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-> 天牢

天牢[View] [Edit] [History]
ctext:720418

RelationTargetTextual basis
typecelestial
name天牢
authority-wikidataQ10940440
link-wikipedia_zh天牢
part-ofcelestial:紫微垣宋史·志第二 {{天文二(紫微垣 太微垣 天市垣)}}》:天牢六星,在北斗魁下,貴人之牢也,主繩愆禁暴。
天牢是古代中國星官之一,位於紫微垣中,共有六星,主天子疾病(諸說)。《史記·天官書》:「赤帝行德,天牢為之空。蒼帝行德,天門為之開。又天理四星在斗魁中,為貴人之牢。有句圜十五星,屬杓,曰賤人之牢。」朱元璋法天道置法司,將監獄命名為「貫城」,貫索屬天市垣不在紫微垣中,故貫城坊位於太平門外不在大內,亦即句圜十五星中的貫索九星(貫索亦名為天獄)。而天理四星所代表的貴人之牢,朱元璋另設置高牆,為什麼現代眾說紛紜,乃歷代各朝多半不願意民間太瞭解天文星象有關,亦跟伊斯蘭天文曆法的引進有莫大關連,比如回回司天監的馬依澤與其家族。大牢與天牢最早都沒有監獄的意思。《禮記》:「天子社稷皆大牢,諸侯社稷皆小牢」,大牢為豬牛羊,小牢為羊豬。《周禮·地官司徒》「比長:……若無授無節,則唯圜土內之」,鄭玄註:「圜土者,獄城也。」而周代的監獄有囹圄、圜土兩種,圜土則比較貼近勞改營。

《說文解字》:「牢,閑,養牛馬圈也。」如:「亡羊補牢」。《詩經·大雅·公劉》:「執豕于牢,酌之用匏。」

天牢最早的記載見於《隋書·天文志》,不過有說是專關貴族的監牢,也有說是關賤人的監牢。

Read more...: 天牢六星   天牢增二星   古書記載  

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明史2
宋史3
URI: https://data.ctext.org/entity/720418 [RDF]

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