使之接天下之政，而治天下之民。是故昔者尧之举舜也，汤之举伊尹也，武丁之举傅说也，岂以为骨肉之亲、无故富贵、面目美好者哉？惟法其言，用其谋，行其道，上可而利天，中可而利鬼，下可而利人，是故推而上之。 |
| Exaltation of the Virtuous...: |
To the contrary, in governing the empire the sage-kings of old enriched and honoured those who were not necessarily their relatives, the rich without merit, or the good-looking. At one time Shun cultivated land at Mt. Li, made pottery by the River, engaged in fishing in Lake Lei, and went peddling in Changyang. Yao discovered him at Fuze, made him emperor, and handed him the government of the empire and the rule over the people. Yi Yin once took part in the bridal party of the daughter of the Prince of Xin, and then was employed as a cook. Tang discovered him and exalted him to be High Duke, handing him the government of the empire and the rule over the people. Once Fu Yue lived in the District of Beihai and built the prison walls. His clothing was of coarse cloth and tied with ropes. Wu Ding discovered him and exalted him to be High Duke, handing him the government of the empire and the rule over the people. Now, when Yao exalted Shun, Tang exalted Yi Yin, and Wu Ding exalted Fu Yue was it because they were their relatives, the rich without merit, or the good-looking? It was only because that by adopting their views, carrying out their plans, and following their ways, Heaven on high would be blessed, the spirits in the middle would be blessed, and the people below would be blessed. Therefore they were promoted and exalted. |
| | 尚贤下: |
今王公大人其所富，其所贵，皆王公大人骨肉之亲，无故富贵、面目美好者也。今王公大人骨肉之亲，无故富贵、面目美好者，焉故必知哉！若不知，使治其国家，则其国家之乱可得而知也。今天下之士君子皆欲富贵而恶贫贱。然女何为而得富贵，而辟贫贱哉？曰莫若为王公大人骨肉之亲，无故富贵、面目美好者1。王公大人骨肉之亲，无故富贵、面目美好者，此非可学能者也。使不知辩，德行之厚若禹、汤、文、武不加得也，王公大人骨肉之亲，躄、喑、聋，暴为桀、纣，不加失也。是故以赏不当贤，罚不当暴，其所赏者已无故矣，其所罚者亦无罪。是以使百姓皆攸心解体，沮以为善，垂其股肱之力而不相劳来也；腐臭馀财，而不相分资也，隐慝良道，而不相教诲也。若此，则饥者不得食，寒者不得衣，乱者不得治2推而上之以3。 |
| Exaltation of the Virtuous...: |
But those whom the rulers now are enriching and honouring are all their relatives, the rich without merit, and the good-looking. What can there be that guarantees these to be wise? When the unwise are charged with the government of the country, disorder in the country can be predicted. Now the gentlemen of the world like riches and honour, and dislike poverty and humility. But how can you obtain the former and avoid the latter? There seems to be no other way than to be the rulers' relatives, the rich without merit, and the good-looking. Evidently one cannot become these by learning. So, when the art of judging is not understood, although some virtuous people may even compare with Yu, Tang, Wen, and Wu, there will be no commendation. And, although a relative of the ruler may be lame and dumb, deaf and blind, and evil like Jie and Zhou, there will be no condemnation. Therefore reward does not fall on the virtuous or punishment on the evil. As those rewarded are without merit, those punished are naturally without guilt. And so, people all became disintegrated in heart and dissipated in body, and despairing in doing good. With all their strength unused, they would not help one another ; with all unused supplies rotting and fermenting, they would not share with one another; hiding the excellent Dao they would not show it to others. As a result of this, the hungry are not fed, the cold are not clothed, and the disturbed are not given order. 1. 故富贵、面目美好者 : Inserted. 孙诒让《墨子闲诂》
2. 得食，寒者不得衣，乱者不得治 : Inserted. 孙诒让《墨子闲诂》
3. 推而上之以 : Deleted. 孙诒让《墨子闲诂》
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