Biography

In 1277, King Chungseon was confirmed as Crown Prince; in the following year he travelled to China and received his Mongolian name.

In 1296, he was married to the Yuan Princess Botapsillin. However, the king already had three Korean wives, the daughters of the powerful nobles Jo In-gyu, Hong Mun-gye, and Seo Won-hu.

King Chungseon's mother died in 1297, and this was followed by a violent purge brought on by allegations that she had been murdered. Perhaps upset by these events, King Chungnyeol petitioned Yuan to abdicate the throne and was accordingly replaced by King Chungseon in 1298. Faced with intense plotting between the faction of his Mongol queen and his Korean queen, King Chungseon returned the throne to his father shortly thereafter.

He became the Prince of Shenyang, a new title, in 1307 or 1308. After his father's death in 1308, King Chungseon was obliged to return to the throne of Goryeo and made efforts to reform court politics, but spent as much time as possible in China. The title King of Shenyang was renamed Prince of Shen in 1310. He is a very rare case of personal unions in East Asia. He retired from the throne in 1313, and was replaced by King Chungsuk of Goryeo. King Chungseon was briefly sent into exile in Tibet (lately Sakya) after the death of the Emperor Renzong of Yuan (元仁宗) but was permitted soon thereafter to return to Beijing, where he died in 1325.

Family

• Father: King Chungnyeol of Goryeo (3 April 1236 – 30 July 1308) (고려 충렬왕)

　• Grandfather: King Wonjong of Goryeo (5 April 1219 – 23 July 1274) (고려 원종)

　• Grandmother: Queen Jeongsun of the Gyeongju Kim clan (1222 – 29 July 1237) (정순왕후 김씨)

• Mother: Queen Jangmok of the Borjigin clan (28 June 1259 – 21 May 1297) (장목왕후)

　• Grandfather: Kublai Khan of Yuan (23 September 1215 – 18 February 1294) (쿠빌라이 칸)

　• Grandmother: Asokjin Khatun (아속진가돈)

• Consorts:

• Grand Princess Gyeguk of the Borjigin clan (? – 1315) (계국대장공주)

• Yasokjin, Consort Ui (? – 18 July 1316) (의비 야속진)

• #Wang Gam, Prince Gwangreung (? – May 1310) (광릉군 왕감)

• #King Chungsuk of Goryeo (30 July 1294 – 3 May 1339) (고려 충숙왕)

• Royal Consort Jeong-Bi of the Kaesong Wang clan (? – 1345) (정비 왕씨)

• Royal Consort Jo-Bi of the Pyeongyang Jo clan (조비)

• Royal Consort Sunhwa Won-Bi of the Namyang Hong clan (? – 13 August 1306) (순화원비 홍씨)

• Royal Consort Sun-Bi of the Yangcheon Heo clan (1271 – 1335) (순비 허씨)

• Royal Consort Suk-Bi of the Eonyang Kim clan (숙비 김씨)

• Unnamed consort

• #Wang Hye, Prince Deokheung (1314 – 1367) (덕흥군 왕혜)

• #Unnamed son

• #Princess Suchun (? – 1345) (수춘옹주)

Ancestry

生平

元世祖至元十五年（1278年），王璋被定為高麗王世子後的第一年，他就被帶到元大都（今北京）撫養，並取蒙古名益知禮普花（）。1296年王璋與元朝宗室甘麻剌之女薊國公主寶塔實憐成婚。在此之前，他已經娶了三個高麗貴族女子為妃。

1297年，莊穆王后忽都魯揭里迷失去世。由于有人懷疑莊穆王后是被謀殺，引發高麗宮廷爭鬥。忠烈王王賰向元成宗請求退位。1298年，王璋嗣位為高麗國王，其父王賰則被高麗尊為太上王，元朝封王賰為逸壽王。由于寶塔實憐公主和高麗王妃集團之間的爭鬥非常激烈，不久王璋又很快將王位讓回給其父王賰。

依據《元史》，1307年（或依據《高麗史》，1308年），王璋由於迎立元武宗的功績，被元朝冊封為瀋陽王。次年忠烈王王賰去世，王璋重新即位，是為忠宣王。由於經歷了一系列高麗朝廷中的明爭暗鬥，即位後，忠宣王並不願意處理高麗國事，而是迷戀在元大都的生活，儘可能地在元大都長時間逗留，在元大都傳旨遙控高麗。忠宣王在位期間，改革了高麗舊制中的一些弊端，打擊權門世家的勢力。這使高麗的朝臣們十分不滿。1310年，忠宣王殺害了世子王鑑以及高麗大臣金義重等人。而在元朝的官員中有相當一部分是高麗權貴，此前洪重喜、洪重慶、洪福源等人對高麗朝廷不滿的人，在元朝皇帝面前說忠宣王的壞話。

在各種壓力之下，忠宣王於1313年上表請求退位，將高麗王位傳給其子江陵大君王燾（高麗忠肅王），並請求冊封異母兄江陽公王滋之子延安君王暠（蒙古名完澤禿）為瀋陽王世子。元朝接受了他的請求，封他為太尉王，但要求其返回高麗。忠宣王不得已攜王后返回高麗，並讓王暠以禿魯花（人質）的身份留在元朝。但次年忠宣王又前往元朝，長期耽留元大都不歸。

王璋喜愛書法和繪畫，在元大都期間，設立萬卷堂，收集各種書籍，並招聘元朝和高麗的學者研究學問。高麗學者李齊賢、元朝學者趙孟頫都是他的座上客。這段時期為高麗文學的頂峰，高麗大量從中國輸入書籍。

延祐七年（1320年）二月，元仁宗駕崩，元英宗即位，繼續推行漢法，但遭到其祖母太皇太后答己一派的阻撓。洪福源等誣陷王璋因黨同太皇太后一派，十二月，王璋被英宗流放到烏思藏撒思結之地（今西藏自治區薩迦縣）學佛。高麗忠肅王號召百官多次聯名上書元廷為上王鳴冤，同時組織僧人在旻天寺為之祈禱。但瀋王王暠圖謀奪取高麗王位，勾結在元廷任職的高麗人進行阻撓。瀋王的黨羽權漢功圖謀召集百官上書元廷請願，要求廢黜忠肅王。而高麗大臣柳清臣、吳潛則上書請求在高麗設置像內地一樣的行省，但被元英宗拒絕了。

1323年，忠宣王改流脫思麻（今青海省海南藏族自治州一帶）。1324年，忠宣王終於被召回元大都，此時已被流放了長達五年之久。然而護送他的校尉方連、方元兄弟苦於路途艱險，欲發兵殺之逃跑；幸好忠宣王發現了火光，及時逃脫了，才平安地到達元大都。1325年，王璋客死于元大都，遺體送回高麗，葬於德陵。元朝賜諡號忠宣，高麗恭愍王加諡宣孝。

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