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| Condition 1: References "不識不知，順帝之則" Matched:17. |
| Total 17 paragraphs. Page 1 of 2. Jump to page 1 2 |
《先秦兩漢 - Pre-Qin and Han》 | Related resources |
《儒家 - Confucianism》 | Related resources |
《荀子 - Xunzi》 | [Warring States (475 BC - 221 BC)] | Books referencing 《荀子》 Library Resources Related resources |
《脩身》 | Books referencing 《脩身》 Library Resources |
| 10 | 脩身: | 禮者、所以正身也，師者、所以正禮也。無禮何以正身？無師吾安知禮之為是也？禮然而然，則是情安禮也；師云而云，則是知若師也。情安禮，知若師，則是聖人也。故非禮，是無法也；非師，是無師也。不是師法，而好自用，譬之是猶以盲辨色，以聾辨聲也，舍亂妄無為也。故學也者，禮法也。夫師、以身為正儀，而貴自安者也。《詩》云：「不識不知，順帝之則。」此之謂也。 |
《春秋繁露 - Chun Qiu Fan Lu》 | [Western Han (206 BC - 9)] Dong Zhong Shu | Books referencing 《春秋繁露》 Library Resources Related resources |
《煖燠常多》 | Library Resources |
| 1 | 煖燠常多: | 天之道，出陽為煖以生之，出陰為清以成之。是故非薰也不能有育，非溧也不能有熟，歲之精也。知心而不省薰與溧孰多者，用之必與天戾。與天戾，雖勞不成。是自正月至於十月，而天之功畢。計其間，陰與陽各居幾何，薰與溧其日孰多。距物之初生，至其畢成，露與霜其下孰倍。故從中春至於秋，氣溫柔和調。及季秋九月，陰乃始多於陽，天於是時出溧下霜。出溧下霜，而天降物固已皆成矣。故九月者，天之功大究於是月也，十月而悉畢。故案其跡，數其實，清溧之日少少耳。功已畢成之後，陰乃大出。天之成功也，少陰與而太陰不與，少陰在內而太陰在外。故霜加於物，而雪加於空，空者地而已，不逮物也。功已畢成之後，物未複生之前，太陰之所當出也。雖曰陰，亦以太陽資化其位，而不知所受之。故聖主在上位，天覆地載，風令雨施。雨施者，布德均也；風令者，言令直也。《詩》云：「識不知，順帝之則。」言弗能知識，而效天之所為云爾。禹水湯旱，非常經也，適遭世氣之變，而陰陽失平。堯視民如子，民視堯如父母。《尚書》曰：「二下有八載，放動乃殂落，百姓如喪考妣。四海之內，於密八音三年。」三年陽氣於陰，陰氣大同，此禹所以有水名也。桀，天下之殘賊也；湯，天下之盛德也。天睛除殘賊而得盛德大善者再，是重陽也，故湯有旱之名。皆適遭之變，非禹湯之過。毋以適遭之變疑平生之常，則所守不失，則正道益明。 |
《韓詩外傳 - Han Shi Wai Zhuan》 | [Western Han] 180 BC-120 BC | Books referencing 《韓詩外傳》 Library Resources |
《卷五》 | Books referencing 《卷五》 Library Resources |
| 10 | 卷五: | 禮者、則天地之體，因人情而為之節文者也。無禮，何以正身？無師、安知禮之是也。禮然而然，是情安於禮也；師云而云，是知若師也。情安禮，知若師，則是君子之道。言中倫，行中理，天下順矣。《詩》曰：「不識不知，順帝之則。」 |
《新書 - Xin Shu》 | [Western Han (206 BC - 9)] Jia Yi | Books referencing 《新書》 Library Resources |
《卷七》 | Library Resources |
《君道》 | Library Resources |
| 3 | 君道: | 《詩》曰：「濟濟多士，文王以寧。」言輔翼賢正，則身必安也。又曰：「弗識弗知，順帝之則。」言士民說其德義，則效而象之也。文王志之所在，意之所欲，百姓不愛其死，不憚其勞，從之如集。《詩》曰：「經始靈臺，庶民攻之，不日成之，經始勿亟，庶民子來。」文王有志為臺，令近境之民聞之者裹糧而至，問業而作之，日日以眾，故弗趨而疾，弗期而成，命其臺曰靈臺，命其囿曰靈囿，謂其沼曰靈沼，愛敬之至也。《詩》曰：「王在靈囿，麀鹿攸伏，麀鹿濯濯，白鳥皜皜，王在靈沼，於仞魚躍。」文王之澤，下被禽獸，洽于魚鱉，故禽獸魚鱉攸若攸樂，而況士民乎！ |
