唐寅（1470年3月6日 - 1524年），字
伯虎，小字
子畏，以字行，号
六如居士、
桃花庵主、
逃禅仙吏等，直隶苏州府吴县人，[明代]著名画家、文学家。江南四大才子之一]之一。在画史上又与
沈周、
文徵明、仇英合称「明世稳」或「吴门四家」。
唐寅出生于世商家庭，有一妹一弟，父亲 ，经营一家酒店。唐寅作品以《落霞孤鹜图》、《春山伴侣图》、《虚阁晚凉图》、《杏花茅屋图》、人物画闻名于世。民间有很多关于唐伯虎的传说，最为人熟悉的《唐伯虎点秋香》曾多次被改编成戏剧，以及拍成电视剧及电影，也宣传、加深了唐伯虎在民间的形象。
显示更多...: 生平 家庭 创作 诗作 画作 民间传说及文学中的唐寅 衍生作品
生平
唐寅于明成化六年（1470年）二月初四生于苏州府吴趋里 ，父唐广德，母丘氏。父为在苏州吴趋里开设食肆，家境只能算是小康。据唐寅写给文徵明的信上说他自己年轻的时候：「居身屠酤，鼓刀涤血。」又说：「参杂舆隶屠贩之中。」唐寅有一妹一弟，弟名申，字子重，。
成化二十一年（1485年），十六岁的他经初等考试后后即成为生员，但对求取功名一事并不热衷。成化二十四年（1488年）娶妻徐氏，是的徐廷端次女。弘治七年（1494年），父亲、妻子相继在年底病逝。隔年年初母亲、妹妹又相继撒手。一下子痛失四位亲人，只剩下他与他的弟弟互相依持。
三年守丧之后，也许是受到祝允明的劝慰，他才认真读了一年书，参加弘治十一年（1498年）年应天府（南京）乡试，得第一名解元。因此在唐寅许多画作中，可以见到「南京解元」的印章。此时唐寅声名大噪，当年的南京的主考官梁储看了唐寅的文章，不禁说道：「士固有若是奇者耶？解元在是矣！」对唐寅才气洋溢的行文相当称赞，并引介给隔年会试主考官程敏政。而且在此之前，唐寅已经认识吴地大儒文林（文徵明父）、王鏊、倪岳、吴宽等人，在文坛上相当受到大家的看重。
隔年会试，唐寅与徐经（徐霞客高祖父）一同赴考。二月底，华昶突然参奏，称程敏政事先泄题给徐经、唐寅，要求暂缓放榜。明孝宗即要求当时一同的会试官李东阳覆查，李东阳回报称程所挑中的试卷当中，没有徐唐二人的卷子，华昶即因有诬告之嫌，送锦衣卫镇抚司查问。当时程敏政、徐经、唐寅都已经在狱中。
后工科都给事中林廷玉替华昶辩解，说：「昶虽言不当，不为身家计也。今所劾之官，晏然如故，而身先就狱。后若有事，谁复肯为言者？」两边各执一词。也许孝宗对此感到厌烦，遂命「三法司及锦衣卫廷鞫之」。徐经也许害怕遭刑求，竟称「敏政尝受其金币」，后又遭拷问，才坦承是诬指。然而仍将程敏政、徐经、唐寅三人治罪，程为「临财苟得，有玷文衡」，要他致仕。徐经、唐寅则是「夤缘求进」之罪折抵赎金，后被派发浙江充吏役，唐寅坚辞不就。
唐寅从此绝意仕途，后漫游华中、江南诸山。弘治十八年（1505年），谋求建桃花庵别业，作《王氏泽福祠堂记》。正德四年（1509年），唐寅在苏州城北的宋人章庄简废园址上筑室桃花坞，创作大量优秀作品，其人物画多描写古今仕女生活和历史故事。唐寅的画作中有一印刻「江南第一风流才子」，虽然历代对此作品之真伪也颇多争议，但此名遂为后世流传，称之为「风流才子」、「风流画家」等。
正德九年（1514年）于江西南昌，任宁王朱宸濠幕宾，唐寅在幕府，发现宁王谋图造反，于是饮酒狎妓、装疯裸奔，逼得宁王放他回苏州；
嘉靖二年十二月初二（1524年1月7日）去世，葬在桃花坞北，身后仅遗一女，嫁王宠之子。唐寅弟唐申以子唐绍宗（字兆民）过继予唐寅。
家庭
• 第一任妻子，徐氏，徐廷瑞次女。
• 第二任妻子，何氏。
• 第三任妻子，沈九娘。
创作
据称唐寅作画时间甚早，而且无师自通。吴一鹏在《贞寿图卷》上提款：「岁丙午，子畏年止十七，而山石树枝如篆籀，人物衣褶如铁丝。少诣如是，岂非天授！」早年唐寅可能也跟文徵明一样，向沈周学画。如王穉登在《吴郡丹青志》中的《沈周先生传》里写：「一时名士，如唐寅文壁（徵明）之流，咸出龙门，往往致于风云之表。」但如今所看到唐寅的画作中，有沈周影响的风格很少，可能早年作品亦多不存，所以难以知道。
