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| Condition 1: References "故书之竹帛，琢之盘盂" Matched:9. |
| Total 8 paragraphs. Page 1 of 1. |
《先秦两汉 - Pre-Qin and Han》 | Related resources |
《墨家 - Mohism》 | Related resources |
《墨子 - Mozi》 | [Spring and Autumn - Warring States] 490 BC-221 BC English translation: W. P. Mei [?] | Books referencing 《墨子》 Library Resources Introduction Source Related resources |
《卷二 - Book 2》 | Library Resources |
《尚贤下 - Exaltation of the Virtuous III》 | English translation: W. P. Mei [?] | Library Resources |
| 4 | 尚贤下: | 古者圣王既审尚贤欲以为政，故书之竹帛，琢之盘盂，传以遗后世子孙。于先王之书吕刑之书然，王曰：‘于！来！有国有土，告女讼刑，在今而安百姓，女何择言人，何敬不刑，何度不及。’能择人而敬为刑，尧、舜、禹、汤、文、武之道可及也。是何也？则以尚贤及之，于先王之书竖年之言然，曰：‘晞夫圣、武、知人，以屏辅而身。’此言先王之治天下也，必选择贤者以为其群属辅佐。曰今也天下之士君子，皆欲富贵而恶贫贱。曰然。女何为而得富贵而辟贫贱？莫若为贤。为贤之道将柰何？曰有力者疾以助人，有财者勉以分人，有道者劝以教人。若此则饥者得食，寒者得衣，乱者得治。若饥则得食，寒则得衣，乱则得治，此安生生。 |
| Exaltation of the Virtuous...: | Having understood the principle of exalting the virtuous in government, the ancient sage-kings inscribed it on bamboos and silk and engraved it on the dishes and vases, to hand it down to their descendants. Thus we find in the "Penal Code of Lu", a book of an ancient king, the following: "The king said: 'Ho! come, ye rulers of states and territories, I will tell you how to make punishments a blessing. Now it is yours to give repose to the people: - what should you be most concerned about the choosing of? Should it not be proper men? What should you deal with the most reverently? Should it not be punishments? What should you calculate the most? Should it not be to whom they should reach?'" (This is to say) with insight in choosing men and considerateness in meting punishments, you can catch up with the ways of Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, and Wu. How? By exaltation of the virtuous. Again in the book "Shu Nian", another book of an ancient king, we find: "He looked for wise men to protect and aid you." This is to say, when the ancient kings reigned over the empire they invariably selected the virtuous and made them officials and aids. The gentlemen in the world like riches and honour, and dislike poverty and humility. Now how can you obtain the former and avoid the latter? There is no better way than to practise virtue. What then is the way to practise virtue ? Let him who has strength be alert to help others, let him who has wealth endeavour to share it with others, let him who possesses the Dao (the way of nature and life) teach others persuasively. With this, the hungry will be fed, the cold will be clothed, the disturbed will have order. When the hungry are fed, the cold are clothed, and the disturbed have order - this is procuring abundant life. |
《卷四 - Book 4》 | Library Resources |
《兼爱下 - Universal Love III》 | English translation: W. P. Mei [?] | Library Resources |
| 6 | 兼爱下: | 然而天下之士非兼者之言也，犹1未止也。曰：“兼即仁矣义矣，虽然，岂可为哉？吾譬兼之不可为也，犹挈泰山以超江河也。故兼者直愿之也，夫岂可为之物哉？”子墨子曰：“夫挈泰山以赵江河，自古之及今，生民而来，未尝有也。今若夫兼相爱、交相利，此自先圣六王者亲行之。”何知先圣六王之亲行之也？子墨子曰：“吾非与之并世同时，亲闻其声，见其色也。以其所书于竹帛，镂于金石，琢于盘盂，传遗后世子孙者知之。”《泰誓》曰：“文王若日若月，乍照光于四方于西土。”即此言文王之兼爱天下之博大也，譬之日月，兼照天下之无有私也。即此文王兼也。虽子墨子之所谓兼者，于文王取法焉。 |
| Universal Love III: |
Yet the objection is still not exhausted. It points out that universal love may be magnanimous and righteous, but how can it be realized? Universal love is impracticable just as carrying Mt. Tai and leaping over rivers. So, then, universal love is but a pious wish, how can it be actualized? Mozi replied: To carry Mt. Tai and leap over rivers is something that has never been accomplished since the existence of man. But universal love and mutual aid has been personally practised by six ancient sage-kings. How do we know they have done it? Mozi said: I am no contemporary of theirs, neither have I heard their voice or seen their faces. The sources of our