《墨家 - Mohism》 | Related resources |
《墨子 - Mozi》 | [Spring and Autumn - Warring States] 490 BC-221 BC | Books referencing 《墨子》 Library Resources Introduction Source Related resources |
《卷七 - Book 7》 | English translation: W. P. Mei [?] | Library Resources |
《天志中 - Will of Heaven II》 | English translation: W. P. Mei [?] | Library Resources |
| 8 | 天志中: |
且吾所以知天之愛民之厚者，不止此而已矣。曰愛人利人，順天之意，得天之賞者有之；憎人 賊人1，反天之意，得天之罰者亦有矣。夫愛人利人，順天之意，得天之賞者誰也？曰若昔三代聖王，堯舜禹湯文武者是也。堯舜禹湯文武焉所從事？曰從事兼，不從事別。兼者，處大國不攻小國， 處2大家不亂小家，強不劫弱，眾不暴寡，詐不謀愚，貴不傲賤。觀其事，上利乎天，中利乎鬼，下利乎人，三利無所不利，是謂天德。聚斂天下之美名而加之焉，曰：此仁也，義也，愛人利人，順天之意，得天之賞者也。不止此而已，書於竹帛，鏤之金石，琢之槃盂，傳遺後世子孫。曰將何以為？將以識夫愛人利人，順天之意，得天之賞者也。皇矣道之曰：『帝謂文王，予懷明德，不大聲以色，不長夏以革，不識不知，順帝之則。』帝善其順法則也，故舉殷以賞之，使貴為天子，富有天下，名譽至今不息。故夫愛人利人，順天之意，得天之賞者，既可得留而已。夫憎人賊人，反天之意，得天之罰者誰也？曰若昔者三代暴王桀紂幽厲者是也。桀紂幽厲焉所從事？曰從事別，不從事兼。別者，處大國則攻小國，處大家則亂小家，強劫弱，眾暴寡，詐謀愚，貴傲賤。觀其事，上不利乎天，中不利乎鬼，下不利乎人，三不利無所利，是謂天賊。聚斂天下之醜名而加之焉，曰此非仁也，非義也。憎人賊人，反天之意，得天之罰者也。不止此而已，又書其事於竹帛，鏤之金石，琢之槃盂，傳遺後世子孫。曰將何以為？將以識夫憎人賊人，反天之意，得天之罰者也。大誓之道之曰：『紂越厥夷居，不肯事上帝，棄厥先神祇不祀，乃曰吾有命，毋廖𠏿務 天下3。天亦縱棄紂而不葆。』察天以縱棄紂而不葆者，反天之意也。故夫憎人賊人，反天之意，得天之罰者，既可得而知也。」 |
| Will of Heaven II: |
This is still not all by which I know Heaven loves man dearly. There are those who love the people and benefit the people and obey the will of Heaven and obtain reward from Heaven. There are also those who hate the people and oppress the people and oppose the will of Heaven and incur punishment from Heaven. Who are those that love the people and benefit the people, obey the will of Heaven and obtain reward from Heaven? They are the ancient sage-kings of the Three Dynasties, Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, and Wu. What did Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, and Wu do? They engaged themselves in universality and not partiality (in love). Loving universally, they did not attack the small states with their large states, they did not molest the small houses with