唐寅较为人所理解的，是拜画家周臣为师。研究认为他也许是在泄题案之后，才开始向周臣请益。由于周臣的画风远摹南宋画家李唐、刘松年，所以唐寅的作品也多被人认为有李刘风格。美术史对唐寅山水画的讨论中有周臣代笔的问题，目前仍没有比较清晰的理解。唐寅的作品以山水画、人物画出名，亦有花鸟竹石的作品存世。一般而言，都将唐寅的绘画风格分做三期，但由于许多有纪年的作品多集中在唐寅的晚年，早年的风格分期便有许多争议。唐寅书法亦好，早年的书风比较靠近颜真卿，后来比较接近李邕、赵孟俯。
自明末以来，在讨论唐寅作品，均把他分到吴派，并与沈周、文徵明、仇英等画家并称「吴门四家」，或称「明四大家」。但唐寅的画风与沈周、文徵明并不相同，而严格来说，也不能将唐寅的风格迳归为吴派。因为相较于一般吴派多追随元四大家的画风，唐寅作品里元四家的影响相当的少，反而有比较多南宋院画家的影子。但多数的人，都称唐寅是揉合「南」、「北」的重要画家。
诗作
唐寅诗风相当特别，据说他早年曾下过苦工在钻研《昭明文选》，因此早年作品多很工整妍丽，很接近六朝清淡的气息。被诬泄题案以后的诗作，多有感自己的处境，写起来情意真挚，自然流露，虽然在字句上不见得推敲的很精鍊，但可以感觉到唐寅信手拈来的才气。
他的诗作，有《百忍歌》、《上吴天官书》、《江南四季歌》、《桃花庵歌》、《一年歌》、《闲中歌》等。
画作
山水画
• 《山路松声图》，国立故宫博物院藏
• 《江南农事图》，国立故宫博物院藏
• 《双松飞瀑图》，国立故宫博物院藏
• 《金阊别意图》，国立故宫博物院藏
• 《函关雪霁图》，国立故宫博物院藏
• 《洞庭黄茅渚图》，上海博物馆藏
• 《梦仙草堂图》，大都会博物馆藏
• 《西洲话旧图》，国立故宫博物院藏
人物画
• 《班姬团扇图》，国立故宫博物院藏
• 《王蜀宫伎图》，北京故宫博物院藏
• 《嫦娥图》，大都会博物馆藏
• 《李端端乞诗图》，南京博物院藏
• 《仿唐人仕女图》，国立故宫博物院藏
• 《陶榖赠词图》，国立故宫博物院藏
花鸟画
• 《枯槎鸜鹆图》
民间传说及文学中的唐寅
唐寅娶的并非秋香，亦无所谓「点秋香」的轶事。根据考证，唐寅一生共有三位妻子，十九岁时娶徐氏，是徐廷瑞的次女，但在他大约廿四岁的时候病逝。后来可能又有娶一女，但碰到科举弊案的牵累而遭去。后娶沈氏，或名「九娘」，一传十、十传百之下变成唐伯虎娶了九个妻妾。
而秋香根本不是华府的俏婢女，而是南京一名颇有名气的青楼妓女，命途坎坷。然而明末文学大家冯梦龙所著小说《警世通言》中第二十六卷《唐解元一笑姻缘》说及唐寅曾为街上婢女对其一笑，而追随至一大户人家倭身为仆，后来被发现，将婢女赐予唐寅，该婢女就名秋香。
正德九年（1514年）于江西南昌，任宁王朱宸濠幕宾，唐寅在幕府，发现宁王谋图造反，于是饮酒狎妓、装疯裸奔，逼得宁王放他回苏州；名剧《唐伯虎点秋香》就是以其离开宁王的这段历史为背景，所创作的虚构故事。
衍生作品
;电影
• 1937年:《唐伯虎点秋香（三笑姻缘）》（香港南洋影片公司） 邝山笑饰 唐伯虎，梁雪霏饰 秋香
• 1953年:《新唐伯虎与秋香》 何非凡饰 唐伯虎，芳艳芬饰 秋香
• 1954年:《唐伯虎点秋香》（香港鸿福影片公司） 司马禄郎饰 唐伯虎，郑碧影饰 秋香
• 1956年:《唐伯虎与秋香》（香港光华影片公司） 刘琦饰 唐伯虎，葛兰饰 秋香
• 1957年:《唐伯虎点秋香》（香港立达影业公司） 任剑辉饰 唐伯虎，白雪仙饰 秋香
• 1958年:《唐伯虎点秋香》（香港龙华公司） 萧鸣饰 唐伯虎，石黛饰 秋香
• 1964年:《三笑》（香港长城电影制片有限公司） 向群饰 唐伯虎，陈思思饰 秋香
• 1969年:《三笑》（香港邵氏兄弟（香港）有限公司) 凌波饰 唐伯虎，李菁饰 秋香
• 1975年:《三笑姻缘》 龙剑笙饰 唐伯虎，梅雪诗饰 秋香
• 1977年:《风流伯虎荡秋香》 华伦饰 唐伯虎
• 1993年:《唐伯虎点秋香》 周星驰 饰唐伯虎，巩俐饰 秋香
• 2010年:《三笑之才子佳人》 郭德纲饰唐伯虎，姚笛饰 秋香
• 2011年:《唐伯虎点秋香2之四大才子》 黄晓明饰唐伯虎，张静初饰 秋香
;电视
• 1976年:《民间传奇之三笑》（香港无綫电视） 郑少秋饰 唐伯虎，吕有慧饰 秋香
• 1983年:《唐伯虎三戏秋香》（香港亚洲电视） 刘纬民饰 唐伯虎，余安安饰 秋香