knowledge lie in what is written on the bamboos and silk, what is engraved in metal and stones, and what is cut in the vessels to be handed down to posterity. The "Great Declaration" proclaims: "King Wen was like the sun and the moon, shedding glorious and resplendent light in the four quarters as well as over the Western land." This is to say that the love of King Wen is so wide and universal that it is like the sun and the moon shining upon the world without partiality. Here is universal love on the part of King Wen; what Mozi has been talking about is really derived from the example of King Wen. 1. 犹 : Originally read: "独". Corrected by 孙诒让《墨子闲诂》 |
《卷七 - Book 7》 | Library Resources |
《天志中 - Will of Heaven II》 | English translation: W. P. Mei [?] | Library Resources |
| 8 | 天志中: |
且吾所以知天之爱民之厚者，不止此而已矣。曰爱人利人，顺天之意，得天之赏者有之；憎人 贼人1，反天之意，得天之罚者亦有矣。夫爱人利人，顺天之意，得天之赏者谁也？曰若昔三代圣王，尧舜禹汤文武者是也。尧舜禹汤文武焉所从事？曰从事兼，不从事别。兼者，处大国不攻小国， 处2大家不乱小家，强不劫弱，众不暴寡，诈不谋愚，贵不傲贱。观其事，上利乎天，中利乎鬼，下利乎人，三利无所不利，是谓天德。聚敛天下之美名而加之焉，曰：此仁也，义也，爱人利人，顺天之意，得天之赏者也。不止此而已，书于竹帛，镂之金石，琢之盘盂，传遗后世子孙。曰将何以为？将以识夫爱人利人，顺天之意，得天之赏者也。皇矣道之曰：‘帝谓文王，予怀明德，不大声以色，不长夏以革，不识不知，顺帝之则。’帝善其顺法则也，故举殷以赏之，使贵为天子，富有天下，名誉至今不息。故夫爱人利人，顺天之意，得天之赏者，既可得留而已。夫憎人贼人，反天之意，得天之罚者谁也？曰若昔者三代暴王桀纣幽厉者是也。桀纣幽厉焉所从事？曰从事别，不从事兼。别者，处大国则攻小国，处大家则乱小家，强劫弱，众暴寡，诈谋愚，贵傲贱。观其事，上不利乎天，中不利乎鬼，下不利乎人，三不利无所利，是谓天贼。聚敛天下之丑名而加之焉，曰此非仁也，非义也。憎人贼人，反天之意，得天之罚者也。不止此而已，又书其事于竹帛，镂之金石，琢之盘盂，传遗后世子孙。曰将何以为？将以识夫憎人贼人，反天之意，得天之罚者也。大誓之道之曰：‘纣越厥夷居，不肯事上帝，弃厥先神祇不祀，乃曰吾有命，毋廖𠏿务 天下3。天亦纵弃纣而不葆。’察天以纵弃纣而不葆者，反天之意也。故夫憎人贼人，反天之意，得天之罚者，既可得而知也。” |
| Will of Heaven II: |
This is still not all by which I know Heaven loves man dearly. There are those who love the people and benefit the people and obey the will of Heaven and obtain reward from Heaven. There are also those who hate the people and oppress the people and oppose the will of Heaven and incur punishment from Heaven. Who are those that love the people and benefit the people, obey the will of Heaven and obtain reward from Heaven? They are the ancient sage-kings of the Three Dynasties, Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, and Wu. What did Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, and Wu do? They engaged themselves in universality and not partiality (in love). Loving universally, they did not attack the small states with their large states, they did not molest the small houses with their large houses. The strong did not plunder the weak, the many did not oppress the few, the clever did not deceive the stupid, the honoured did not disdain the humble. Such a regime was agreeable to Heaven above, to the spirits in the middle sphere, and to the people below. Being helpful to these three, it was helpful to all. And this was Heavenly virtue. The most excellent names in the world were gathered and attributed to them, and they were called magnanimous, righteous, beloved of man and beneficial to the people, obedient to the will of Heaven and rewarded of Heaven. Besides this, it is also recorded on the bamboos and silk, cut in metals and stones, and engraved on the dishes and cups to be handed down to posterity. What is this for? It is to mark out those who loved the people and benefited them, obeyed the will of Heaven and obtained reward from Heaven. Thus the ode of Huang Yi says: "God said to King Wen, 'I cherish your intelligent virtue. It was not proclaimed with much noise or gesture. It was not modified after the possession of the empire. How instructively and naturally submissive to the scheme of Heaven!'" Because he was obedient to God's scheme, He rewarded him with Yin and honoured him to be emperor and enriched him with the empire. And his fame is not forgotten even unto this day. Hence we are enabled to know who are those that loved the people and benefited them, obeyed the will of Heaven and obtained reward