Chen Di /
Chʻen Ti (陳第|w=Chʻên2 Ti4 Chén Dì) (1541–1617), courtesy name:
Jili (季立), was a Chinese philologist, strategist, and traveler of the
Ming dynasty. A native of Lianjiang County, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, he was versed in both pen and sword. As a strategist, he served under
Qi Jiguang and others for many years before retiring to occupy himself with studies and travel. He wrote an account of an expedition to Taiwan in his 1603
Dōng Fān Jì (東番記), providing one of the first descriptions of the island and its indigenous inhabitants.
As a philologist, Chen was the first to demonstrate that Old Chinese has its own phonological system, rejecting the then prevailing practice of xiéyīn (諧音) (i.e. changing the usual reading of a character in a Shi Jing poem in order to suit the rhyme). Encouraged by his senior Jiao Hong (焦竑) (1540–1620), he wrote Máoshī Gǔyīn Kǎo (毛詩古音考) and Qūsòng Gǔyīnyì (屈宋古音義), in which he shows the ancient pronunciations (by homophones) of 650 characters. The results are based on painstaking analysis of the rhyming schemes in Shi Jing and other ancient rhymed texts, including I Ching and the poems of Qu Yuan. In his preface to the former work, Chen writes famously: "There is the past and the present; there is the north and the south. It is only inevitable that characters evolve, and sounds change." (蓋時有古今,地有南北;字有更革,音有轉移,亦勢所必至。)
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original article.
陳第(1541年4月10日 - 1617年),字
季立,號
一齋,福建連江人,
明朝儒生、音韻學家、藏書家。其貢獻在音韻學上最為重要,指出字音會隨著時地差異,糾正自
宋朝朱熹以來錯誤的叶音觀念。曾隨名將
沈有容至台灣,著有《東番記》一書,被視為研究台灣原住民的重要文獻之一。
Read more...: 生平 藏書 著作 註釋 外部鏈接
生平
明嘉靖二十年(1541年)三月三日,陳第生於福建連江西郊化龍橋北。父陳木山,時年三十二;母楊孺人,時年三十一;夢雷震而出生。隆準方瞳,顴骨高聳。有游僧見之,試其啼,曰:『是兒聲出丹田,他日必成遠器』。
嘉靖二十六年(1547年),七歲開始讀書。
嘉靖四十一年(1562年),戚繼光奉旨到福建攻打倭寇,與陳第相識。
萬曆元年(1573年),俞大猷移防福建,聘陳第為幕客。
萬曆八年(1580年)十二月,兵部尚書方逢時題補陳第為薊鎮三屯車兵前營游擊將軍,以署參將駐漢兒莊,用副總兵體統行事,鎮守古北口。
萬曆四十五年丁巳(1617年)三月二十一日,陳第歿七十有七。歸土于連江官嶺戈沃山中。
藏書
陳第於南京時搜訪圖書近五年,歸家時裝書二大車。先後積書至千九百餘種,萬餘冊,藏書家趙昱考證其有三百餘種為珍稀善本。積至多年,遂有書數萬卷。編有《世善堂藏書目錄》二卷。分類不按四部,先分經、四書、子、史、集,各家共六類,下再分小類,書成于萬曆四十四年(1616年)。連江城西,原有「世善堂」為一齋藏書贏,「倦遊廬」,為先生著書處,現已不存。
著作
音韻學
• 《毛詩古音考》(最為著名)
• 《讀詩拙言》
• 《屈宋古音義》
除音韻學作品外,著有《東番記》、《兩粵遊草》,《世善堂藏書目》、《一齋集》等書。
註釋
外部鏈接
The text above has been excerpted automatically from Wikipedia - please correct any errors in the
original article.