• 1984年:《风流才子唐伯虎》 杨丽花饰 唐伯虎，许秀年饰 秋香
• 1989年:中视歌仔戏《江南四才子》 黄香莲饰 唐伯虎，廖丽君饰 秋香
• 1992年:《伯虎为卿狂》（香港亚洲电视） 孙兴饰 唐伯虎，伍咏薇饰 秋香
• 1998年：《唐伯虎》又名《风流才子唐伯虎》蔡国庆饰 唐伯虎茹萍饰 秋香
• 2000年:《金装四大才子》（香港无綫电视） 张家辉饰 唐伯虎，关咏荷饰 秋香
• 台视 连续剧《唐伯虎点秋香》苏炳宪饰 唐伯虎。
• 2002年:《风流少年唐伯虎》 黄晓明饰 唐伯虎，郑家榆饰 秋香
• 2010年:《秋香怒点唐伯虎》（香港无綫电视） 陈豪饰 唐伯虎，胡杏儿饰 秋香
• 2014年：《江南四大才子》（浙江卫视）刘恺威饰 唐伯虎，张俪饰 秋香
;舞台剧
• 2011年:《江南第一风流才子》 黄香莲饰 唐伯虎，陈凤桂饰 秋香
以上介绍摘自维基百科；若有错漏，敬请在维基百科上修改
来源条目。
Tang Yin (唐寅 Táng Yín|cy=Tong Yan; 1470–1524), courtesy name
Bohu (伯虎), was a Chinese painter, calligrapher, and poet of the
Ming dynasty period whose life story has become a part of popular lore. Even though he was born during the Ming dynasty, many of his paintings, especially those of people, were illustrated with elements from Pre-Tang to
Song dynasty art.
Tang Yin is one of the most notable painters in the history of Chinese art. He is one of the "Four Masters of Ming dynasty」 (Ming Si Jia), which also includes Shen Zhou (1427–1509), Wen Zhengming (1470–1559) and Qiu Ying (c. 1495-1552). His influence on the art of contemporaries, like Cai Han, is notable. Tang was also a talented poet, and together with his contemporaries Wen Zhengming, Zhu Yunming (1460–1526), and Xu Zhenqing, he was one of the "Four Literary Masters of the Wuzhong Region".
Tang's eccentric lifestyle has prompted storytellers to immortalize him as a trickster character in Chinese folklore. In one such story, he falls in love with a slave girl whom he glimpses on the boat of a high official passing through Suzhou. He has himself sold as a slave to the official's household so that he may approach her. With the help of his friends, he eventually succeeds in bringing her home. This story prompted the playwright Three Words by Feng Menglong and the opera The Three Smiles.