from Heaven. Now, who are those that hated the people and oppressed them, opposed the will of Heaven and incurred punishment from Heaven? They are the ancient wicked kings of the Three Dynasties, Jie, Zhou, You, and Li. What did they do? They were selfish and ungenerous. Being selfish they attacked the small states with their large states, they molested the small houses with their large houses. The strong plundered the weak, the many oppressed the few, the clever deceived the ignorant, the honoured disdained the humble. Such a regime was not helpful to Heaven above, to the spirits in the middle sphere, or to the people below. Since it was not helpful to these three it was helpful to none. And they were called the enemies of Heaven. The most evil names in the world were gathered and attributed to them, and they were called unmagnanimous, unrighteous, haters of man and oppressors of the people, disobedient to the will of Heaven and punished by Heaven. Besides this, it is also recorded on the bamboos and silk, cut in the metals and stones, and engraved on the plates and cups to be handed down to posterity. What is this for? It is to mark out those that hated the people and oppressed them, opposed the will of Heaven and incurred punishment from Heaven. Thus relates the "Great Declaration": "Zhou went beyond the proper limits and became insolent. He would not worship God and pushed away the ancestors and spirits without offering them sacrifices. And he said: 'Fortune is with me,' and neglected and betrayed his duty. Heaven thereupon deserted him and withdrew its protection." Heaven deserted Zhou and withdrew its support because Zhou opposed the will of Heaven. Hence we are enabled to know who are those that hated the people and oppressed them, opposed the will of Heaven and incurred punishment from Heaven. 1. 贼人 : Inserted. 孙诒让《墨子闲诂》 |
《卷八 - Book 8》 | Library Resources |
《明鬼下 - On Ghosts III》 | English translation: W. P. Mei [?] | Library Resources |
| 12 | 明鬼下: | 古者圣王必以鬼神为，其务鬼神厚矣，又恐后世子孙不能知也，故书之竹帛，传遗后世子孙；咸恐其腐蠹绝灭，后世子孙不得而记，故琢之盘盂，镂之金石，以重之；有恐后世子孙不能敬莙以取羊，故先王之书，圣人一尺之帛，一篇之书，语数鬼神之有也，重有重之。此其故何？则圣王务之。今执无鬼者曰：‘鬼神者，固无有。’则此反圣王之务。反圣王之务，则非所以为君子之道也！” |
| On Ghosts III: | Deep was their own interest in the welfare of ghosts and spirits. Yet they were afraid their descendants might not understand it. Thus they recorded it on bamboos and silk to bequeath to them. Fearing that these might rot and disappear so that the descendants might not learn it, they engraved it on plates and cups and cut it in metals and stones. They feared also that the descendants might not be reverent and obtain blessing, and so among the books of the ancient kings and the records of sages testimonies to the existence of ghosts and spirits occur time and again even on a single foot of silk or a single sheet in the books. Why was this? Because the sage-kings were interested in it. Those who deny the existence of spirits, saying "Ghosts and spirits just do not exist", are opposing the interest of the sage-kings. Opposing the interest of the sage-kings is not the way of the superior man. |
《卷九 - Book 9》 | Library Resources |
《非命下 - Anti-Fatalism III》 | English translation: W. P. Mei [?] | Library Resources |
| 3 | 非命下: |
昔者暴王作之，穷 人1术之，此皆疑众迟朴，先圣王之患之也，固在前矣。是以书之竹帛，镂之金石，琢之盘盂，传遗后世子孙。曰何书焉存？禹之总德有之曰：‘允不著，惟天民不而葆，既防凶心，天加之咎，不慎厥德，天命焉葆’？仲虺之告曰：‘我闻有夏，人矫天命，于下，帝式是增，用爽厥师。’彼用无为有，故谓矫，若有而谓有，夫岂为矫哉！昔者，桀执有命而行，汤为仲虺之告以非之。太誓之言也，于去发曰：‘恶乎君子！天有显德，其行甚章，为鉴不远，在彼殷王。谓人有命，谓敬不可行，谓祭无益，谓暴无伤，上帝不常，九有以亡，上帝不顺，祝降其丧，惟我有周，受之大帝。’昔者纣执有命而行，武王为太誓、去发以非之。曰：子胡不尚考之乎商周虞夏之记，从十简之篇以尚，皆无之，将何若者也？” |
| Anti-Fatalism III: |
