宋之问（约656年 - 712年），字
延清，一名
少连。汾州（今山西省汾阳市）人。唐朝著名诗人。著有《宋之问集》。
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生平
之问弱冠即有文名，是刘希夷的舅舅。唐上元二年（675年）舅甥双双进士及第。但之问因为想抄袭刘希夷所写《代悲白头翁》诗中的「年年岁岁花相似，岁岁年年人不同 」诗句，向刘询问，刘一开始答应，不久又反悔。宋之问大怒，就用土袋将刘希夷活埋。
之问历任洛州参军、尚方监丞、左奉宸内供奉。宋之问长得一表人才，写得一手好诗，却因口臭不能当男宠。之问甚是惭恨，常含鸡舌香（丁香）于口中。他曾为张易之兄弟手捧溺器，而「天下丑其行。」。在京时期，他与沈佺期并称为「沈宋」，与陈子昂、卢藏用、司马承祯、王适、毕构、李白、孟浩然、王维、贺知章称为「仙宗十友」，和陈子昂及杨炯、骆宾王、杜审言等有交往。武则天时因附张易之，连坐，降官为泷州（今广东罗定县）参军，宋之问与宋之逊暗中逃回洛阳。躲在光禄卿、驸马都尉王同皎家借宿。神龙二年（706年）三月，张仲之与王同皎等人密谋暗杀武三思。之问为了立功，派使兄长宋之逊之子宋昙、外甥李悛同给事中冉祖雍向武三思告密。不久以功升为鸿胪主簿，官至吏部考功员外郎，修文馆学士，史称「宋考功」。
后又谄事太平公主，以知贡举时贪贿，景龙三年（709年）岁暮，贬越州长史。唐睿宗即位，被流放到钦州（今广东钦县），玄宗先天初年，被赐死于桂州驿站。
文学
诗与沈佺期齐名，并称「沈宋」，为近体诗定型的代表诗人。所作多粉饰太平、颂扬功德之应制诗，靡丽精巧，尤善五言律诗，对初唐律体之定型颇有贡献，尤其贬谪之后，诗句逐渐简单辽阔，但开盛唐气象。钱木庵《唐音审体》说：「律诗始于初唐，至沈宋而其格始备。」
代表作
渡汉江
题大庾岭北驿
著作
• 武平一所纂《宋之问集》10卷，已佚。
• 《四部丛刊续编》所收明人辑《宋之问集》 2卷。
注释
外部链接
以上介绍摘自维基百科；若有错漏，敬请在维基百科上修改
来源条目。
Song Zhiwen (c. 660–712), also known by his courtesy name of
Yanqing, was a Chinese poet of the early Tang dynasty, although technically his poetic career was largely within the anomalous dynastic interregnum of
Wu Zetian. Together with
Shen Quanqi, Song Zhiwen is considered to have the "credit for the final perfection" of the "new style" poetry of regulated verse (
jintishi) which was one of the most critical poetic developments of the early Tang poets, and much followed as a style which inspired future generations of poets.
He was ordered to commit suicide after Xuanzong came to the throne, ostensibly because of unwise involvement in the politics of the imperial succession.
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Poetry
Song Zhiwen was particularly known for his five-character-regular-verse, or wujue, one of which is included in the famous poetry anthology Three Hundred Tang Poems.
As an outstanding court poet in Early Tang dynasty, Song Zhiwen's poems are famous for his regulated verse which are regarded as lüshi, including heptasyllabic songs. His early opuses focus on court life and imperially assigned poems. Later, he prefers to write landscapes and inner embitterment feelings due to exile. His most famous poems are "度大庾岭" (A.D.705) and "渡汉江" (Crossing the Han River, A.D.706). Actually, he rather creates court poems than other topics when he stays in the royal circle, while composing lyrics instead when he is banished from the capital.
以上介绍摘自维基百科；若有错漏，敬请在维基百科上修改
来源条目。
