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| Condition 1: References "項羽季父也，素善留侯張良" Matched:4. |
| Total 4 paragraphs. Page 1 of 1. |
《先秦兩漢 - Pre-Qin and Han》 | Related resources |
《史書 - Histories》 | Related resources |
《史記 - Shiji》 | [Western Han] 109 BC-91 BC Sima Qian | Books referencing 《史記》 Library Resources Source Related resources |
《本紀 - Annals》 | Library Resources |
《項羽本紀 - Annals of Xiang Yu》 | English translation: ctext.org users [?] | Books referencing 《項羽本紀》 Library Resources |
| 17 | 項羽本紀: | 楚左尹項伯者，項羽季父也，素善留侯張良。張良是時從沛公，項伯乃夜馳之沛公軍，私見張良，具告以事，欲呼張良與俱去。曰：「毋從俱死也。」張良曰：「臣為韓王送沛公，沛公今事有急，亡去不義，不可不語。」良乃入，具告沛公。沛公大驚，曰：「為之柰何？」張良曰：「誰為大王為此計者？」曰：「鯫生說我曰『距關，毋內諸侯，秦地可盡王也』。故聽之。」良曰：「料大王士卒足以當項王乎？」沛公默然，曰：「固不如也，且為之柰何？」張良曰：「請往謂項伯，言沛公不敢背項王也。」沛公曰：「君安與項伯有故？」張良曰：「秦時與臣游，項伯殺人，臣活之。今事有急，故幸來告良。」沛公曰「孰與君少長？」良曰：「長於臣。」沛公曰「君為我呼入，吾得兄事之。」張良出，要項伯。項伯即入見沛公。沛公奉卮酒為壽，約為婚姻，曰：「吾入關，秋豪不敢有所近，籍吏民，封府庫，而待將軍。所以遣將守關者，備他盜之出入與非常也。日夜望將軍至，豈敢反乎！願伯具言臣之不敢倍德也。」項伯許諾。謂沛公曰：「旦日不可不蚤自來謝項王。」沛公曰：「諾。」於是項伯復夜去，至軍中，具以沛公言報項王。因言曰：「沛公不先破關中，公豈敢入乎？今人有大功而擊之，不義也，不如因善遇之。」項王許諾。 |
| Annals of Xiang Yu: |
Chu's Chief Minister of the Left Xiang Bo, Xiang Yu's uncle, was a friend of Zhang Liang, Marquis of Liu. Zhang Liang worked for Pei Gong at the time. Xiang Bo hence rode to Pei Gong's camp under the cover of the night, met Zhang Liang privately, told him about the assault and asked him to escape, saying: "You will die if you stay." Liang said: "I was appointed as Pei Gong's servant by the king of Han. Now that Pei Gong is in danger, it is not justifiable for me to escape. I have to warn him." So Liang came to Pei Gong and told him everything. Pei Gong was surprised and scared, he said: "What should I do?" Liang asked: "Who gave you the idea?" Pei Gong said: "Someone told me to guard the pass and keep off other lords in order to be king of the Qin territory. I