高智周(602年 - 683年),常州晋陵人,
唐朝官员,
唐高宗年间为
宰相。
显示更多...: 生平 性格 作品 注释及参考文献
生平
父亲是高子长,曾是隋朝的秘书学士。高智周生于隋文帝仁寿二年(602年)。高智周年轻时好学,中进士。
高智周年轻时曾和郝处俊、来济、孙处约一同投靠江都人石仲览。石仲览倾家荡产结交四人,要四个人谈谈自己所期望的事。高智周等三人都说大丈夫除非不做官,否则就要做宰相,只有孙处约说恐怕做不了宰相,只求做舍人。石仲览让相工看相,相工对他说:「高智周的显贵,君是看不到了。来济会早显达但最终受挫,高智周晚显达但长寿。我听闻很快上升的人容易跌倒,慢慢上进的少祸患,这是天道。」石仲览死后,四人愈发显贵,最终都做了宰相。
高智周得补越王府参军,又累补费县令,俸禄比县丞、县尉高,他把自己的俸禄平均分给他们。治下政策和教化推行得很好,百姓和官吏刻石赞颂他。唐高宗年间,作为当时的豪俊之士,为黄门侍郎兼检校太子左庶子薛元超表荐,以才闻名当时;与刘禕之、孟利贞、郭正一都以文才知名,时人号为刘、孟、高、郭,后来都在昭文馆当值。后高智周得授秘书郎、弘文馆直学士,参与编撰皇太子李弘主编的《瑶山玉彩》、《文馆辞林》等。曾复盘棋谱、背诵碑文,都没有错误。三迁至兰台大夫。与司文郎中贺凯、司经大夫王真儒等因擅长儒学,得诏授为太子侍读。总章元年(668年),请假回乡葬父母,对亲近的人说:「知进而不知退,是取患之道。」于是称病辞官。
高智周后被起复,授寿州刺史,为政宽容有恩惠,百姓为其所安。他每次拜访乡间,都先召见学官,见学生就考试他们的讲诵,问以经典大义及时政得失,然后才问耕田、诉讼之事。咸亨二年(671年),召拜正谏大夫,兼检校礼部侍郎。
上元三年(676年)六月,迁黄门侍郎,授同中书门下三品为实质宰相,兼修国史。仪凤年间,高智周与左仆射刘仁轨、右仆射戴至德、侍中张文瓘、中书令李敬玄、右庶子郝处俊、黄门侍郎来恒、太子右庶子李义琰、吏部侍郎裴行俭、马载、兵部侍郎萧德昭、裴炎、工部侍郎李义琛、刑部侍郎张楚金、金部郎中卢律师等奉命删缉格式,于仪凤二年(677年)撰定奏上,即《永徽留本司格后》十一卷。先前李弘于上元二年(675年)去世后,其弟李贤被立为皇太子。仪凤二年三月,高智周被任为太子左庶子。当时崔知温、刘景先修国史,高智周与郝处俊也一同监修。调露元年(679年)十一月,转御史大夫,罢相。早在唐太宗贞观年间,太子洗马兼崇贤馆学士兼侍读许叔牙曾撰《毛诗纂义》十卷进于当时的皇太子即唐高宗,高智周曾对人说:「凡是想谈论《诗经》的,必须先读此书。」
永隆元年(680年)八月,时已失宠于高宗有权势的妻子武皇后(后世称武则天)的李贤被控谋反,高智周奉命与宰相中书侍郎薛元超、黄门侍郎裴炎及法官等审理此案,于东宫马坊搜得甲胄数百,李贤被判有罪,遭废黜流放。高智周累次上表坚请辞职,高宗赞赏他,拜右散骑常侍。又请致仕,获准。
永淳二年(683年)十月,卒于家,年八十二,赠越州都督,谥定。
性格
高智周和同乡人义兴蒋子慎为友,有客人曾看两人面相,说:「高公位极人臣,但子嗣薄弱;蒋侯仕途不达,但后人将要兴盛。」蒋子慎最终只做到建安尉。其子蒋绘去见高智周,高智周正显贵,对他说:「我与你父亲有旧,你又有才。」把女儿嫁给他为妻,所生子蒋挺历任湖、延二州刺史,蒋挺的儿子蒋洌、蒋涣都中进士,蒋洌官至尚书左丞,蒋涣官终礼部尚书,封汝南公,蒋洌子蒋錬、蒋涣子蒋铢又都有清白之名。而高智周的后人则早已不为人知。
作品
• 《高智周集》五卷。
注释及参考文献
以上介绍摘自维基百科;若有错漏,敬请在维基百科上修改
来源条目。
Gao Zhizhou (高智周) (602–683) was an official of the Chinese dynasty
Tang Dynasty, serving as chancellor during the reign of
Emperor Gaozong.
Gao Zhizhou was born in 602, during the reign of Emperor Wen of Sui, the founding emperor of Tang's predecessor Sui Dynasty. His family was from what would become Chang Prefecture (常州, roughly modern Changzhou, Jiangsu). He was said to have been studious in his youth and, after passing the imperial examination, served as the county magistrate of Fei County (费县, in modern Linyi, Shandong). As his salary was higher than those of the sheriff and the secretary general of the county, he shared his salary evenly with them. He was also said to be a capable county magistrate, and the people and subordinate officials carved a stone monument in his honor. Eventually, during the reign of Emperor Gaozong, he was made an imperial scholar and participated in the creation of the literary works Yaoshan Yucai (瑶山玉彩) and Wenguan Cilin (文馆辞林), headed by Emperor Gaozong's crown prince Li Hong. Further, he and two other officials, He Kai (贺凯) and Wang Zhenru (王真儒), assisted in Li Hong's studies. In 668, he took a vacation home to bury his parents, and when he reached home, he commented to his relatives, "Knowing how to advance but not how to retreat is the way to disaster." He thereafter, claiming an illness, resigned.
Gao was subsequently recalled to serve as the prefect of Shou Prefecture (寿州, roughly modern Lu'an, Anhui). He was said to be gracious and forgiving in his rule, and the people appreciated it. Whenever he went out to visit the towns, he would first summon the local teachers and students to see how the students were doing in their studies and their understanding of current affairs, before he would move on to the matters of agriculture and law. In 671, he was recalled to the central government to serve as imperial consultant and acting deputy minister of ceremonies. In 676, he was serving as Huangmen Shilang, the deputy head of the examination bureau of government (门下省, Menxia Sheng), when he was given the designation Tong Zhongshu Menxia Sanpin, making him a chancellor de facto. He was also in charge of editing imperial histories. In 677, he was also made a member of the staff of Li Hong's younger brother Li Xian, now crown prince after Li Hong's death in 675. In 679, however, he became imperial censor and was no longer chancellor. In 680, when Li Xian, who had by now lost the favor of Emperor Gaozong's powerful wife Empress Wu (later known as Wu Zetian), was accused of plotting treason, Gao, along with the chancellors Xue Yuanchao and Pei Yan, were in charge of the investigations, and Li Xian was found guilty, deposed, and exiled. Gao, by this point, had repeatedly requested to retire, and Emperor Gaozong granted the retirement request. He died in 683 and was given posthumous honors and the posthumous name Ding (定, "considerate").
以上介绍摘自维基百科;若有错漏,敬请在维基百科上修改
来源条目。