their large houses. The strong did not plunder the weak, the many did not oppress the few, the clever did not deceive the stupid, the honoured did not disdain the humble. Such a regime was agreeable to Heaven above, to the spirits in the middle sphere, and to the people below. Being helpful to these three, it was helpful to all. And this was Heavenly virtue. The most excellent names in the world were gathered and attributed to them, and they were called magnanimous, righteous, beloved of man and beneficial to the people, obedient to the will of Heaven and rewarded of Heaven. Besides this, it is also recorded on the bamboos and silk, cut in metals and stones, and engraved on the dishes and cups to be handed down to posterity. What is this for? It is to mark out those who loved the people and benefited them, obeyed the will of Heaven and obtained reward from Heaven. Thus the ode of Huang Yi says: "God said to King Wen, 'I cherish your intelligent virtue. It was not proclaimed with much noise or gesture. It was not modified after the possession of the empire. How instructively and naturally submissive to the scheme of Heaven!'" Because he was obedient to God's scheme, He rewarded him with Yin and honoured him to be emperor and enriched him with the empire. And his fame is not forgotten even unto this day. Hence we are enabled to know who are those that loved the people and benefited them, obeyed the will of Heaven and obtained reward from Heaven. Now, who are those that hated the people and oppressed them, opposed the will of Heaven and incurred punishment from Heaven? They are the ancient wicked kings of the Three Dynasties, Jie, Zhou, You, and Li. What did they do? They were selfish and ungenerous. Being selfish they attacked the small states with their large states, they molested the small houses with their large houses. The strong plundered the weak, the many oppressed the few, the clever deceived the ignorant, the honoured