Biography

Vanguard and Internal Affairs Manager

Sun He was known for his loyalty and straightforwardness, speaking cautiously and acting swiftly. He possessed both courage and talent and could endure hardships.

He followed Sun Jian on military campaigns from a young age, often serving as the vanguard in battles. Later, he led Sun Jian's personal troops, managing internal affairs of the army, and was entrusted with key responsibilities by Sun Jian.

In Chuping second year (191 AD), Sun Jian, at the request of Yuan Shu, attacked Liu Biao, the Governor of Jing Province, and was ambushed and killed by Huang Zu. His eldest son, Sun Ce, was then seventeen years old and succeeded as the Marquis of Wucheng. Sun Jian's nephew, Sun Ben, led the remaining troops to escort Sun Jian's coffin. Yuan Shu stationed his army in Shouchun, and Sun Ben went to join him.

Overcoming Difficulties to Pacify Jiangdong

Initially, when Sun Jian raised a righteous army, Sun Ce, around ten years old, had already made many notable acquaintances. He followed the advice of his friend Zhou Yu and moved his mother to Lujiang, gathering and attracting scholars and officials. People from the Yangtze and Huai regions flocked to him, causing Tao Qian, the Governor of Xu Province, to become wary of Sun Ce.

After Sun Jian's death, Sun Ce returned his father's remains to Qu'a. He settled in Jiangdu and often visited the scholar Zhang Hong. Zhang Hong analyzed the political landscape for Sun Ce and devised a plan to pacify Jiangdong. To ensure there were no concerns, Sun Ce entrusted his mother and younger brothers to Zhang Hong. At that time, only Lü Fan and Sun He frequently accompanied Sun Ce, enduring hardships together and never fleeing in times of danger. Sun Ce treated them like family, often dining with Lady Wu.

Sun Ce visited Shouchun to request Yuan Shu to return his father's troops, but Yuan Shu made excuses to avoid it. Thus, Sun Ce moved back to Qu'a with his mother, Lady Wu, and joined his uncle, Wu Jing, along with Lü Fan and Sun He, recruiting several hundred men. The mountain bandit leader Zu Lang attacked them, nearly killing Sun Ce. Sun Ce then sought Yuan Shu again, who finally returned about a thousand of Sun Jian's remaining troops.

Sun Ce established Qu'a as his base and successively defeated local forces led by Liu Yao. Sun He followed Sun Ce in campaigns to pacify Wu Commandery and Kuaiji Commandery. After stabilizing the region, Sun Ce appointed Sun He as the Magistrate of Wucheng County.

Assisting the Young Master and Suppressing Internal Turmoil

In Chuping fifth year (200 AD), shortly after Sun Ce was assassinated, his nineteen-year-old younger brother, Sun Quan, took over Jiangdong. At that time, Li Shu, the Governor of Lujiang, refused to submit to Sun Quan and joined forces with Mei Gan, Lei Xu, and Chen Lan, causing disturbances in the Huai region. Sun Quan wrote a letter demanding that Li Shu detain these rebels. Li Shu publicly stated that he should not be held responsible for their actions.

Sun Quan then sent a deceptive letter to Cao Cao, claiming that Yan Xiang was killed by Li Shu and thus should not heed his requests. Sun Quan cut off Li Shu's reinforcements and personally led an expedition against him with Sun He and Xu Kun in Wan City. Surrounded by Sun Quan's forces, Li Shu sought help from Cao Cao, but no aid arrived, as planned.

Isolated in Wan City, with food running out, the defenders resorted to eating mud balls. The city was then breached, and Li Shu was executed. Sun Quan relocated over 30,000 people and troops from Wan City to Jiangdong. Sun He was appointed as a General Who Subdues Enemies and Governor of Lujiang Commandery, stationed in Jingkou (modern-day Zhenjiang, Jiangsu).

Promoting Talent: Appointing Wu Can

While serving as the Magistrate of Wuchang County, Sun He discovered a talented individual named Wu Can, who was from a humble background and initially worked as a minor official. Sun He recognized Wu Can's potential and later, when he became a general with the authority to appoint officials, recommended Wu Can as the Magistrate of Qu'a County. Wu Can was later promoted to Chief Secretary and gained a reputation for good governance. Although from a humble family, Wu Can stood alongside his fellow townspeople Lu of2

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References

• 孫河 (Chinese)

生平

常為前驅 典知內事

孫河個性忠直，說話謹慎，辦事敏捷。有氣魄和才幹，能服勤苦之事。

孫河自少跟隨孫堅出征，作戰時常擔任前驅，後來領孫堅親兵，典掌軍隊內部之事，被孫堅委以心腹之任。

初平二年（191年），孫堅接受袁術的請求攻打荊州牧劉表，遭黃祖伏擊身亡。長子孫策時年十七歲，襲烏程侯。孫堅侄子孫賁領孫堅餘眾，扶送靈柩。袁術到壽春駐紮屯軍，孫賁前往依附。

