Life

Family background

Imperial Noble Consort Zhemin's personal name was not recorded in history. She was a Booi Aha of the Plain Yellow Banner Fuca clan by birth.

• Father: Wengguotu (翁果圖), served as a fourth rank military official (佐領)

• One sister: Wife of Gioro Yongqing (永清)

Yongzheng era

It is not known when Lady Fuca became a lady-in-waiting of Hongli, the Yongzheng Emperor's fourth son. In 1725, she became his mistress. She gave birth on 5 July 1728 to his first son, Yonghuang, and in May or June 1731 to his second daughter, who would die prematurely in December 1731 or January 1732. Lady Fuca died on 20 August 1735.

Qianlong era

The Yongzheng Emperor died on 8 October 1735 and was succeeded by Hongli, who was enthroned as the Qianlong Emperor. In November or December 1736, the Qianlong Emperor granted Lady Fuca the posthumous title "Consort Zhe". In May 1745, she was posthumously elevated to "Imperial Noble Consort Zhemin" by virtue of her son being the emperor's first son. In 1752, she was interred in the Yu Mausoleum of the Eastern Qing tombs.

Titles

• During the reign of the Kangxi Emperor (r. 1661–1722):

　• Lady Fuca

• During the reign of the Yongzheng Emperor (r. 1722–1735):

　• Mistress (from 1725)

• During the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (r. 1735–1796):

　• Consort Zhe (哲妃; from November/December 1736), fourth rank consort

　• Imperial Noble Consort (皇貴妃; from 24 February 1745), second rank consort

　• Imperial Noble Consort Zhemin (哲憫皇貴妃; from May 1745)

Issue

• As a mistress:

　• Yonghuang (永璜; 5 July 1728 – 21 April 1750), the Qianlong Emperor's first son, posthumously honoured as Prince Ding'an of the First Rank

　• The Qianlong Emperor's second daughter (May/June 1731 – December 1731 or January 1732)

人物生平

高宗在乾隆四十五年所作的《孝賢皇后陵寢酹酒》詩注中，並沒有提及哲憫皇貴妃像慧賢皇貴妃那般年逮七旬，或許富察氏比乾隆帝等人年長些。雍正三年（1725年），在內務府選秀中指婚為弘曆的格格。

據兩篇祭文所稱，很早就入侍宮闈的富察氏具有敦厚持重的品德。不僅以賢良謹慎為內心的根本，還恭敬勤懇地承擔宮中的職守，因而在宮中有著賢明的名聲。雍正六年五月二十八日午時，生乾隆帝之長子永璜。雍正九年四月二十七日寅時，生皇次女。

富察氏為尚為皇子的乾隆帝生下一對子女，前程似錦。不幸的是富察氏年紀輕輕就在弘曆即位前兩個月，即雍正十三年七月初三日 (1735年8月20日）亡故，死時只有二十來歲。富察氏的靈柩最初暫安于東直門外，旋即改在新修的六股道殯所停放。

雍正十三年九月十四日，剛登極的高宗下旨追封「從前病故富察氏格格」為妃，並且命人安排追封和祭祀等的事宜。乾隆元年（1736年）九月中旬，弘曆下旨追封這位早逝的妃富察氏為哲妃。

根據《養吉齋叢錄》的記載，「明知周通曰哲」，所以部分滿譯漢的清宮檔案曾把「哲妃」錯誤翻譯成「明妃」。根據內務府《鴻稱通用》的記載，哲字的滿文意思為「乾淨」或「清楚」，後來的追謚「哲憫」中「憫」字的滿文意思則為可惜。

乾隆元年十月，在富察氏靈柩暫安的六股道殯所舉行追封禮，參考雍正元年六月追封聖祖敏妃為皇考敬敏皇貴妃的禮儀，並朗讀祭文致祭亡者一次。實際上，乾隆帝登基前，尚有數位早逝的格格，惟最後只追封為其生下子女的格格富察氏。

乾隆初年曾有在中元節和閏七月十一日為已故哲妃做盂蘭道場的記錄。乾隆十年正月二十四日，乾隆帝又以哲妃生育皇長子永璜，追晉為皇貴妃，正月二十六日賜謚哲憫。同年五月，靜安莊殯宮哲憫皇貴妃券殿前添建鼓棚抱廈三間，並且建造祭房並各項看守值房三十二間、添砌牆垣築、打灰土甬路和平墊地面等項，工程於十二月完竣。

乾隆十三年四月二十一日，皇貴妃輝發那拉氏率領後宮諸人到靜安莊祭奠在此處停靈的慧賢皇貴妃和哲憫皇貴妃。乾隆十七年十月二十七日，與孝賢皇后和慧賢皇貴妃同日入葬裕陵。

家族

哲憫皇貴妃這一支富察氏的祖先為尼雅唐鄂，在其孫輩或曾孫輩時被編入八旗。哲憫皇貴妃的父親翁果圖是尼雅唐鄂的七世孫，其族人多任佐領、步軍校、防禦、筆帖式等職位，無三品以上職官。

乾隆初年編修的《八旗滿洲氏族通譜》，以及《愛新覺羅宗譜》對哲憫皇貴妃家族的記錄如下：

• 始祖：尼雅唐鄂

• 天祖父輩：透德，原任佐領

• 高祖父輩：齊納喀，原任博士；金特赫，原任歩軍校；伊瑪圖，原任防禦；哲士原任驍騎校。

• 曾祖父輩：穆克，原任防禦；塞勒，原任筆帖式；書綬，原任筆帖式；書舒，原任䕶軍校；巴林，現任防禦。

• 祖父輩：古岱，原任佐領。

• 父輩：翁果圖，原任佐領；外圖，原任防禦；庫秦，原任驍騎校。

• 同輩：鈕穆順，現任協領。

• 妹：雲騎尉覺羅永清嫡妻，生一子覺羅祥鼐，乾隆丙戌進士，直隸布政使。

註譯