disdained the humble. Such a regime was not helpful to Heaven above, to the spirits in the middle sphere, or to the people below. Since it was not helpful to these three it was helpful to none. And they were called the enemies of Heaven. The most evil names in the world were gathered and attributed to them, and they were called unmagnanimous, unrighteous, haters of man and oppressors of the people, disobedient to the will of Heaven and punished by Heaven. Besides this, it is also recorded on the bamboos and silk, cut in the metals and stones, and engraved on the plates and cups to be handed down to posterity. What is this for? It is to mark out those that hated the people and oppressed them, opposed the will of Heaven and incurred punishment from Heaven. Thus relates the "Great Declaration": "Zhou went beyond the proper limits and became insolent. He would not worship God and pushed away the ancestors and spirits without offering them sacrifices. And he said: 'Fortune is with me,' and neglected and betrayed his duty. Heaven thereupon deserted him and withdrew its protection." Heaven deserted Zhou and withdrew its support because Zhou opposed the will of Heaven. Hence we are enabled to know who are those that hated the people and oppressed them, opposed the will of Heaven and incurred punishment from Heaven. 1. 賊人 : Inserted. 孫詒讓《墨子閒詁》 |
《天志下 - Will of Heaven III》 | English translation: W. P. Mei [?] | Library Resources |
| 8 | 天志下: | 故子墨子置天之，以為儀法。非獨子墨子以天之志為法也，於先王之書大夏之道之然：「帝謂文王，予懷而明德，毋大聲以色，毋長夏以革，不識不知，順帝之則。」此誥文王之以天志為法也，而順帝之則也。且今天下之士君子，中實將欲為仁義，求為上士，上欲中聖王之道，下欲中國家百姓之利者，當天之志，而不可不察也。天之志者，義之經也。 |
| Will of Heaven III: | Therefore Mozi established the will of Heaven to be the standard. Not only Mozi established the will of Heaven to be the standard, it is also the theme of an ode in the "Da Ya" among the books of the ancient kings: "God said to King Wen, 'I cherish your intelligent virtue. It was not proclaimed with much noise or gesture. It