Tang emerged from the vital merchant class of Suzhou, at a very low economic level of the son of a restaurant operator. Contrary to some accounts, he seems to have studied assiduously during his youth, paying little attention to the worldly charms. His genius, which would later gain him renown as the supreme talent of the Jiangnan area (Southern China), soon drew him into the wealthy, powerful, and talented circles of Suzhou. Wen Zhengming became his friend; Wen's father, Wen Lin (1445–99), acted as something of a patron, making the right connections for him.
He was a brilliant student and became the protégé of Wen Lin. His friends in Suzhou's scholarly circles included Shen Zhou, Wu Kuan (1436–1504) and Zhu Yunming. In 1498 Tang Yin came first in the provincial examinations in Nanjing, the second stage in the Imperial examination ladder. The following year he went to the capital to sit the national examinations, but he and his friend Xu Jing (?- 1507) were accused of bribing the servant of one of the chief examiners to give them the examination questions in advance. All parties were jailed, and Tang Yin returned to Suzhou in disgrace, his justifiably high hopes for a distinguished civil service career dashed forever.
Denied further official progress, he pursued a life of pleasure and earned a living by selling his paintings. That mode of living brought him into disrepute with a later generation of artist-critics (for example, Dong Qichang) who felt that financial independence was vital to enable an artist to follow his own style and inspiration. While Tang is associated with paintings of feminine beauty, his paintings (especially landscapes) otherwise exhibit the same variety and expression of his peers and reveal a man of both artistic skill and profound insight.
显示更多...: Tang Yins calligraphy and poetry The Return Home of Tao Qian Life portrayed in later media Gallery
Tang Yins calligraphy and poetry
Tang Yin perfected an admirable hand in semi-cursive script (also known as running script). His poems touch on themes which people like Wen Zhengming or the older Shen Zhou would have never taken up. Tang seems compelled to deal with the base elements in man - envy, venality, and cupidity. Tragic unfulfillment, driven by belief in the relentlessness of fate and the bitterness of the ultimate truth imbues his more thoughtful poems. At times he is overcome by tragic sorrow for the loss of childlike innocence; at times even love is fraught with ruin and unhappiness. Those poems which do manage to begin on an optimistic note often end on a note of regret.
Tang Yin also wrote A Short Verse on Bamboo:
"The moon sinks in the fourth watch,
Paper windows seem transparent;
Stirring from wine,
I prop my head and read awhile.
High thoughts, I force myself, but can't help it;
Ten stalks, still green in winter, cast profuse shadows."
The Return Home of Tao Qian
The painting, The Return Home of Tao Qian, was acquired by the previous owner, Eve Myers, in 1950. She was an employee of General Chenault's 'Flying Tigers'. She was living in Taiwan at the time when tens of thousands of Chinese were fleeing to Taiwan with whatever they could carry. She died at the age of 95 in Waikiki in 1999. This painting was purchased from her in 1987. In 1989, while visiting a relative in Honolulu, Mr. Cai Ming Yi inspected this painting. He found it to be authentic and wrote his appraisal. He was Director of Ancient Fine Arts Research Section and Chairman of Department of Art History of Graduate School-University of Beijing, China.
Tang's life was the basis for a number of plays and films based on Feng Menglong's story.
• Xin Tang Bohu dian Qiuxiang (Hong Kong, 1953)
• How the Scholar Tang Bohu Won the Maid Qiuxiang (Hong Kong, 1957) In this film, Tang Bohu is played by (Yam Kim-fai).
• The Three Smiles (Hong Kong, 1969) In this film, Tang Bohu is played by (Ivy Ling Po).
• San xiao yin yuan (Hong Kong, 1975) In this film, Tang Bohu is played by (Loong Kim Sang).
• Flirting Scholar (Hong Kong, 1993)
• Flirting Scholar 2 (Hong Kong, 2010)
• Jiang Nan Si Da Cai Zi (The Four Scholars of Jiangnan) (2014)
• Flirting Scholar from the Future (Hong Kong, 2019)
Tang was the subject of a major exhibition at the National Palace Museum, Taipei.
Gallery
Watching the Spring and Listening to the Wind by Tang Yin.jpg|Watching the Spring and Listening to the Wind, Nanjing Museum
Tang Yin - Making the Bride's Gown - Walters 3520.jpg| Making the Bride's Gown
Tao Gu Presents a Poem by Tang Yin.JPG|Tao Gu Presents a Poem (陶谷赠词图)
Tang Yin Whispering Pines.jpg|Mountain Road and Whispering Pines (山路松声)
以上介绍摘自维基百科；若有错漏，敬请在维基百科上修改
来源条目。
