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中国哲学书电子化计划 数据维基
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-> 司马迁

司马迁[查看正文] [修改] [查看历史]
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关系对象文献依据
typeperson
name司马迁
born-145
died-86
authority-cbdb439127
authority-sinica18369
authority-viaf9817411
authority-wikidataQ9372
link-wikipedia_zh司马迁
link-wikipedia_enSima_Qian
associated-dynastydynasty:汉四库全书总目提要·卷45 史部·正史类》:汉司马迁撰,褚少孙补。
司马迁(前145年 - 不可考),字子长,龙门(今陕西韩城)人,是西汉时期著名的史学家和文学家。司马迁所撰写的《史记》被公认为是中国史书的典范,首创的纪传体撰史方法为后来历代正史所传承,被后世尊称为史圣,又因曾任太史令,故自称太史公

显示更多...: 人物生平   早期经历   自序   获罪   卒殁   历史评价   主要作品   《史记》   其他作品   家族   直系祖先   后代   传说   后世纪念   影视   注释  

以上介绍摘自维基百科;若有错漏,敬请在维基百科上修改来源条目

Sima Qian (; ; – ) was a Chinese historian of the early Han dynasty (206 – AD220). He is considered the father of Chinese historiography for his Records of the Grand Historian, a general history of China in the Jizhuanti style (纪传体) covering more than two thousand years beginning from the rise of the legendary Yellow Emperor and the formation of the first Chinese polity to the reigning sovereign of Sima Qian's time, Emperor Wu of Han. As the first universal history of the world as it was known to the ancient Chinese, the Records of the Grand Historian served as a model for official history-writing for subsequent Chinese dynasties and the Chinese cultural sphere (Korea, Vietnam, Japan) up until the 20th century.

Sima Qian's father Sima Tan (司马谈) first conceived of the ambitious project of writing a complete history of China, but only completed some preparatory sketches at the time of his death. After inheriting his father's position as court historian in the imperial court, he was determined to fulfill his father's dying wish of composing and putting together this epic work of history. However, in 99 BC, he would fall victim to the Li Ling affair for speaking out in defense of the general, who was blamed for an unsuccessful campaign against the Xiongnu. Given the choice of being executed or castrated, he chose the latter in order to finish his historical work. Although he is universally remembered for the Records, surviving works indicate that he was also a gifted poet and prose writer, and he was instrumental in the creation of the Taichu calendar, which was officially promulgated in 104 BC.

As his position in the imperial court was "Grand Historian" (tàishǐ 太史, variously translated as court historian, scribe, or astronomer/astrologer), later generations would accord him with the honorific title of "Lord Grand Historian" (Tàishǐ Gōng 太史公) for his monumental work, though his magnum opus was completed many years after his tenure as Grand Historian ended in disgrace and after his acceptance of punitive actions against him, including imprisonment, castration, and subjection to servility. He was acutely aware of the importance of his work to posterity and its relationship to his own personal suffering. In the postface of the Records, he implicitly compared his universal history of China to the classics of his day, the Guoyu by Zuoqiu Ming, Lisao by Qu Yuan, and the Art of War by Sun Bin, pointing out that their authors all suffered great personal misfortunes before their lasting monumental works could come to fruition. Sima Qian is depicted in the Wu Shuang Pu (无双谱, Table of Peerless Heroes) by Jin Guliang.

显示更多...: Early life and education   As Han court official   The Li Ling affair   Later years and death   Records of the Grand Historian   Format   Influences and works influenced   Innovations and unique features   Literary figure   Other literary works   Astronomer/astrologer   Family   Unsubstantiated descendants  

以上介绍摘自维基百科;若有错漏,敬请在维基百科上修改来源条目

主題關係
史记creator
史记creator

文献资料引用次数
北史1
河南通志1
两汉三国学案3
文昌杂录1
史讳举例1
新唐书2
容斋三笔1
全上古三代秦汉三国六朝文4
御定佩文斋书画谱1
续资治通鉴1
御定渊鉴类函2
万姓统谱1
大清一统志3
陕西通志1
隋书2
苌楚斋三笔1
明史4
资治通鉴考异1
全唐文2
山堂肆考2
皇朝文献通考1
御定骈字类编1
清稗类钞1
汉书4
四川通志1
四库全书总目提要23
文献通考18
资治通鉴3
通志2
后汉书10
直斋书录解题12
苕溪渔隐丛话1
巵林6
晋书1
辽史2
元史1
蜀中广记1
宋书2
名贤氏族言行类稿2
江西通志2
册府元龟10
明史纪事本末1
湖广通志1
山西通志2
授经图义例2
史记2
宋史16
明文海2
四库全书简明目录1
氏族大全2
文选4
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