The
Taiping Guangji (太平廣記), sometimes translated as the
Extensive Records of the Taiping Era, or
Extensive Records of the Taiping Xinguo Period, is a collection of stories compiled in the early
Song dynasty under imperial direction by
Li Fang. The work was completed in 978 and printing blocks were cut but it was prevented from publication on the grounds that it contained only
xiaoshuo (fiction or "insignificant tellings") and thus "was of no use to young students." It survived in manuscript until it was published in the
Ming dynasty. It is considered one of the
Four Great Books of Song. The title refers to the Taiping Xinguo era (太平興國, "great-peace rejuvenate-nation", AD 976–984), the first years of the reign of
Emperor Taizong of Song.
The collection is divided into 500 volumes (卷) and consists of about 3 million Chinese characters. It includes about seven thousand stories selected from over three hundred books and novels from the Han dynasty to the early Song dynasty, many of which have been lost. Some stories are historical or naturalistic anecdotes, each is replete with historical elements, and were not regarded by their authors as fiction, but the topics are mostly supernatural, about Buddhist and Taoist priests, immortals, ghosts, and various deities. They include a number of Tang dynasty stories, especially chuanqi (tales of wonder), that are famous works of literature in their own right, and also inspired later works.
Pu Songling was said to have been inspired by Taiping Guangji; the short story "A Sequel to the Yellow Millet Dream" parallels one of Taiping stories.
Read more...: Famous stories Translations
Famous stories
• The Tale of Li Wa by Bai Xingjian
• Huo Xiaoyu's Story by Jiang Fang — this story has been translated by Stephen Owen to English in Anthology of Chinese Literature, Beginnings to 1911 (1996)
• The Tale of Liu Yi translated as The Dragon King's Daughter by Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang.
Translations
Several collections of translated Taiping Guangji stories were published in English and other western languages, but the text was never fully translated into those languages. The Taiping Guangji translations tracking page in Wikipedia shows that about 125 English translations were made for Taiping Guangji stories so far, making less than 2% of the total number of Taiping Guangji stories.
Three full translations into modern Chinese were published so far:
• By Zhou Zhenfu (Editor, 周振甫) in 1993.
• By Ding Yucheng, Wang Shi and Yu Qinghua (丁玉琤，王石，于清华) in 1995.
• By Shi Ming (石鸣) in 2007.
What seems to be a Google Translate machine translation into English of the Shi Ming Chinese translation was published as a soft-copy in 2019.
