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| Condition 1: References "弛其文德，協此四國" Matched:5. |
| Total 5 paragraphs. Page 1 of 1. |
《先秦兩漢 - Pre-Qin and Han》 | Related resources |
《儒家 - Confucianism》 | Related resources |
《禮記 - Liji》 | [Warring States (475 BC - 221 BC)] | Books referencing 《禮記》 Library Resources Source Related resources |
《孔子閒居 - Kongzi Xian Ju》 | English translation: James Legge [?] | Books referencing 《孔子閒居》 Library Resources |
| 5 | 孔子閒居: | 子夏曰：「三王之德，參於天地，敢問：何如斯可謂參於天地矣？」孔子曰：「奉三無私以勞天下。」 |
| Kongzi Xian Ju: | Zi-xia said, '(It is said that) the virtue of the kings (who founded the) three dynasties was equal to that of heaven and earth; allow me to ask of what nature that virtue was which could be said to put its possessors on an equality with heaven and earth.' Confucius said, 'They reverently displayed the Three Impartialities, while they comforted all beneath the sky under the toils which they imposed.' | |
| 子夏曰：「敢問何謂三無私？」孔子曰：「天無私覆，地無私載，日月無私照。奉斯三者以勞天下，此之謂三無私。其在《詩》曰：『帝命不違，至於湯齊。湯降不遲，聖敬日齊。昭假遲遲，上帝是祗。帝命式於九圍。』是湯之德也。 | ||
| Zi-xia said, 'Allow me to ask what you call the "Three Impartialities."' Confucius said, 'Heaven overspreads all without partiality; Earth sustains and contains all without partiality; the Sun and Moon shine on all without partiality. Reverently displaying these three characteristics and thereby comforting all under heaven under the toils which they imposed, is what is called "the Three Impartialities." It is said in the Book of Poetry (IV, iii, ode 4, 3), "God in His favour Tang's House would not leave, And then Tang rose that favour to receive. Tang's birth was not from Xie too far removed, His sagely reverence daily greater proved. For long to Heaven his brilliant influence rose, And while his acts the fear of God disclose, God Tang as model fit for the nine regions chose" - such was the virtue of Tang. | ||
| 「天有四時，春秋冬夏，風雨霜露，無非教也。地載神氣，神氣風霆，風霆流形，庶物露生，無非教也。清明在躬，氣志如神，嗜欲將至，有開必先。天降時雨，山川出云。其在《詩》曰：『嵩高惟岳，峻極于天。惟岳降神，生甫及申。惟申及甫，惟周之翰。四國于蕃，四方于宣。』此文武之德也。三代之王也，必先令聞，《詩》云：『明明天子，令聞不已。』三代之德也。『弛其文德，協此四國。』大王之德也。」子夏蹶然而起，負墻而立曰：「弟子敢不承乎！」 | ||
| 'To Heaven belong the four seasons, spring, autumn, winter, summer, with wind, rain, hoar-frost, and dew;--(in the action) of all and each of these there is a lesson. Earth contains the mysterious energy (of nature). That mysterious energy (produces) the wind and thunder-clap. By the wind and thunder-clap the (seeds of) forms are carried abroad, and the various things show the appearance of life - in all and each of these things there is a lesson. When the personal character is pure and bright, the spirit and mind are like those of a spiritual being. When what such an one desires is about to come, there are sure to be premonitions of it in advance, (as when) Heaven sends down the seasonable rains, and the hills produce the clouds. As it is said in the Book of Poetry (III, iii, ode 5, 1), "How grand and high, with hugest bulk, arise. Those southern hills whose summits touch the skies! Down from them came a Spirit to the earth, And to the sires of Fu and Shan gave birth. In those two states our Zhou a bulwark has, O'er which the southern foemen dare not pass, And all its states they screen, and through them spread. Lessons of virtue, by themselves displayed" - such was the virtue of (kings) Wen and Wu. As to the kings (who founded) the three