was not modified after the possession of the empire. Instinctively and naturally submissive to the scheme of God.'" This is to proclaim that King Wen used the will of Heaven as standard and was submissive to God's scheme. If the gentlemen of the world really desire to practise magnanimity and righteousness and be superior men, seeking to attain the way of the sage-kings on the one hand and to procure blessings to the people on the other, they must not neglect to understand the will of Heaven. The will of Heaven is truly the standard of righteousness. |
《道家 - Daoism》 | Related resources |
《列子 - Liezi》 | [Warring States (475 BC - 221 BC)] | Books referencing 《列子》 Library Resources Source Related resources |
《仲尼》 | Books referencing 《仲尼》 Library Resources |
| 15 | 仲尼: | 堯治天下五十年，不知天下治歟，不治歟？不知億兆之願戴己歟，不願戴己歟？顧問左右，左右不知。問外朝，外朝不知。問在野，在野不知。堯乃微服游於康衢，聞兒童謠曰：「立我蒸民，莫匪爾極。不識不知，順帝之則。」堯喜問曰：「誰教爾為此言？」童兒曰：「我聞之大夫。」問大夫，大夫曰：「古詩也。」堯還宮，召舜，因禪以天下。舜不辭而受之。 |
《雜家 - Miscellaneous Schools》 | Related resources |
《淮南子 - Huainanzi》 | [Western Han (206 BC - 9)] | Books referencing 《淮南子》 Library Resources Source Related resources |
《詮言訓》 | Books referencing 《詮言訓》 Library Resources |
| 7 | 詮言訓: | 為善則觀，為不善則議；觀則生貴，議則生患。故道術不可以進而求名，而可以退而修身；不可以得利，而可以離害。故聖人不以行求名，不以智見譽。法修自然，己無所與。慮不勝數，行不勝德，事不勝道。為者有不成，求者有不得。人有窮而道無不通，與道爭則凶。故《詩》曰：「弗識弗知，順帝之則。」有智而無為，與無智者同道；有能而無事，與無能者同德。其智也，告之者至，然後覺其動也；使之者至，然後覺其為也。有智若無智，有能若無能，道理為正也。故功蓋天下，不施其美；澤及後世，不有其名。道理通而人偽滅也。 |
《史書 - Histories》 | Related resources |
《春秋左傳 - Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan》 | [Warring States] 468 BC-300 BC | Books referencing 《春秋左傳》 Library Resources Related resources |
《僖公》 | Library Resources |
《僖公九年》 | Books referencing 《僖公九年》 Library Resources |
| 2 | 僖公九年: | 九年，春，宋桓公卒，未葬，而襄公會諸侯，故曰子，凡在喪，王曰小童，公侯曰子。 |
| 夏，會于葵丘，尋盟，且脩好，禮也。 | ||
| 王使宰孔賜齊侯胙，曰，天子有事于文武，使孔賜伯舅胙，齊侯將下拜，孔曰，且有後命，天子使孔曰，以伯舅耋老，加勞賜一級，無下拜，對曰，天威不違顏咫尺，小白，余敢貪天子之命，無下拜，恐隕越于下，以遺天子羞，敢不下拜，下拜登受。 | ||
| 秋，齊侯盟諸侯于葵丘，曰，凡我同盟之人，既盟之後，言歸于好，宰孔先歸，遇晉侯曰，可無會也，齊侯不務德而勤遠略，故北伐山戎，南伐楚，西為此會也，東略之不知，西則否矣，其在亂乎，君務靖亂，無勤於行，晉侯乃還。 | ||
