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经典释文[View] [Edit] [History]ctext:368919
Jingdian Shiwen (经典释文 Jīngdiǎn shìwén, literally Textual explanations of classics and canons), often abbreviated as Shiwen in Chinese philological literature, was a c. 583 exegetical dictionary or glossary, edited by the Tang dynasty classical scholar Lu Deming. Based on the works of 230 scholars during the Han, Wei, and Six Dynasties periods, this Chinese dictionary analyzes the pronunciations (given in historically invaluable fanqie annotations) and meanings of terms in the Confucian Thirteen Classics and the Daoist Daodejing and Zhuang Zi. It also cites some ancient books that are no longer extant, and are only known through Jingdian Shiwen.Bernhard Karlgren considered Jingdian Shiwen and the 601 Qieyun rime dictionary as the two primary sources for reconstructing Middle Chinese. Many studies in Chinese historical linguistics (for instance, see References) use the important Jingdian Shiwen data.
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《经典释文》（c. 583）是唐代经学家陆德明的著作，解释经书与《老子》、《庄子》音义的专著。他鉴于当时经典旧音太简，微言久绝，大义愈乖，后人攻乎异端，竟生穿凿的现象，于是在癸卯之岁（陈后主至德元年）在校理群书的基础上，「精研六典，采纳九流，搜访异同，校之《苍》、《雅》」，著《经典释文》30卷。《经典释文》为经文和注文皆注上反切等注音方法，统一魏晋以来混乱的注音，方便读者了解其句解，唐代以降与《十三经注疏》并行为阅读经籍的依据。《经典释文》还引用了一些今已不存的古书。其列举徐邈、李轨、刘昌宗、郭璞、郭象、韦昭、向秀、王元规、崔撰、吕忱、沈重、戚衮、沈旋、谢峤、顾野王、孙炎、郑玄、王肃、何胤、施乾等汉六朝二十家音切考证，基于230家诸说分析字音字义。
高本汉称《经典释文》和《切韵》(601)是构拟中古汉语两个主要的根据。许多汉语音韵学研究(如参考文献所列)都使用了《经典释文》。
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| Text | Count |
|---|---|
| 清史稿 | 1 |
| 正字通 | 1 |
| 新唐书 | 1 |
| 百川书志 | 1 |
| 古经解钩沉 | 1 |
| 宋元学案 | 1 |
| 清稗类钞 | 1 |
| 四库全书总目提要 | 61 |
| 文献通考 | 2 |
| 资治通鉴 | 3 |
| 直斋书录解题 | 1 |
| 楝亭书目 | 1 |
| 皇朝通志 | 1 |
| 经学历史 | 1 |
| 宋史 | 2 |
| 陶庐杂录 | 1 |
| 四库全书简明目录 | 5 |
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