排除萬難 平定江東

最初孫堅興義兵時，孫策年十餘歲已廣交知名人士，並聽從好友周瑜的意見，將母親遷到廬江，招攬聚合士大夫，江、淮的人都投奔他，徐州牧陶謙十分忌憚孫策。孫堅死後，孫策將父親還葬曲阿，孫策渡江居江都。

孫策在江都時，常拜訪名士張紘，張紘為孫策分析天下大勢，定下平定江東的計劃，孫策為無後顧之憂，將母親及年幼的弟弟們交託給張紘。當時只有呂範和孫河經常伴隨孫策，跋涉辛苦，就算有危難也不會逃避，孫策亦待二人如親戚般，每次升堂，與吳夫人共同宴席。

孫策到壽春請求袁術歸還父親兵馬，袁術以藉口推辭，於是孫策帶著母親吳夫人遷居回到曲阿，與呂範、孫河一起投靠舅父吳景，並依賴吳景召募到了數百人。時涇縣山賊總帥祖郎來襲，孫策差點被祖郎襲殺。孫策聽再求見袁術，袁術將孫堅餘兵千餘人歸還給孫策。

孫策於是以曲阿為據點，先後擊敗以劉繇為首的地方勢力。孫河隨孫策出征，先後平定吳郡和會稽郡。孫策定都吳郡，任命孫河為烏程縣長。

輔助少主 討平內亂

建安五年（200年），孫策遇刺不久去世，由時年十九歲的二弟孫權接手江東。時廬江太守李術不服從孫權，與梅乾、雷緒、陳蘭數萬人在集結淮水一帶騷擾破壞，孫權寫信要求李術扣留這些叛逃者。李術公開表示有德見歸，無德見叛，不應復還為由拒絕。

於是孫權用計策寫信給曹操，說嚴象被殺是李術所為，所以不應該理會李術。孫權斷絕李術的援軍後，與孫河、徐琨一起親征叛徒李術於皖城。皖城被孫權包圍，李術向曹操求救，但是曹操沒有到來，一切發展正如孫權所設計的一樣。

李術獨守皖城，城內糧盡只能用泥丸代替食糧充飢，隨即破皖城，李術被梟首，孫權遷徙城裡人及李術部將三萬餘人到江東。孫河拜威寇中郎將，領廬江太守，駐屯京口（今江蘇鎮江）。

舉賢任能 提拔吾粲

孫河為烏程縣長時，當時寒門出身的烏程人吾粲，身份還是小吏，孫河卻對吾粲這人深感驚奇。後來孫河成為將軍，能夠自選長吏，表奏吾粲為曲阿丞，升遷為長史，治理地方有名跡。吾粲雖然出於寒門，與同郡陸遜、卜靜等比肩齊聲。孫權為車騎將軍時，召吾粲為主簿，出任為山陰令，後歸還擔任參軍校尉。

斥責媯、戴 反為所害

建安九年（204年），丹楊太守孫翊被邊洪殺害，孫河趕到宛陵，憤怒地斥責媯覽和戴員二人，沒有盡責保護孫翊，令邊洪弒主之事發生。

媯覽和戴員相議，認為孫河與孫翊關係疏遠，孫河已如此厲詞譴責，若孫翊次兄孫權來到，二人必死無疑，於是二人決定先下手殺死孫河，密謀叛變，派人迎接揚州刺史劉馥，但沒多久兩人被孫翊的妻子徐氏和舊部孫高、傅嬰擒殺。孫河死後，由表侄孫韶繼承孫河的軍隊。

孫河膝下有四位兒子，長子孫助為曲阿長、次子孫誼為海鹽長，二人皆早卒。三子孫桓，儀容端正，器懷聰朗，博學彊記，能論議應對，孫權常稱為宗室中的顏淵。孫桓先後參加了討關羽及抗劉備之戰，拜建武將軍，封丹徒侯，下督牛渚。四子孫俊，性度恢弘，才經文武，為定武中郎將，屯戍薄落，赤烏十三年卒。

姓氏變化

據《三國志吳書孫韶傳》記載，孫河本姓俞，因得到孫策的喜愛，賜姓為孫，列入孫家屬籍。

另《孫韶傳》引《吳書》又說，孫河是孫堅的族子，早初過繼給姑家俞氏，後來再回復孫姓。

親屬

兒子

• 孫助，孫河長子，官至曲阿長。

• 孫誼，孫河次子，官至海鹽長。

• 孫桓，孫河三子，東漢末和三國時東吳武將，建武將軍，丹徒侯。

　• 孫建，孫桓長子，繼承丹徒侯爵位，官至平虜將軍。

　• 孫慎，孫桓少子，官至鎮南將軍。

　　• 孫拯，字顯世，孫慎之子。

• 孫俊，孫河四子，定武中郎將。

侄兒

• 孫韶，孫河表侄，本姓俞，東漢末和三國時東吳武將，鎮北將軍，建德侯，後假節領幽州牧。

注釋

參考資料

• 孫河 (維基百科)