took that advice." Liang asked: "Can your troops rival King Xiang?" Pei Gong remained silent for a while, and then said: "Of course we cannot, what should I do?" Liang said: "Please go and tell Xiang Bo that you dare not betray King Xiang." Pei Gong asked: "How do you know Xiang Bo?" Liang answered: "We were old friends in the Qin times, he was guilty to murder and I saved his life. So today he came to save mine in emergency." Pei Gong asked: "Who of you is elder?" Liang said: "He is elder than me." Pei Gong said: "Call him in for me. I will treat him as elder brother." Zhang Liang went out and invited Xiang Bo. So Xiang Bo came in to see Pei Gong. Pei Gong honored him with a toast and promised him a marriage, saying: "After I came to Guanzhong, I dare not touch anything. I recorded officers and citizens [of the city], sealed the treasury, waiting for the general (Xiang Yu). I guarded the pass only to restrain bandits and for security. I have been expecting the general day and night, how could I betray him? Please tell the general that I dare not do such unvirtuous things!" Xiang Bo promised, he said to Pei Gong: "Tomorrow you have to apologize to King Xiang early." Pei Gong said: "Yes." So Xiang Bo rode back to the camp (of King Xiang) in the night, and told King Xiang what Pei Gong had said. Xiang Bo said: "If it were not for Pei Gong, how could you so easily come to Guanzhong? It is not a noble thing to kill a man of merit. We had better treat him well." King Xiang agreed. |
《漢書 - Han Shu》 | [Xin - Eastern Han] 36-111 | Books referencing 《漢書》 Library Resources |
《紀》 | Library Resources |
《高帝紀》 | Books referencing 《高帝紀》 Library Resources |
《高帝紀上》 | Books referencing 《高帝紀上》 Library Resources |
