高智周(602年 - 683年),常州晉陵人,
唐朝官員,
唐高宗年間為
宰相。
顯示更多...: 生平 性格 作品 注釋及參考文獻
生平
父親是高子長,曾是隋朝的秘書學士。高智周生于隋文帝仁壽二年(602年)。高智周年輕時好學,中進士。
高智周年輕時曾和郝處俊、來濟、孫處約一同投靠江都人石仲覽。石仲覽傾家蕩產結交四人,要四個人談談自己所期望的事。高智周等三人都說大丈夫除非不做官,否則就要做宰相,只有孫處約說恐怕做不了宰相,只求做舍人。石仲覽讓相工看相,相工對他說:「高智周的顯貴,君是看不到了。來濟會早顯達但最終受挫,高智周晚顯達但長壽。我聽聞很快上升的人容易跌倒,慢慢上進的少禍患,這是天道。」石仲覽死後,四人愈發顯貴,最終都做了宰相。
高智周得補越王府參軍,又累補費縣令,俸祿比縣丞、縣尉高,他把自己的俸祿平均分給他們。治下政策和教化推行得很好,百姓和官吏刻石讚頌他。唐高宗年間,作為當時的豪俊之士,為黃門侍郎兼檢校太子左庶子薛元超表薦,以才聞名當時;與劉禕之、孟利貞、郭正一都以文才知名,時人號為劉、孟、高、郭,後來都在昭文館當值。後高智周得授秘書郎、弘文館直學士,參與編撰皇太子李弘主編的《瑤山玉彩》、《文館辭林》等。曾複盤棋譜、背誦碑文,都沒有錯誤。三遷至蘭台大夫。與司文郎中賀凱、司經大夫王真儒等因擅長儒學,得詔授為太子侍讀。總章元年(668年),請假回鄉葬父母,對親近的人說:「知進而不知退,是取患之道。」于是稱病辭官。
高智周后被起複,授壽州刺史,為政寬容有恩惠,百姓為其所安。他每次拜訪鄉間,都先召見學官,見學生就考試他們的講誦,問以經典大義及時政得失,然後才問耕田、訴訟之事。咸亨二年(671年),召拜正諫大夫,兼檢校禮部侍郎。
上元三年(676年)六月,遷黃門侍郎,授同中書門下三品為實質宰相,兼修國史。儀鳳年間,高智周與左僕射劉仁軌、右僕射戴至德、侍中張文瓘、中書令李敬玄、右庶子郝處俊、黃門侍郎來恆、太子右庶子李義琰、吏部侍郎裴行儉、馬載、兵部侍郎蕭德昭、裴炎、工部侍郎李義琛、刑部侍郎張楚金、金部郎中盧律師等奉命刪緝格式,于儀鳳二年(677年)撰定奏上,即《永徽留本司格後》十一卷。先前李弘于上元二年(675年)去世後,其弟李賢被立為皇太子。儀鳳二年三月,高智周被任為太子左庶子。當時崔知溫、劉景先修國史,高智周與郝處俊也一同監修。調露元年(679年)十一月,轉御史大夫,罷相。早在唐太宗貞觀年間,太子洗馬兼崇賢館學士兼侍讀許叔牙曾撰《毛詩纂義》十卷進于當時的皇太子即唐高宗,高智周曾對人說:「凡是想談論《詩經》的,必須先讀此書。」
永隆元年(680年)八月,時已失寵于高宗有權勢的妻子武皇后(後世稱武則天)的李賢被控謀反,高智周奉命與宰相中書侍郎薛元超、黃門侍郎裴炎及法官等審理此案,于東宮馬坊搜得甲冑數百,李賢被判有罪,遭廢黜流放。高智周累次上表堅請辭職,高宗讚賞他,拜右散騎常侍。又請致仕,獲准。
永淳二年(683年)十月,卒于家,年八十二,贈越州都督,謚定。
性格
高智周和同鄉人義興蔣子慎為友,有客人曾看兩人面相,說:「高公位極人臣,但子嗣薄弱;蔣侯仕途不達,但後人將要興盛。」蔣子慎最終只做到建安尉。其子蔣繪去見高智周,高智周正顯貴,對他說:「我與你父親有舊,你又有才。」把女兒嫁給他為妻,所生子蔣挺歷任湖、延二州刺史,蔣挺的兒子蔣洌、蔣渙都中進士,蔣洌官至尚書左丞,蔣渙官終禮部尚書,封汝南公,蔣洌子蔣錬、蔣渙子蔣銖又都有清白之名。而高智周的後人則早已不為人知。
作品
• 《高智周集》五卷。
注釋及參考文獻
以上介紹摘自維基百科;若有錯漏,敬請在維基百科上修改
來源條目。
Gao Zhizhou (高智周) (602–683) was an official of the Chinese dynasty
Tang Dynasty, serving as chancellor during the reign of
Emperor Gaozong.
Gao Zhizhou was born in 602, during the reign of Emperor Wen of Sui, the founding emperor of Tang's predecessor Sui Dynasty. His family was from what would become Chang Prefecture (常州, roughly modern Changzhou, Jiangsu). He was said to have been studious in his youth and, after passing the imperial examination, served as the county magistrate of Fei County (費縣, in modern Linyi, Shandong). As his salary was higher than those of the sheriff and the secretary general of the county, he shared his salary evenly with them. He was also said to be a capable county magistrate, and the people and subordinate officials carved a stone monument in his honor. Eventually, during the reign of Emperor Gaozong, he was made an imperial scholar and participated in the creation of the literary works Yaoshan Yucai (瑤山玉彩) and Wenguan Cilin (文館辭林), headed by Emperor Gaozong's crown prince Li Hong. Further, he and two other officials, He Kai (賀凱) and Wang Zhenru (王真儒), assisted in Li Hong's studies. In 668, he took a vacation home to bury his parents, and when he reached home, he commented to his relatives, "Knowing how to advance but not how to retreat is the way to disaster." He thereafter, claiming an illness, resigned.
Gao was subsequently recalled to serve as the prefect of Shou Prefecture (壽州, roughly modern Lu'an, Anhui). He was said to be gracious and forgiving in his rule, and the people appreciated it. Whenever he went out to visit the towns, he would first summon the local teachers and students to see how the students were doing in their studies and their understanding of current affairs, before he would move on to the matters of agriculture and law. In 671, he was recalled to the central government to serve as imperial consultant and acting deputy minister of ceremonies. In 676, he was serving as Huangmen Shilang, the deputy head of the examination bureau of government (門下省, Menxia Sheng), when he was given the designation Tong Zhongshu Menxia Sanpin, making him a chancellor de facto. He was also in charge of editing imperial histories. In 677, he was also made a member of the staff of Li Hong's younger brother Li Xian, now crown prince after Li Hong's death in 675. In 679, however, he became imperial censor and was no longer chancellor. In 680, when Li Xian, who had by now lost the favor of Emperor Gaozong's powerful wife Empress Wu (later known as Wu Zetian), was accused of plotting treason, Gao, along with the chancellors Xue Yuanchao and Pei Yan, were in charge of the investigations, and Li Xian was found guilty, deposed, and exiled. Gao, by this point, had repeatedly requested to retire, and Emperor Gaozong granted the retirement request. He died in 683 and was given posthumous honors and the posthumous name Ding (定, "considerate").
以上介紹摘自維基百科;若有錯漏,敬請在維基百科上修改
來源條目。