The ancient wicked kings originated it and the miserable people practised it. It was shaking the convictions of the multitudes and converting the stupid. And this was already of great concern to the ancient sage-kings. They put it down on the bamboos and silk and cut it in metal and stone and engraved it on dishes and cups to be handed down to their descendants. In what books are they embodied? "Zong De" of Yu says: "When promises are not fulfilled even a subject of Heaven will not be protected. When one has touched the evil star, Heaven will visit him with its curse. When one is not careful about one's conduct, how can fate of Heaven protect him?" "The Announcement of Zhong Hui" says: "I have heard that the man of Xia issued orders, pretending them to be fate of Heaven. God was displeased and destroyed his armies." He made use of what did not exist as if it had existed, and therefore it was called pretension. If he declared to be existent what really existed, how would this be pretension? In ancient times, Jie believed in fate and acted accordingly. Tang here showed it to be wrong through "The Announcement of Zhong Hui." "The Great Declaration " says: "Therefore the Prince Regent Fa said: 'Ah, my lords, Heaven blesses the virtuous. Its way is clear. Example need not be sought far. It is in the King of Yin. He claimed each man had his own fate, worship should not be practised, sacrifices were of no avail, and wickedness could do no harm. God withdrew his blessing and the nine districts are lost to him. God is not pleased and is visiting him with ruin. Hence it is that our Zhou (the dynasty, the empire) is given by the Great God.'" That is, Zhou believed in fate and acted accordingly. King Wu refuted him in "The Great Declaration." So, why not examine the records of Yu, Xia, Shang, and Zhou, and see that all of them held there is no fate? How would you account for this? 1. 人 : Inserted. 孙诒让《墨子闲诂》 |
《卷十二 - Book 12》 | Library Resources |
《贵义 - Esteem for Righteousness》 | English translation: W. P. Mei [?] | Library Resources |
| 11 | 贵义: | 子墨子曰：“古之圣王，欲传其道于后世，是故书之竹帛，镂之金石，传遗后世子孙，欲后世子孙法之也。今闻先王之遗而不为，是废先王之传也。” |
| Esteem for Righteousness:...: | Mozi said: The sage-kings of old wanted to have their teaching passed to future generations. Therefore they recorded it on bamboos and silk and engraved it in metal and stone to bequeath to posterity so that their descendants could follow it. Now the ways of the early kings are known but not carried out. This is to break the tradition of the early kings. |
《卷十三 - Book 13》 | Library Resources |
《鲁问 - Lu's Question》 | English translation: W. P. Mei [?] | Library Resources |
| 5 | 鲁问: | 子墨子谓鲁阳文君曰：“攻其邻国，杀其民人，取其牛马、粟米、货财，则书之于竹帛，镂之于金石，以为铭于锺鼎，传遗后世子孙曰：‘莫若我多。’今贱人也，亦攻其邻家，杀其人民，取其狗豕食粮衣裘，亦书之竹帛，以为铭于席豆，以遗后世子孙曰：‘莫若我多。’亓可乎？”鲁阳文君曰：“然吾以子之言观之，则天下之所谓可者，未必然也。” |
| Lu's Question: | Mozi said to Prince Wen of Lu Yang: If a lord had attacked the neighbouring states, killed their people, carried away their oxen and horses, grains and valuables, a lord might yet record it on bamboos and silk and engrave it on metal and stone and write it up into maxims on the bell and the ting to hand down to posterity, saying: "None possess so much as I." Now, the unscrupulous common man also attacks neighbouring homes, kills their inmates, and takes the dogs and hogs, food and clothing. They would also like to record it on bamboos and silk and write it up into maxims on the vessels and dishes to hand down to posterity, saying: "None possesses so much as I." Is this permissible? Prince Wen of Lu Yang said: "According to what you have said then what the world takes for granted may not be right after all." |
《汉代之后 - Post-Han》 |
《宋明 - Song-Ming》 |
《太平御览》 | [Northern Song] 977-984 | Library Resources |
《器物部五》 | Library Resources |
《盂》 | Library Resources |
| 4 | 盂: | 《墨子》曰：若夫兼相爱，交相利，此自先圣六王者亲行之。何以知先圣六王之亲行之？吾以其所书于竹帛，镂于金石，琢于盘盂，传遗后世子孙者知之。 |
| Total 8 paragraphs. Page 1 of 1. |
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