| 26 | 高帝紀上: | 或說沛公曰：「秦富十倍天下，地形彊。今聞章邯降項羽，羽號曰雍王，王關中。即來，沛公恐不得有此。可急使守函谷關，毋內諸侯軍，稍徵關中兵以自益，距之。」沛公然其計，從之。十二月，項羽果帥諸侯兵欲西入關，關門閉。聞沛公已定關中，羽大怒，使黥布等攻破函谷關，遂至戲下。沛公左司馬曹毋傷聞羽怒，欲攻沛公，使人言羽曰：「沛公欲王關中，令子嬰相，珍寶盡有之。」欲以求封。亞父范增說羽曰：「沛公居山東時，貪財好色，今聞其入關，珍物無所取，婦女無所幸，此其志不小。吾使人望其氣，皆為龍，成五色，此天子氣。急擊之，勿失。」於是饗士，旦日合戰。是時，羽兵四十萬，號百萬。沛公兵十萬，號二十萬，力不敵。會羽季父左尹項伯素善張良，夜馳見張良，具告其實，欲與俱去，毋特俱死。良曰：「臣為韓王送沛公，不可不告，亡去不義。」乃與項伯俱見沛公。沛公與伯約為婚姻，曰：「吾入關，秋豪無所敢取，籍吏民，封府庫，待將軍。所以守關者，備他盜也。日夜望將軍到，豈敢反邪！願伯明言不敢背德。」項伯許諾，即夜復去。戒沛公曰：「旦日不可不早自來謝。」項伯還，具以沛公言告羽，因曰：「沛公不先破關中兵，公巨能入乎？且人有大功，擊之不祥，不如因善之。」羽許諾。 |
《傳》 | Library Resources |
《陳勝項籍傳》 | Library Resources |
| 36 | 陳勝項籍... : | 至函谷關，有兵守，不得入。聞沛公已屠咸陽，羽大怒，使當陽君擊關。羽遂入，至戲西鴻門，聞沛公欲王關中，獨有秦府庫珍寶。亞父范增亦大怒，勸羽擊沛公。饗士，旦日合戰。羽季父項伯素善張良。良時從沛公，項伯夜以語良。良與俱見沛公，因伯自解於羽。明日，沛公從百餘騎至鴻門謝羽，自陳「封秦府庫，還軍霸上以待大王，閉關以備他盜，不敢背德。」羽意既解，范增欲害沛公，賴張良、樊噲得免。語在高紀。 |
《前漢紀 - Qian Han Ji》 | [Eastern Han] 198-200 | Books referencing 《前漢紀》 Library Resources |
《高祖皇帝紀二》 | Library Resources |
| 1 | 高祖皇帝... : | 漢元年冬十月。五星聚于東井。從歲星也。東井。秦之分野。五星所聚。是謂易行。有德者昌。無德者殃。沛公至霸上。秦王子嬰素車白馬。繫頸以組。奉皇帝璽降于軹道旁。沛公執之以屬吏。於是秦遂亡矣。本傳曰。賈生之過秦曰。秦孝公據崤函之固。擁雍州之地。君臣固守以闚周室。有席卷天下并吞八荒之心。當此之時。商君佐之。內立法度。務耕織。修守戰之備。外連橫而鬥諸侯。於是秦人拱手而取西河之外。及惠文武昭襄。蒙故業。因遺策。南取漢中。西取巴蜀。東割膏腴之地。收要害之郡。諸侯恐懼。會盟而謀弱秦。合從締交。相與為一。常以十倍之地。百萬之軍。仰關而攻秦。秦人開關延敵。九國之師。逡巡而不敢進。秦無亡矢遺鏃之費。而天下已困矣。於是從散約敗。爭割地而賂秦。秦有餘力而制其弊。追亡逐北。伏尸百萬。流血漂櫓。因利乘便。宰割天下。分裂山河。彊國請伏。弱國入朝。及至始皇。奮六世之餘烈。振長策而御宇內。吞二周而亡諸侯。履至尊而制六合。南取北粵之地。以為桂林象郡。百越之君。頫首繫頸。委命下吏。乃使蒙恬。北築長城而守藩籬。郤匈奴七百餘里。然後踐華為城。因河為池。據億丈之峻。臨不測之深以為固。良將勁弩。守要害之地。信臣精卒。陳利兵而誰何。天下已定。始皇之心。自以關中之固。萬世之業也。於是廢先王之典。焚百家之言。以威力為至道。以權詐為要術。百姓失望。而天下懷怨矣。故陳涉起於行陣之間。將數萬之眾。轉鬥而攻秦。斬木為兵。揭竿為旗。天下雲合響應。贏糧而影從。山東豪傑。並起而亡秦族矣。夫秦以區區之地。致萬乘之權。然後以六合為家。崤函為宮。一夫作難。而七廟隳。身死人手。為天下笑者。何也。仁義不施。而攻守之勢異也。沛公入咸陽。宮室婦女珍寶犬馬之飾甚盛。欲留之。張良諫沛公曰。秦為無道。故使沛公得至於此。今始至秦。即安其樂。此助桀為虐也。乃還軍霸上。諸將皆爭取秦寶貨。蕭何獨悉收秦圖書。十有一月。沛公與秦人約法三章。殺人者死，傷人者刑，及盜抵罪。吏人皆安堵如故。民爭獻牛酒。又讓不受。於是民知德義矣。沛公乃遣兵距關。欲王關中。是時項羽率諸侯兵四十萬眾。號百萬眾。西至新安。卒心不服出怨言。羽乃夜擊之。坑秦降卒二十餘萬人。十有二月。遂至鴻門。欲擊沛公。項羽季父項伯告張良令出。良曰。今事急亡去則不義。乃告沛公。令見項伯。自解于項羽。沛公遂見羽於鴻門。亞父范增欲擊沛公。羽不聽。范增謂項莊曰。汝入以劍舞。因擊沛公。項莊既舞。項伯常以身蔽沛公。於是甚急。賢成君樊噲聞之。