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| Condition 1: References "弛其文德，协此四国" Matched:5. |
| Total 5 paragraphs. Page 1 of 1. |
《先秦两汉 - Pre-Qin and Han》 | Related resources |
《儒家 - Confucianism》 | Related resources |
《礼记 - Liji》 | [Warring States (475 BC - 221 BC)] | Books referencing 《礼记》 Library Resources Source Related resources |
《孔子闲居 - Kongzi Xian Ju》 | English translation: James Legge [?] | Books referencing 《孔子闲居》 Library Resources |
| 5 | 孔子闲居: | 子夏曰：“三王之德，参于天地，敢问：何如斯可谓参于天地矣？”孔子曰：“奉三无私以劳天下。” |
| Kongzi Xian Ju: | Zi-xia said, '(It is said that) the virtue of the kings (who founded the) three dynasties was equal to that of heaven and earth; allow me to ask of what nature that virtue was which could be said to put its possessors on an equality with heaven and earth.' Confucius said, 'They reverently displayed the Three Impartialities, while they comforted all beneath the sky under the toils which they imposed.' | |
| 子夏曰：“敢问何谓三无私？”孔子曰：“天无私覆，地无私载，日月无私照。奉斯三者以劳天下，此之谓三无私。其在《诗》曰：‘帝命不违，至于汤齐。汤降不迟，圣敬日齐。昭假迟迟，上帝是祗。帝命式于九围。’是汤之德也。 | ||
| Zi-xia said, 'Allow me to ask what you call the "Three Impartialities."' Confucius said, 'Heaven overspreads all without partiality; Earth sustains and contains all without partiality; the Sun and Moon shine on all without partiality. Reverently displaying these three characteristics and thereby comforting all under heaven under the toils which they imposed, is what is called "the Three Impartialities." It is said in the Book of Poetry (IV, iii, ode 4, 3), "God in His favour Tang's House would not leave, And then Tang rose that favour to receive. Tang's birth was not from Xie too far removed, His sagely reverence daily greater proved. For long to Heaven his brilliant influence rose, And while his acts the fear of God disclose, God Tang as model fit for the nine regions chose" - such was the virtue of Tang. | ||
| “天有四时，春秋冬夏，风雨霜露，无非教也。地载神气，神气风霆，风霆流形，庶物露生，无非教也。清明在躬，气志如神，嗜欲将至，有开必先。天降时雨，山川出云。其在《诗》曰：‘嵩高惟岳，峻极于天。惟岳降神，生甫及申。惟申及甫，惟周之翰。四国于蕃，四方于宣。’此文武之德也。三代之王也，必先令闻，《诗》云：‘明明天子，令闻不已。’三代之德也。‘弛其文德，协此四国。’大王之德也。”子夏蹶然而起，负墙而立曰：“弟子敢不承乎！” | ||
| 'To Heaven belong the four seasons, spring, autumn, winter, summer, with wind, rain, hoar-frost, and dew;--(in the action) of all and each of these there is a lesson. Earth contains the mysterious energy (of nature). That mysterious energy (produces) the wind and thunder-clap. By the wind and thunder-clap the (seeds of) forms are carried abroad, and the various things show the appearance of life - in all and each of these things there is a lesson. When the personal character is pure and bright, the spirit and mind are like those of a spiritual being. When what such an one desires is about to come, there are sure to be premonitions of it in advance, (as when) Heaven sends down the seasonable rains, and the hills produce the clouds. As it is said in the Book of Poetry (III, iii, ode 5, 1), "How grand and high, with hugest bulk, arise. Those southern hills whose summits touch the skies! Down from them came a Spirit to the earth, And to the sires of Fu and Shan gave birth. In those two states our Zhou a bulwark has, O'er which the southern foemen dare not pass, And all its states they screen, and through them spread. Lessons of virtue, by themselves displayed" - such was the virtue of (kings) Wen and Wu. As to the kings (who founded) the three