| 九月，晉獻公卒，里克、㔻鄭，欲納文公，故以三公子之徒作亂，初，獻公使荀息傅奚齊，公疾，召之曰，以是藐諸孤，辱在大夫，其若之何，稽首而對曰，臣竭其股肱之力，加之以忠貞，其濟，君之靈也，不濟，則以死繼之，公曰，何謂忠貞，對曰，公家之利，知無不為，忠也。送往事居，耦俱無猜，貞也。及里克將殺奚齊，先告荀息曰，三怨將作，秦晉輔之，子將何如，荀息曰，將死之，里克曰，無益也，荀叔曰，吾與先君言矣，不可以貳，能欲復言，而愛身乎，雖無益也。 | ||
| 將焉辟之，且人之欲善，誰不如我，我欲無貳，而能謂人已乎。 | ||
| 冬，十月，里克殺奚齊于次，書曰，殺其君之子，未葬也，荀息將死之，人曰，不如立卓子而輔之，荀息立公子卓以葬，十一月，里克殺公子卓于朝，荀息死之，君子曰，詩所謂白圭之玷，尚可磨也，斯言之玷，不可為也，荀息有焉。 | ||
| 齊侯以諸侯之師伐晉，及高梁而還，討晉亂也，令不及魯，故不書。 | ||
| 晉郤芮使夷吾重賂秦以求入，曰，人實有國，我何愛焉，入而能民，土於何有，從之，齊隰朋帥師會秦師，納晉惠公，秦伯謂郤芮曰，公子誰恃，對曰，臣聞亡人無黨，有黨必有讎，夷吾弱不好弄，能鬥不過，長亦不改，不識其他，公謂公孫枝曰，夷吾其定乎，對曰，臣聞之，唯則定國，詩曰，不識不知，順帝之則，文王之謂也，又曰，不僭不賊，鮮不為則，無好無惡，不忌不克之謂也，今其言多忌克，難哉，公曰，忌則多怨，又焉能克，是吾利也。 | ||
| 宋襄公即位，以公子目夷為仁，使為左師以聽政，於是宋治，故魚氏世為左師。 |
《襄公》 | Library Resources |
《襄公三十一年》 | Books referencing 《襄公三十一年》 Library Resources |
| 2 | 襄公三十... : | 三十一年，春，王正月，穆叔至自會，見孟孝伯，語之曰，趙孟將死矣，其語偷，不似民主，且年未盈五十，而諄諄焉如八九十者，弗能久矣，若趙孟死，為政者其韓子乎，吾子盍與季孫言之，可以樹善，君子也，晉君將失政矣，若不樹焉，使早備魯，既而政在大夫，韓子懦弱，大夫多貪，求欲無厭，齊楚未足與也，魯其懼哉，孝伯曰，人生幾何，誰能無偷，朝不及夕，將安用樹，穆叔出而告人曰，孟孫將死矣，吾語諸趙孟之偷也，而又甚焉，又與季孫語晉故，季孫不從，及趙文子卒，晉公室卑，政在侈家，韓宣子為政，不能圖諸侯，魯不堪晉求，讒慝弘多，是以有平丘之會。 |
| 齊子尾害閭丘嬰，欲殺之，使帥師以伐陽州，我問師故，夏，五月，子尾殺閭丘嬰以說于我，師工僂，灑渻灶，孔虺，賈寅，出奔莒，出群公子。 | ||
| 公作楚宮，穆叔曰，大誓云，民之所欲，天必從之，君欲楚也夫，故作其宮，若不復適楚，必死是宮也，六月，辛巳，公薨于楚宮，叔仲帶竊其拱璧以與御人，納諸其懷，而從取之，由是得罪，立胡女敬歸之子子野，次于季氏，秋，九月，癸巳卒，毀也。 | ||
| 己亥，孟孝伯卒，立敬歸之娣齊歸之子公子裯，穆叔不欲，曰，大子死，有母弟則立之，無則長立，年鈞擇賢，義鈞則卜，古之道也，非適嗣，何必娣之子，且是人也，居喪而不哀，在慼而有嘉容，是謂不度，不度之人，鮮不為患，若果立之，必為季氏憂，武子不聽，卒立之，比及葬，三易衰，衰衽如故衰，於是昭公十九年矣，猶有童心，君子是以知其不能終也。 | ||
| 冬，十月，滕成公來會葬，惰而多涕，子服惠伯曰，滕君將死矣，怠於其位，而哀已甚，兆於死所矣，能無從乎。 | ||
| 癸酉，葬襄公，公薨之月，子產相鄭伯以如晉，晉侯以我喪故，未之見也，子產使盡壞其館之垣，而納車馬焉，士文伯讓之曰，敝邑以政刑之不脩，寇盜充斥，無若諸侯之屬，辱在寡君者何，是以令吏人完客所館，高其閈閎，厚其牆垣，以無憂客使，今吾子壞之，雖從者能戒，其若異客何，以敝邑之為盟主，繕完葺牆，以待賓客，若皆毀之，其何以共命，寡君使丐請命，對曰，以敝邑褊小，介於大國，誅求無時，是以不敢寧居，悉索敝賦，以來會時事，逢執之不間，而未得見，又不獲聞命，未知見時，不敢輸幣，亦不敢暴露，其輸之，則君之府實也，非薦陳之，不敢輸也，其暴露之，則恐燥濕之不時，而朽蠹以重敝邑之罪，僑聞文公之為盟主也，宮室卑庳，無觀臺榭，以崇大諸侯之館，館如公寢，庫廄繕脩，司空以時平易道路，圬人以時塓館宮室，諸侯賓至，甸設庭燎，僕人巡宮，車馬有所，賓從有代，巾車脂轄，隸人牧圉，各瞻其事，百官之屬，各展其物，公不留賓，而亦無廢事，憂樂同之，事則巡之，教其不知，而恤其不足，賓至如歸，無寧菑患，不畏寇盜，而亦不患燥濕，今銅鞮之宮數里，而諸侯舍於隸人，門不容車，而不可踰越，盜賊公行，而夭厲不戒，賓見無時，命不可知，若又勿壞，是無所藏幣以重罪也，敢請執事，將何以命之，雖君之有魯喪，亦敝邑之憂也，若獲薦幣，脩垣而行，君之惠也，敢憚勤勞，文伯復命，趙文子曰，信我實不德，而以隸人之垣以贏諸侯，是吾罪也，使士文伯謝不敏焉，晉侯見鄭伯，有加禮，厚其宴好而歸之，乃築諸侯之館，叔向曰，辭之不可以已也如是夫，子產有辭，諸侯賴之，若之何其釋辭也，詩曰，辭之輯矣，民之協矣，辭之繹矣，民之莫矣，其知之矣。 | ||