杖劍楯衝門而入。立於帳下。羽曰。壯士哉。賜之卮酒豚肩。既飲酒。拔劍切肉。肉盡。因責讓羽曰。沛公先定關中。以待大王。今大王聽讒臣之言。乃欲誅沛公。臣恐天下解心疑大王也。所以遣兵守關者。以備他盜也。羽默然。遂無誅。沛公乃還霸上。范增怒曰。吾屬今為沛公虜矣。羽遂殺子嬰。收其寶貨婦女而東。燒秦宮室。火三月不滅。韓生說羽令都關中。羽曰。富貴不歸故鄉。如衣錦夜行。韓生曰。人謂楚人曰沐猴而冠。果然。羽聞之怒。殺韓生。羽所過殘賊。秦人失望。春正月。羽陽尊懷王為義帝。徙之長沙。都郴。羽自立為西楚霸王。王梁楚地九郡。都彭城。立沛公為漢王。王巴蜀漢中四十一縣。都南鄭。三分關中。立秦三將。章邯為雍王。司馬忻為塞王。董翳為翟王。黥布為九江王。徙趙王歇為代王。立張耳為常山王。徙魏王豹為西魏王。徙燕王廣為遼東王。燕將臧荼為燕王。徙齊王市為膠東王。齊將田都為齊王。趙將司馬邛數有功。立為殷王。瑕丘申陽先下河南。迎楚王於河上。立陽為河南王。吳芮率百越佐諸侯。立芮為衡山王。義帝柱國共敖。別將擊河南功多。立敖為臨江王。舊齊王建之孫田安。初以濟北數城降。立為濟北王。田榮背項梁。陳餘不從入關。故皆不王。然素聞餘賢。封南皮三縣為鄱君。別將枚鋗功多。封十萬戶侯。夏四月。諸侯皆就國。漢王欲叛楚。蕭何諫曰。雖王漢中之惡。不猶愈於死乎。且語稱天漢。其稱甚美。夫能屈於一人之下。則伸於萬人之上。湯武是也。願大王王漢。撫其民以致賢人。收用巴蜀。還定三秦。天下可圖也。乃就國。賜曹參爵為建成侯。樊噲為臨武侯。張良燒絕棧道。示無還心。良因絕棧道而還於韓。於是沛公遂至南鄭。封呂公為臨泗侯。淮陰人韓信為治粟都尉。初。信家貧。常寄食於下鄉亭長。亭長妻厭之。乃自絕而去。釣於下邳城下。有漂母憐信。食信數十日。信曰。富貴我必厚報母。母怒曰。大丈夫不能自食。吾豈求報乎。淮陰市有少年眾辱信曰。能死殺我。不能死出我跨下。信遂俛而出其跨下。市人大笑之。信母死。家貧無以葬。乃行營高敞葬地。令其傍可置萬家者。後事項羽為郎中。羽不能用而去。歸於漢。坐事當斬。已伏鑕。仰視乃見夏侯嬰曰。王不欲取天下邪。而斬壯士。太僕嬰言之於王。赦之不誅。以為都尉。蕭何知其賢。王不能用。信亡。蕭何遽自追之。不及以聞。三日乃至。王怒曰。何之。何曰。追亡者耳。王曰。諸將亡者十輩。公無所追。追信。詐也。何曰。諸將易得耳。大王必欲定天下。非信無可用者。王乃以為大將軍。何曰。大王性素慢人。每拜大將軍。若召小兒。此信所以去也。宜立壇場。齋七日。設九賓禮而拜之。既拜信。眾咸驚焉。信見王曰。今東向爭天下。豈非項王也。王曰然。信曰。大王自料勇悍仁彊孰與項王。王曰。不如也。信再拜曰。唯信亦以為大王不如也。然項王喑嗚叱吒。千人皆靡。然不能屬任賢將。此特匹夫之勇耳。項王與人恭敬。人有疾病。流涕與之分食。至於封賞。吝而不能與。此特匹婦之仁耳。雖王天下。不居關中。都彭城。又背義帝約。而以親疏王諸侯不平。所過無不殘滅。百姓不附。雖名為伯。實失天下心。故曰其強易弱。今大王誠能反其道。任天下武勇。何所不誅。以天下城邑封功臣。何所不服。以義兵從思東歸之士。何所不勝。且三秦王詐其眾降諸侯。項王詐坑秦降卒二十餘萬人。唯邯忻翳等三人得脫。秦人父兄怨此三人。痛入骨髓。大王入關。秋毫一無所取。除秦苛法。吏人無不欲得大王王秦。於諸侯之約。大王當王關中。王失職之蜀。秦人無有不恨者。今大王舉兵而東。三秦可傳檄而定也。於是王大喜。自以為得信晚也。五月。與韓信俱東。蕭何留守蜀。王進兵襲雍王章邯。敗走廢丘。令將軍樊噲圍之。王遂東。田榮怨項羽不肯王己。又不令市徙膠東。市畏楚。亡之國。六月。田榮殺市。自立為齊王。而擊田都。都亡走楚。田榮與彭越將軍印綬。令反徇梁地。越者。昌邑人也。初少年相聚百餘人。請越為長。與期會。十餘人後至。越曰。請斬最後至一人。眾皆笑曰。何至如是。越遂斬之。立約束而盟。徒屬皆驚而不敢仰視。後眾萬餘人在鉅野中無所屬。乃受榮印綬。擊殺濟北王安。榮遂并三齊之地。遼東王韓廣不肯徙之國。故燕王臧荼殺廣。并其地。塞王忻翟王翳來降。項王殺韓王成。以張良從漢入秦故也。以故吳令鄭昌為韓王。距漢。張良遺項羽書曰。漢失職之蜀。欲得關中。如約則止。不敢反也。又以齊反書遺羽曰。齊欲滅楚國。羽以故不南而北擊齊兵。九江王稱疾。遣四千人助楚。是歲實乙未也。 |
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