Longkan Shoujian (龙龛手鉴, literally The Handy Mirror in the Dragon Shrine) is a Chinese dictionary compiled during the Liao Dynasty by the Khitan monk Xingjun. Completed in 997, the work had originally been entitled Longkan Shoujing (; and are synonyms), but had its title changed owing to naming taboo when it was later printed by the Song publishers. (Emperor Taizu's grandfather had the name , a homophone of .) The earliest surviving edition of the work is an incomplete Korean one, reprinted in China in 1985.

Longkan Shoujian was one of the many Buddhist yinyishu (; 'dictionary of pronunciations and meanings') produced in ancient China, which were meant to aid the study of Buddhist scriptures. However, the work stands out in two aspects. Firstly, its method of collation is innovative. While Chinese dictionaries before Shoujian collate characters either graphically (by radical) or phonetically (by tone and rime), the work employs both methods: the radicals, which number 242 (including the "radical" za (; 'miscellaneous'), where characters that are difficult to analyze graphically are found), are grouped by tone into four groups (each group occupies one juan or fascicle); the characters under each radical are in turn grouped by tone. Secondly, it collects more than 26,000 characters with a huge proportion of variant characters. Many of these variants are not recorded in any other works.

The characters in it are divided, in terms of orthography, into "standard" (; zheng), "vulgar" (; su), "contemporary" (; jin), "archaic" (; gu) and "alternative" (; huozuo), a classification more elaborated than that used in Ganlu Zishu. The pronunciations of characters in it are indicated by either homophone or fanqie spelling. For some characters, only the pronunciations are given, not the meanings.

While being criticized for its unorthodox collation and collection by the Qing philologists, it is hailed by Pan (1980) as an essential guide for deciphering the Dunhuang manuscripts, which contains a large amount of "vulgar" characters.

《龙龛手镜》又名《龙龛手鉴》（997），是辽代僧人释行均编写的汉字字典，用作为佛教徒通解文字、正定字形、注音释义，俾研读佛典、透析佛理而编纂的一部佛学字书。龙龛象徵著佛经。此书收录二万六千馀字，注释达16 3170字。

《龙龛手镜》的辽代原刻本已佚失。现传最早的有沈括《梦溪笔谈》所录的宋刻本，但因避讳宋太祖赵匡胤祖父「翼祖」赵敬的「敬」字，而改以与「镜」同义之「鉴」刻名为《龙龛手鉴》。

在中国、日本等国已经不存在这本字典的原本，该字典仅存于韩国，1985年于中国重印。

《龙龛手鉴》属于中国古代佛教《音义书》之一，本为便于学习佛经所作。在编纂体例方面，《龙龛手鉴》给字排序的方法很有创新性。《龙龛手鉴》之前的汉语词典要么从字形上按部首排序，要么从字音上按读音排序，而《龙龛手鉴》两者兼具：以「字形部首」统摄二万六千馀字，其部首之序，按平上去入四声为次，计平声97部，上声60部，去声26部，入声59部，合计242部首。就分部编次上，行均不囿于东汉许慎《说文解字》「据形系联」、「始一终亥」的体例，而按当时通行俗体以四声排列。体例虽不尽然完善，但颇具有创新的精神。《龙龛手鉴》收字达2.6万个，其中有很多是仅见于《手鉴》的异体字。

字分为正体、俗体、今体、古体和或作体，该分类法比《干禄字书》的更加详尽。字音以同音字或反切表示，少数字有音无义。

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