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廣韻[查看正文] [修改] [查看歷史]ctext:135614
《廣韻》的全名是《大宋重修廣韻》，是宋真宗大中祥符元年（公元1008年）陳彭年等人奉詔，根據更早的《切韻》、《唐韻》等韻書修訂成的一部韻書。這使得《廣韻》成為中國古代第一部由政府主修的韻書。《廣韻》共5卷，每卷的韻目下面都有一些為某韻字加注「獨用」，或與其它某韻相同字「同用」的字樣。它也可以被看成是一部同韻字典。從王仁昫的《刊謬補缺切韻》開始，及至孫愐的《唐韻》，韻字都加入注釋，並且引文都有出處，于是韻書便同時具有字典的功能。《廣韻》的名稱本來就有增廣隋唐韻書的意思，其韻數、小韻數、字數都較以前的韻書有增加。據《廣韻》的卷首記載，共收字26194個，註解的文字191692個。明代邵光祖《切韻指掌圖檢例》說：「按《廣韻》凡二萬五千三百字，其中有切韻者三千八百九十文（即有小韻3890個）。」而根據最新的校正，應為3874個小韻，儘管其中有少數幾個聲韻地位重合。 The Guangyun (Kuang-yun; 廣韻 Guǎngyùn, literally Broad Rimes) is a Chinese rime dictionary that was compiled from 1007 to 1008 under the patronage of Emperor Zhenzong of Song. Its full name was Dà Sòng chóngxiū guǎngyùn (, literally "Great Song revised and expanded rhymes"). Chen Pengnian (, 961–1017) and Qiu Yong were the chief editors.The dictionary is a revision and expansion of the influential Qieyun rime dictionary of 601, and was itself later revised as the Jiyun. Pingshui Yun system, the standard for poetry rhyming after the Song Dynasty, is also based on Guangyun. Until the discovery of an almost complete early 8th century edition of the Qieyun in 1947, the Guangyun was the most accurate available account of the Qieyun phonology, and was heavily used in early work on the reconstruction of Middle Chinese. It is still used as a major source.
The Guangyun has a similar hierarchical organization to the Qieyun:
• The dictionary is split into four tones in five volumes, two for the Middle Chinese level tone and one each for the three oblique tones, rising, departing and entering.
• Each tone is split into rimes, with a total of 206 final rimes, increased from 193 in the Qieyun.
• Each rime is divided into groups of homophonous characters, with the pronunciation of each group given by a fanqie formula.
The dictionary has a total of 26,194 character entries, each containing a brief explanation of the character's meaning.
The Unihan database incorporates the "SBGY" (Songben Guangyun; "Song edition Guangyun") dataset with 25,334 head-entries for 19,583 characters.
| 文獻資料 | 引用次數 |
|---|---|
| 音韻日月燈 | 1 |
| 四庫全書總目提要 | 1 |
| 合併字學篇韻便覽 | 1 |
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