Background

It is not known when He Quanhao was born. His grandfather He Jintao, who had taken over Weibo Circuit after being supported by mutineers who had overthrown and killed the previous military governor Shi Xiancheng, and his father He Hongjing, had successively served as the military governors of Weibo. When He Hongjing died in 866, He Quanhao was serving as one of the military commanders, and the soldiers supported him to succeed He Hongjing. Then-reigning Emperor Yizong approved and made him acting military governor, and then, in 867, full military governor.

As military governor

In 868, when the rebel Pang Xun took over Xu Prefecture (徐州, headquartered in modern Xuzhou, Jiangsu), the imperial government reacted by launching a three-pronged operations against Pang's rebels. The northern wing was initially commanded by the imperial guard general Wang Yanquan (王晏權), but Wang was later replaced by Cao Xiang (曹翔) the military governor of Taining Circuit (泰寧, headquartered in modern Jining, Shandong) in late 868. He Quanhao sent troops, commanded by his officer Xue You (薛尤), to assist Cao. The Weibo troops put the rebel stronghold of Feng County under siege, and repeatedly attacked it. When Pang himself made a surprise attack on the Weibo troops in summer 869, however, Weibo forces collapsed and were forced to withdraw and regroup, allowing the siege on Feng County to be lifted. Still, after Pang's rebellion was suppressed later that year, He Quanhao, for his contributions, was given the honorary titles of acting Sikong (司空, one of the Three Excellencies) and Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi.

It was said that He Quanhao, who was still described as young at that point, was cruel in his punishment, favoring death penalties, and also whipped subordinates severely for even minor offenses. The soldiers thus feared him. In 870, with there being rumors that he would decrease the food and clothing stipends for the soldiers, the soldiers mutinied. He Quanhao tried to flee by himself on horse, but the soldiers tracked him down and killed him. They supported the officer Han Junxiong to replace him, and the imperial government subsequently agreed.

Notes and references

• Old Book of Tang, vol. 181.

• New Book of Tang, vol. 210.

• Zizhi Tongjian, vols. 250, 251, 252.

背景

何全皞生于唐文宗開成四年（839年）。他的祖父何進滔在譁變軍士支持下殺死節度使史憲誠後接管了魏博，而後由他的父親何弘敬接任。何弘敬于咸通六年（865年）去世時，何全皞為左司馬，士兵推舉他為兵馬留後。唐懿宗認可了，起複何全皞為雲麾將、守金吾將軍、檢校右僕射兼御史大夫，充魏博節度觀察處置等使。七年（866年）七月任他為兵馬留後，八年（867年）又任為全權節度使。

任節度使

何全皞因喪母，納還節鉞，請求服喪，詔不許。

九年（868年），叛將龐勛控制徐州，朝廷決定兵分三路應對。神武大將軍王晏權原為徐州北面招討使，但他在當年就被泰寧軍節度使曹翔替換。何全皞也出兵，由部將薛尤率軍一萬三千，協助曹翔。魏博軍包圍了據守在豐縣的叛軍，不停攻打。十年（869年）正月，豐縣守將孟敬文因圖謀背叛龐勛自立，故意安排龐勛心腹所率援軍三千人為前鋒與魏博軍交戰，自己退走，導致三千援軍覆沒。魏博軍分五寨且在豐縣城外屯數千人，但四月，龐勛潛入豐縣，反圍魏博營寨，殺魏博軍二千人，雖然未能攻克營寨而退，但魏博軍聞龐勛親來即潰走，豐縣因此解圍。正在圍攻滕縣的曹翔聞魏博敗，也引兵退保兗州。當年，叛亂平定，何全皞因功被授檢校司空和同中書門下平章事的榮銜。

何全皞還很年輕，處罰很嚴，尤其喜歡判死刑，為了小錯誤而重重鞭笞下屬，士兵因此畏懼他。又削減將士衣糧。十一年（870年）八月，軍中相傳何全皞又要減糧帛，士兵譁變。何全皞單騎逃跑，被士兵追上殺死。士兵推大將韓君雄為留後，朝廷為此由翰林學士承旨鄭畋作《與韓君雄書》《與張文裕及魏博軍書》安撫魏博軍，並追述了何家祖孫三代對朝廷的貢獻和對何全皞被害的嘆惜。唐懿宗本來命皇子李儼為遙領節度使，後來還是同意任命韓君雄。詔贈何全皞太保。

墓誌

河北大名縣曾出土邊長1.4—1.5米的何全皞墓誌銘，但在2000年左右被盜，下落不明。

注釋