Life

Bi Gui's father, Bi Zili (畢子禮), served as a Colonel of Agriculture (典農校尉) in the late Eastern Han dynasty during the reign of Emperor Xian. Bi Gui, who was from Dongping Commandery (東平郡; covering parts of present-day Shandong and Henan), was known for his talent since he was young.

When Cao Rui was still the crown prince, Bi Gui served in the Imperial Academy. He was appointed as a Chief Clerk (長史) in the final years of the reign of Cao Pi, the first ruler of Wei. In 227, Cao Rui ascended the throne upon the death of his father, Cao Pi. Bi Gui became very wealthy as he not only served as a Gentleman of the Yellow Gate, but also had his son married to a Wei princess.

Bi Gui was appointed as the Inspector (刺史) of Bing Province later and was known for behaving arrogantly while he was in office. Around the time, the Xianbei tribes in the north often raided the Wei border and killed Wei citizens. Around 233, Budugen, a Xianbei chieftain who had initially submitted to Wei, was discovered to be secretly maintaining contact with Kebineng, another Xianbei leader who had been staging raids at the Wei border. Bi Gui wrote a memorial to the Wei court, requesting for permission to attack the Xianbei and pressure Budugen into remaining loyal to Wei. Cao Rui read the memorial and felt that it was unwise to attack the Xianbei at the time because it would only result in Budugen and Kebineng becoming more united. He issued an order to Bi Gui, ordering the latter to not advance beyond Juzhu (句注). However, Bi Gui received the order too late as he had already led an army past Juzhu and was garrisoning at Yinguan (陰館). He ordered his deputies Su Shang (蘇尚) and Dong Bi (董弼) to lead their forces to attack the Xianbei. Kebineng sent about 1,000 horsemen to reinforce Budugen. They encountered the Wei army led by Su Shang and Dong Bi and clashed at Loufan (樓煩). The Wei forces were defeated and both Su Shang and Dong Bi were killed in action. Budugen rebelled against Wei and led his forces to join Kebineng and they raided Wei's border together. The Xianbei were driven away later by an army led by the Wei general Qin Lang. The Wei official Jiang Ji suggested to Cao Rui to reassign Bi Gui to another province on the grounds that Bi was not competent enough to govern Bing Province, an important location in Wei.

During the Zhengshi era (240–249) in the reign of Cao Fang (Cao Rui's successor), Bi Gui was consecutively appointed as Central Protector of the Army, Palace Attendant (侍中), Master of Writing (尚書) and Colonel-Director of Retainers (司隷校尉). He became a close aide to the Wei regent Cao Shuang, who often heeded his advice. Bi Gui, Ding Mi (丁謐) and Cao Shuang's other aides urged Cao to be wary of his co-regent Sima Yi, whom they considered a threat to their lord. In 249, Sima Yi successfully seized power from Cao Shuang in the Incident at Gaoping Tombs and had Cao and all his associates arrested. Bi Gui, Cao Shuang and Cao's other aides were executed along with their families for alleged treason.

生平

畢軌年輕時就因他的才能而有名聲。黃初年間，曹叡受策封為太子，畢軌就擔任其文學。黃初末年畢軌到地方任長史，曹叡即位後徵召畢軌回京任黃門郎，並嫁公主給畢軌之子，畢軌家於是相當富有。及後畢軌獲任命為并州刺史，但他因自己的地位而顯得很驕傲和放縱。同時北方胡族常常侵擾邊郡和殺害吏民，太和六年（232年），畢軌因投降曹魏的鮮卑首領步度根與對抗曹魏的鮮卑首領軻比能勾結，上表領兵討伐。曹叡接到上表後認為討伐只會令到兩部鮮卑團結起來，難以對付，不能振曹魏聲威，命令畢軌不能派兵越過句注山；但詔書到時，軍隊已到了句注山西北的陰館。畢軌派了將軍蘇尚和董弼追擊鮮卑，但在樓煩被擊敗，兩個將軍都戰死，步度根於是就與軻比能合作，一同擾邊。最後曹叡派驍騎將軍秦朗擊退步度根等。

正始年間，輔政的大將軍曹爽徵命畢軌任中護軍，後轉侍中、尚書，後再遷司隸校尉，作為自己腹心。畢軌與曹爽交好，給曹爽的意見大多都被接納。正始十年（249年），高平陵之變發生，司馬懿發動兵變，稱奉「皇太后詔」罷免曹爽等人，並封閉洛陽城和接管曹爽和曹羲的軍隊，曹爽最終投降。不久曹爽被控以謀反，畢軌亦被指控與曹爽一起圖謀，與何晏、鄧颺等黨羽一起被捕，後被誅殺，夷三族。