| 鄭子皮使印段如楚，以適晉告，禮也。 | ||
| 莒犁比公生去疾，及展輿，既立展輿，又廢之，犁比公虐，國人患之，十一月，展輿因國人以攻莒子，弒之，乃立，去疾奔齊，齊出也，展輿吳出也，書曰，莒人弒其君買朱鉏，言罪之在也。 | ||
| 吳子使屈狐庸聘于晉，通路也，趙文子問焉，曰，延州來季子，其果立乎，巢隕諸樊，閽戕戴吳，天似啟之，何如，對曰，不立，是二王之命也，非啟季子也，若天所啟，其在今嗣君乎，甚德而度，德不失民，度不失事，民親而事有序，其天所啟也，有吳國者，必此君之子孫實終之，季子守節者也，雖有國不立。 | ||
| 十二月，北宮文子相衛襄公以如楚，宋之盟故也，過鄭，印段迋勞于棐林，如聘禮而以勞辭，文子入聘，子羽為行人，馮簡子與子大叔逆客，事畢而出，言於衛侯曰，鄭有禮，其數世之福也，其無大國之討乎，詩曰，誰能執熱，逝不以濯，禮之於政，如熱之有濯也，濯以救熱，何患之有，子產之從政也，擇能而使之，馮簡子能斷大事，子大叔美秀而文，公孫揮能知四國之為，而辨於其大夫之族姓，班位貴賤能否，而又善為辭令，裨諶能謀，謀於野則獲，謀於邑則否，鄭國將有諸侯之事，子產乃問四國之為於子羽，且使多為辭令，與裨諶乘以適野，使謀可否，而告馮簡子使斷之，事成，乃授子大叔使行之，以應對賓客，是以鮮有敗事，北宮文子所謂有禮也。 | ||
| 鄭人游于鄉校，以論執政，然明謂子產曰，毀鄉校何如，子產曰，何為，夫人朝夕退而游焉，以議執政之善否，其所善者，吾則行之，其所惡者，吾則改之，是吾師也，若之何毀之，我聞忠善以損怨，不聞作威以防怨，豈不遽止，然猶防川，大決所犯，傷人必多，吾不克救也，不如小決，使道不如，吾聞而藥之也，然明曰，蔑也今而後知吾子之信可事也，小人實不才，若果行此，其鄭國實賴之，豈唯二三臣，仲尼聞是語也，曰，以是觀之，人謂子產不仁，吾不信也。 | ||
| 子皮欲使尹何為邑，子產曰，少，未知可否，子皮曰，愿吾愛之，不吾叛也，使夫往而學焉，夫亦愈知治矣，子產曰，不可，人之愛人，求利之也，今吾子愛人則以政，猶未能操刀而使割也，其傷實多，子之愛人，傷之而已，其誰敢求愛於子，子於鄭國，棟也，棟折榱崩，僑將厭焉，敢不盡言，子有美錦，不使人學製焉，大官大邑，身之所庇也，而使學者製焉，其為美錦，不亦多乎，僑聞學而後入政，未聞以政學者也，若果行此，必有所害，譬如田獵，射御貫，則能獲禽，若未嘗登車射御，則敗績厭覆是懼，何暇思獲，子皮曰，善哉，虎不敏，吾聞君子務知大者遠者，小人務知小者近者，我小人也，衣服附在吾身，我知而慎之，大官大邑，所以庇身也，我遠而慢之，微子之言，吾不知也，他日，我曰子為鄭國，我為吾家，以庇焉其可也，今而後知不足，自今請雖吾家聽子而行，子產曰，人心之不同，如其面焉，吾豈敢謂子面如吾面乎，抑心所謂危，亦以告也，子皮以為忠，故委政焉，子產是以能為鄭國。 | ||
| 衛侯在楚，北宮文子見令尹圍之威儀，言於衛侯曰，令尹似君矣，將有他志，雖獲其志，不能終也，《詩》云：『靡不有初，鮮克有終。』終之實難，令尹其將不免，公曰，子何以知之，對曰，《詩》云：『敬慎威儀，惟民之則。』令尹無威儀，民無則焉，民所不則，以在民上，不可以終，公曰，善哉，何謂威儀，對曰，有威而可畏，謂之威，有儀而可象，謂之儀，君有君之威儀，其臣畏而愛之，則而象之，故能有其國家，令聞長世，臣有臣之威儀，其下畏而愛之，故能守其官職，保族宜家，順是以下，皆如是，是以上下能相固也，衛詩曰，威儀棣棣，不可選也，言君臣上下，父子兄弟，內外大小，皆有威儀也，周詩曰，朋友攸攝，攝以威儀，言朋友之道，必相教訓，以威儀也，周書數文王之德曰，大國畏其力，小國懷其德，言畏而愛之也，《詩》云：『不識不知，順帝之則。』言則而象之也，紂囚文王七年，諸侯皆從之囚，紂於是乎懼而歸之，可謂愛之，文王伐崇，再駕而降為臣，蠻夷帥服，可謂畏之，文王之功，天下誦而歌舞之，可謂則之，文王之行，至今為法，可謂象之，有威儀也，故君子在位可畏，施舍可愛，進退可度，周旋可則，容止可觀，作事可法，德行可象，聲氣可樂，動作有文，言語有章，以臨其下，謂之有威儀也。 |
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