dynasties, it was necessary that they should be preceded by the fame of their forefathers. As it is said in the Book of Poetry (III, iii, ode 8, 6), "Very intelligent were the sons of Heaven, Their good fame was without end" - such was the virtue of (the founders) of the three dynasties. (And again), "He displayed his civil virtues, And they permeated all parts of the kingdom" - such was the virtue of king Tai.' Zi-xia rose up with a sudden joy, and, standing with his back to the wall, said, 'Your disciple dares not but receive (your instructions) with reverence.' |
《春秋繁露 - Chun Qiu Fan Lu》 | [Western Han (206 BC - 9)] Dong Zhong Shu | Books referencing 《春秋繁露》 Library Resources Related resources |
《竹林》 | Library Resources |
| 1 | 竹林: | 《春秋》之常辞也，不予夷狄而予中国为礼，到之战，偏然反之，何也？曰：《春秋》无通辞，从变而移。今晋变而为夷狄，楚变而为君子，故移其辞以从其事。夫庄王之舍郑，有可贵之美，晋人不知其善，而欲击之。所救已解，如挑与之战，此无善善之心，而轻救民之意也，是以贱之。而不使得与贤者为礼。秦穆侮蹇叔而大败。郑文轻众而丧师。《春秋》之敬贤重民如是。是故战攻侵伐，虽数百起，必一二书，伤其害所重也。问者曰：其书战伐甚谨。其恶战伐无辞，何也？曰：会同之事，大者主小；战伐之事，后者主先。苟不恶，何为使起之者居下。是其恶战伐之且《春秋》之法，凶年不修旧，意在无苦民尔。苦民尚恶之。况伤民乎？伤民尚痛之，况杀民乎？故曰：凶年旧则讥。造邑则讳。是害民之小者，恶之小也；害民之大者，恶之大也。今战伐之于民，其为害几何？考意而观指，则《春秋》之所恶者，不任德而任力，驱民而残贼之。其所好者，设而勿用，仁义以服之也。诗云：“弛其文德，洽此四国。”《春秋》之所善也。夫德不足以亲近，而文不足以来远，而断断以战伐为之者，此固《春秋》之所甚疾已，皆非义也。难者曰：《春秋》之书战伐也，有恶有善也。恶诈击而善偏战，奈何以《春秋》为无义战而尽恶之也？曰：凡《春秋》之记灾异也，虽有数茎，犹谓之无麦苗也。今天下之大，三百年之久，战攻侵攻不可胜数，而复者有二焉。是何以异于无麦苗之有数茎哉？不足以难之，故谓之无义战也。以无义战为不可，则无麦苗亦不可也；以无麦苗为可，则无义战亦可矣。若《春秋》之于偏战也，善其偏，不善其战，有以效其然也。《春秋》爱人，而战者杀人，君子奚说善杀其所爱哉？故《春秋》之于偏战也，犹其于诸夏也。引之鲁，则谓之外；引之夷狄，则谓之内。比之诈战，则谓之义；比之不战，则谓之不义。故盟不如不盟。然而有所谓善盟。战不如不战，然而有所谓善战。不义之中有义，义之中有不义。辞不能及，皆在于指，非精心达思者，其孰能知之。《诗》云：“棠棣之华，偏其反而。岂不尔思？室是远而。”孔子曰：“未之思，夫何远之有！”由是观之。见其指者，不任其辞。不任其辞，然后可与适道矣。 |
《韩诗外传 - Han Shi Wai Zhuan》 | [Western Han] 180 BC-120 BC | Books referencing 《韩诗外传》 Library Resources |
《卷五》 | Books referencing 《卷五》 Library Resources |
| 24 | 卷五: | 天有四时：春夏秋冬，风雨霜露，无非教也。清明在躬，气志如神，嗜欲将至，有开必先。天降时雨，山川出云。《诗》曰：“崧高维岳，骏极于天。维岳降神，生甫及申。维申及甫，维周之翰。四国于蕃，四方于宣。”此文武之德也。三代之王也，必先其令名。《诗》曰：“明明天子，令闻不己。矢其文德，洽此四国。”此大王之德也。 |
《孔子家语 - Kongzi Jiayu》 | [Han (206 BC - 220)] | Books referencing 《孔子家语》 Library Resources |
《问玉》 | Library Resources |
| 2 | 问玉: | 孔子曰：“入其国，其教可知也：其为人也，温柔敦厚，《诗》教也；䟽通知远，《书》教也；广博易良，《乐》教也；洁静精微，《易》教也；恭俭庄敬，《礼》教也；属辞比事，《春秋》教也。故《诗》之失愚，《书》之失诬。《乐》之失奢，《易》之失贼，《礼》之失烦，《春秋》之失乱。其为人温柔敦厚而不愚，则深于《诗》者矣；䟽通知远而不诬，则深于《书》者矣；广博易良而不奢，则深于《乐》者矣；洁静精微而不贼，则深于《易》者矣；恭俭庄敬而不烦，则深于《礼》者矣；属辞比事而不乱，则深于《春秋》者矣。天有四时，春夏秋冬，风雨霜露，无非教也。地载神气，吐纳雷霆，流形庶物，无非教也。清明在躬，气志如神，有物将至，其兆必先。是故天地之教，与圣人相参。其在《诗》曰：‘嵩高惟岳，峻极于天。惟岳降神，生甫及申。惟申及甫，惟周之翰。四国于蕃，四方于宣。’此文武之德也。矢其文德，恊此四国，此文王之德也。凡三代之王，必先其令问。《诗》云：‘明明天子，令问不已。’三代之德也。” |
《经典文献 - Ancient Classics》 | Related resources |
《诗经 - Book of Poetry》 | [Western Zhou (1046 BC - 771 BC)] | Books referencing 《诗经》 Library Resources Source Related resources |
《大雅 - Greater odes of the kingdom》 | Books referencing 《大雅》 Library Resources |
《荡之什 - Decade Of Dang》 | Library Resources |
《江汉 - Jiang Han》 | English translation: James Legge [?] | Books referencing 《江汉》 Library Resources |
| 6 | 江汉: |
虎拜稽首、对扬王休、作召公考、天子万寿。 明明天子、令闻不已、矢其文德、洽此四国。 |
| Jiang Han: |
Hu bowed with his head to the ground, And in response displayed the goodness of the king, And roused himself to maintain the fame of his ancestor. 'May the Son of Heaven live for ever! Very intelligent is the Son of Heaven; His good fame shall be without end. Let him display his civil virtues, Till they permeate all quarters of the kingdom. |
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