Stories out of Taiping Guangji are still being actively translated into English, Hebrew and modern Chinese, and are published in several blogs on a regular basis. There is also a Taiping Guangji Translations tracking page in the Hebrew Wikipedia, linking to all English and Hebrew story translations available on the web.
The text above has been excerpted automatically from Wikipedia - please correct any errors in the
original article.
《
太平廣記》，是宋代
李昉等人編著的大型類書，基本上是一部按類編纂的小說總集，凡五百卷。
Read more...: 成書過程 流傳 評價 相關考證 逸事 注釋 參考書目
成書過程
太平興國二年（977年）三月，李昉、扈蒙、李穆、徐鉉、趙鄰幾、王克貞、宋白、呂文仲等12人等人奉宋太宗的命令集體編纂，到隔年八月結束，因編成於太平興國年間，所以定名為《太平廣記》，和《太平御覽》同時編纂。全書五百卷，目錄十卷，共分九十二大類，下面又分一百五十多小類，例如畜獸部下又分牛、馬、駱駝、驢、犬、羊、豕等細目，專收野史以及小說雜著，其中以神仙、鬼、報應、神、女仙、定數、畜獸、草木、再生、異僧、徵應等十一類約佔全書之半。
《太平廣記》引書大約四百多種，大致篇末都註明了來源，但偶有錯誤。例如《太平廣記》卷一九四題作《僧俠》，云出自《唐語林》，但據汪紹楹考證：「明鈔本作出《酉陽雜俎》」。李昉等在奉詔編撰《太平廣記》後，曾向皇帝上過一表，提到此書宗旨「博宗群言，不遺眾善」，「編秩既廣，觀覽難周，故使採摭菁英，裁成類例」。
《太平廣記》對于後世文學的影響很大，浦江清曾說「《太平廣記》的結集，可以作為小說史上的分水嶺」。宋人蔡蕃曾編《鹿革事類》、《鹿革文類》各三十卷，皆節錄《廣記》資料。《古今說海》、《五朝小說》、《說郛》等書多取材《廣記》。
《廣記》書中絕大部分小說都是唐代的作品，如六朝志怪、唐人傳奇等。《太平廣記》還選編晚唐范攄《雲溪友議》共四十七條。有些篇幅較小的書幾乎全部收錄，其中許多原書如《旌異記》、《啟顏錄》等已失傳，靠本書而得以流傳。書裡最值得重視的是第484至492卷，九卷雜傳記裡所收的《霍小玉傳》、《崔鶯鶯傳》、《李娃傳》、《東城老父傳》、《柳氏傳》、《長恨傳》、《無雙傳》等，都是唐人傳奇的名篇，最早見於本書。
流傳
《太平廣記》明代以前很少刻本流傳。太平興國三年（978）八月十三日，李昉上表向宋太宗進《太平廣記》。太平興國六年（981）正月，《太平廣記》奉旨雕印版，旋即停止雕印。中止印行的原因按《宋會要》所言是「言者以為非學者所急，收墨版藏太清樓」。然而《廣記》的流傳並未中止，閔寬東認為它最晚于高麗文宗三十四年（1080年）就傳入了朝鮮半島。到了宋神宗熙寧年間，高麗使臣樸寅亮已經在詩作中引用《太平廣記》的典故。今韓國仍有較早的《太平廣記詳節》，以宋本為底本。此外還有孫潛校宋本、沈與文野竹齋抄本和陳鱣校宋本三種具有宋本《廣記》背景。南宋尤袤《遂初堂書目》記錄了當時有《京本太平廣記》，可能是福建建陽刻本，即建本。根據晁公武《郡齋讀書志》，當時的《廣記》不僅有全本，也有節本，如《鹿革事類》《鹿革文類》等書，都是《廣記》的節本。本書在北宋中期以後逐漸有了更多的讀者。
明代，刻書家重新開始著手刊刻《廣記》。沈與文野竹齋抄本為目前最古的《太平廣記》抄本。沈氏為嘉靖朝蘇州的一位藏書家，其抄本今收藏于中國國家圖書館。嘉靖四十五年（1566年），談愷據傳鈔本加以校補重印，稱《談刻本》。今日宋朝刻本已佚，目前所存最古的刻本即是談愷刻本。從談刻本又衍生出明活字本，王重民先生以為應是隆慶、萬曆年間排印的。傅增湘指出，其源出于談刻本，仍列談愷跋與銜名于卷首。萬曆年間蘇州藏書家許自昌以談刻本為底本，加以校對，成為了許自昌刻本。
清初四庫全書館館臣收入《四庫全書》，一般認為繕錄底本是《談刻本》。但張國風指出，四庫本的繕錄底本是黃晟刻于乾隆二十年（1755年）的槐蔭草堂本。
評價
• 胡應麟曾言：「《文苑》之蕪冗，《廣記》之怪誕，皆藝林所厭薄，而不知其有助於載籍者不鮮也。非《御覽》西京以迄六代諸史乘煨燼矣。非《英華》，典午以迄三唐諸文賦煙埃矣。非《廣記》汲塚以迄，五朝諸小說烏有矣。所錄本書，今十九不存，間存者往往賴此而完帙僅半，余恍忽睹其名耳。宋人雜說單行，本朝垂百數種，舍此遂無可別稽。故是編雖蕪冗，世莫得而廢也。……《廣記》之臚列詳明，紀例精密，灼然必傳，又當議於二典之外者也。」
• 魯迅所輯《古小說鉤沉》和《唐宋傳奇集》，多取材於此書。他在《破〈唐人說薈〉》一文中指出：「我以為《太平廣記》的好處有二，一是從六朝到宋初的小說幾乎全收在內，倘若大略的研究，即可以不必別買許多書。二是精怪，鬼神，和尚，道士，一類一類的分得很清楚，聚得很多，可以使我們看到厭而又厭，對于現在談狐鬼的《太平廣記》的子孫，再沒有拜讀的勇氣。」
相關考證
• 葉慶炳認為《太平廣記》引用他書文字，每任意刪節修正，而有三條則和《新唐書》一字不差，其非屬廣記原有，「周迪妻」、「封景文」、「高彥昭女」均在「十一人」之中。此三條蓋談愷據新唐書妄補，並非廣曰。
逸事
• 據說徐鉉想把自己的作品《稽神錄》收進去，不敢自主，托人徵求李昉同意。倒是李昉很大方地說：「詎有徐率更言無稽者？中採無疑也。」，于是「此錄遂得見收」。
• 元好問〈劉景玄墓銘〉文中曾提到，劉景玄半個月就把整套《太平廣記》背誦無誤：「泰和中，予初識景玄于太原，人有為予言是家讀《廣記》半月而初無所遺忘者，予未之許也。」
注釋
參考書目
• 嚴一萍：《太平廣記校勘記》
• 盧錦堂：《太平廣記引書考》
• 鄧嗣禹：《太平廣記引得序》
• 張國風：《太平廣記版本考述》
The text above has been excerpted automatically from Wikipedia - please correct any errors in the
original article.