dynasties, it was necessary that they should be preceded by the fame of their forefathers. As it is said in the Book of Poetry (III, iii, ode 8, 6), "Very intelligent were the sons of Heaven, Their good fame was without end" - such was the virtue of (the founders) of the three dynasties. (And again), "He displayed his civil virtues, And they permeated all parts of the kingdom" - such was the virtue of king Tai.' Zi-xia rose up with a sudden joy, and, standing with his back to the wall, said, 'Your disciple dares not but receive (your instructions) with reverence.' |
《春秋繁露 - Chun Qiu Fan Lu》 | [Western Han (206 BC - 9)] Dong Zhong Shu | Books referencing 《春秋繁露》 Library Resources Related resources |
《竹林》 | Library Resources |
| 1 | 竹林: | 《春秋》之常辭也，不予夷狄而予中國為禮，到之戰，偏然反之，何也？曰：《春秋》無通辭，從變而移。今晉變而為夷狄，楚變而為君子，故移其辭以從其事。夫莊王之舍鄭，有可貴之美，晉人不知其善，而欲擊之。所救已解，如挑與之戰，此無善善之心，而輕救民之意也，是以賤之。而不使得與賢者為禮。秦穆侮蹇叔而大敗。鄭文輕眾而喪師。《春秋》之敬賢重民如是。是故戰攻侵伐，雖數百起，必一二書，傷其害所重也。問者曰：其書戰伐甚謹。其惡戰伐無辭，何也？曰：會同之事，大者主小；戰伐之事，後者主先。苟不惡，何為使起之者居下。是其惡戰伐之且《春秋》之法，凶年不修舊，意在無苦民爾。苦民尚惡之。況傷民乎？傷民尚痛之，況殺民乎？故曰：凶年舊則譏。造邑則諱。是害民之小者，惡之小也；害民之大者，惡之大也。今戰伐之於民，其為害幾何？考意而觀指，則《春秋》之所惡者，不任德而任力，驅民而殘賊之。其所好者，設而勿用，仁義以服之也。詩云：「弛其文德，洽此四國。」《春秋》之所善也。夫德不足以親近，而文不足以來遠，而斷斷以戰伐為之者，此固《春秋》之所甚疾已，皆非義也。難者曰：《春秋》之書戰伐也，有惡有善也。惡詐擊而善偏戰，奈何以《春秋》為無義戰而盡惡之也？曰：凡《春秋》之記災異也，雖有數莖，猶謂之無麥苗也。今天下之大，三百年之久，戰攻侵攻不可勝數，而複者有二焉。是何以異於無麥苗之有數莖哉？不足以難之，故謂之無義戰也。以無義戰為不可，則無麥苗亦不可也；以無麥苗為可，則無義戰亦可矣。若《春秋》之於偏戰也，善其偏，不善其戰，有以效其然也。《春秋》愛人，而戰者殺人，君子奚說善殺其所愛哉？故《春秋》之於偏戰也，猶其於諸夏也。引之魯，則謂之外；引之夷狄，則謂之內。比之詐戰，則謂之義；比之不戰，則謂之不義。故盟不如不盟。然而有所謂善盟。戰不如不戰，然而有所謂善戰。不義之中有義，義之中有不義。辭不能及，皆在於指，非精心達思者，其孰能知之。《詩》云：「棠棣之華，偏其反而。豈不爾思？室是遠而。」孔子曰：「未之思，夫何遠之有！」由是觀之。見其指者，不任其辭。不任其辭，然後可與適道矣。 |
《韓詩外傳 - Han Shi Wai Zhuan》 | [Western Han] 180 BC-120 BC | Books referencing 《韓詩外傳》 Library Resources |
《卷五》 | Books referencing 《卷五》 Library Resources |
| 24 | 卷五: | 天有四時：春夏秋冬，風雨霜露，無非教也。清明在躬，氣志如神，嗜欲將至，有開必先。天降時雨，山川出雲。《詩》曰：「崧高維嶽，駿極于天。維嶽降神，生甫及申。維申及甫，維周之翰。四國于蕃，四方于宣。」此文武之德也。三代之王也，必先其令名。《詩》曰：「明明天子，令聞不己。矢其文德，洽此四國。」此大王之德也。 |
《孔子家語 - Kongzi Jiayu》 | [Han (206 BC - 220)] | Books referencing 《孔子家語》 Library Resources |
《問玉》 | Library Resources |
| 2 | 問玉: | 孔子曰：「入其國，其教可知也：其為人也，溫柔敦厚，《詩》教也；䟽通知遠，《書》教也；廣博易良，《樂》教也；潔靜精微，《易》教也；恭儉莊敬，《禮》教也；屬辭比事，《春秋》教也。故《詩》之失愚，《書》之失誣。《樂》之失奢，《易》之失賊，《禮》之失煩，《春秋》之失亂。其為人溫柔敦厚而不愚，則深於《詩》者矣；䟽通知遠而不誣，則深於《書》者矣；廣博易良而不奢，則深於《樂》者矣；潔靜精微而不賊，則深於《易》者矣；恭儉莊敬而不煩，則深於《禮》者矣；屬辭比事而不亂，則深於《春秋》者矣。天有四時，春夏秋冬，風雨霜露，無非教也。地載神氣，吐納雷霆，流形庶物，無非教也。清明在躬，氣志如神，有物將至，其兆必先。是故天地之教，與聖人相參。其在《詩》曰：『嵩高惟嶽，峻極于天。惟嶽降神，生甫及申。惟申及甫，惟周之翰。四國于蕃，四方于宣。』此文武之德也。矢其文德，恊此四國，此文王之德也。凡三代之王，必先其令問。《詩》云：『明明天子，令問不已。』三代之德也。」 |
《經典文獻 - Ancient Classics》 | Related resources |
《詩經 - Book of Poetry》 | [Western Zhou (1046 BC - 771 BC)] | Books referencing 《詩經》 Library Resources Source Related resources |
《大雅 - Greater odes of the kingdom》 | Books referencing 《大雅》 Library Resources |
《蕩之什 - Decade Of Dang》 | Library Resources |
《江漢 - Jiang Han》 | English translation: James Legge [?] | Books referencing 《江漢》 Library Resources |
| 6 | 江漢: |
虎拜稽首、對揚王休、作召公考、天子萬壽。 明明天子、令聞不已、矢其文德、洽此四國。 |
| Jiang Han: |
Hu bowed with his head to the ground, And in response displayed the goodness of the king, And roused himself to maintain the fame of his ancestor. 'May the Son of Heaven live for ever! Very intelligent is the Son of Heaven; His good fame shall be without end. Let him display his civil virtues, Till they permeate all quarters of the kingdom. |
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