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霍集占[View] [Edit] [History]ctext:817065
Relation | Target | Textual basis |
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type | person | |
name | 霍集占 | |
authority-wikidata | Q15925548 | |
link-wikipedia_zh | 霍集占 |
霍集占(維吾爾語: ;? - 1759年),清代新疆回部白山派首領,是瑪哈圖木·阿雜木後裔,阿帕克和卓曾孫,波羅尼都之弟,又稱「小和卓」。因其自稱「巴圖爾汗」,被稱為「汗和卓」。
霍集占年幼時與其父、兄被準噶爾汗策妄阿拉布坦關押在伊犁。乾隆二十年(1755年)五月,清朝派兵滅準噶爾汗國,釋放了波羅尼都和霍集占,命波羅尼都前往葉爾羌招撫舊部,霍集占留在伊犁。不久,阿睦爾撒納在原準噶爾地區發動叛亂,霍集占乘機逃回喀什噶爾,組織軍隊,和清軍展開鬥爭爭取獨立。
1758年秋天,定邊將軍兆惠統兵3000進攻葉爾羌,久攻不下,屯兵黑水河邊,稱為黑水營。堅守三月。1759年1月,清朝援軍到達,大破大小和卓軍。大小和卓分別撤至喀什噶爾和葉爾羌,清軍分兵直取葉爾羌和喀什噶爾,「共計收穫賊眾一萬二千餘人,軍器二千餘件,駝騾牛羊萬餘」。大小和卓又逃往巴達克山。巴達克山國王素勒坦沙在清朝的反覆軍事威脅下將二人殺害,頭顱運到北京後製成藏傳佛教法器骷髏碗。波羅尼都之子薩木薩克逃居浩罕汗國,後來薩木薩克及其子張格爾又數度策劃復國。
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清史稿 | 126 |
四庫全書總目提要 | 1 |
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