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关系	对象	文献依据
type	person
name	闽嗣王	default
name	嗣王
name	王延翰
ruled	dynasty:闽
from-date 同光四年正月戊午 926/2/15
to-date 元年十一月癸未 927/1/6
authority-wikidata	Q2109907
link-wikipedia_zh	王延翰
link-wikipedia_en	Wang_Yanhan

闽嗣王王延翰（闽东语平话字：；？ - 927年），字子逸，五代时期闽国君主，王审知之长子。妻博陵郡夫人崔氏。

王审知在位时任威武军节度副使。同光三年（925年），王审知去世，王延翰奉遗命继立，权知军府事，自称威武留后，向后唐朝贡。汀州人陈本起兵，聚集三万人围攻汀州。王延翰派右军都监柳邕等人，以二万人前往讨伐，将其斩杀。翌年春二月，后唐庄宗得知王延翰继任之后，任命他为威武军节度使。不久庄宗被弑，明宗继位，改元天成，于夏五月，加其为同平章事。王延翰得知中原大乱，便有割据福建称王之心。十月，王延翰取出《史记》，将其中的「东越列传」的无诸一节翻出来给诸将吏看，并说：「闽，自古王国也。吾今不王，何待之有！」将吏们纷纷劝他割据自立，于是王延翰自称大闽国王，立宫殿，置百官，威仪、文物皆拟天子制，群下称之曰殿下。又追諡王审知为昭武王，但仍奉后唐的正朔。

根据《十国春秋》的记载，王延翰「为人长大，美皙如玉，而好读书、通经史」。但他个性骄傲荒淫，残忍凶暴。《新五代史》中也记载了王延翰的荒淫，他在王审知丧服未除的时候便开始饮酒作乐。他于福州的西湖「筑室十馀里，号曰水晶宫；每携后庭游宴，从子城复道以出」。王延翰命人四处寻找民女，投入后宫作为自己的妾。其妻崔氏「陋而淫」，「延翰不能制」。这些被选入宫中的民女命运悲惨，被崔氏关押起来，「系以大械，刻木为人手以击颊，又以铁锥刺之，一岁中死者八十四人」。后来崔氏大病一场，见者认为是被其害死者作祟，不久崔氏便死了。

王延翰看不起自己的兄弟，继位才一个月，便将弟弟王延钧贬为泉州刺史。建州刺史王延禀是王审知的养子，与王延翰一向不睦。当二人得知王延翰四处寻找民女之后，都上书劝阻，王延翰更加大怒。十二月，王延钧与王延禀便联手反叛，进军福州。王延禀自建州顺流而下，先至福州。福州指挥使陈陶率军抵抗，兵败自杀。天成元年十二月初八（阳历927年1月14日）夜，王延禀率壮士百馀人，从西门架梯登城而入，攻取武库，夺取兵器，直趋寝门。王延翰闻变，匿于别室，第二天早晨被王延禀擒获。王延禀历数其暴虐之罪，并声称他和崔氏一起害死了王审知，告谕百姓，斩于紫宸门之外。

王延钧将王延翰葬于城北太平山，建太平地藏院，派丁守墓，称为「王墓」。其地位于今福州市晋安区新店镇，今日被福州人称为「黄墓」。闽东语「黄」与「王」同音，因此被讹作「黄墓」。

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以上介绍摘自维基百科；若有错漏，敬请在维基百科上修改来源条目。

Wang Yanhan (王延翰) (died January 14, 927), courtesy name Ziyi (子逸), was a ruler of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Min. He ruled briefly after the death of his father Wang Shenzhi (Prince Zhongyi) without a regal title, but later declared himself king. Just two months after declaring himself king, he was overthrown and killed in a revolt by his adoptive brother Wang Yanbing and younger biological brother Wang Yanjun. Wang Yanjun took over the state thereafter.

Background

Perhaps because of the briefness of his reign and his eventual fate, little is known about Wang Yanhan's person prior to his reign, including who his mother was or when he was born. It is known that he was the oldest son of Wang Shenzhi the Prince of Min, and that, at least by 925, he was carrying the title of deputy military governor of Weiwu Circuit (威武, headquartered in modern Fuzhou, Fujian) — as his father Wang Shenzhi, at that time, had, among his titles, the title of military governor (Jiedushi) of Weiwu, as a vassal of Later Tang. It was said that Wang Yanhan was handsome, tall, and studious.

When Wang Shenzhi fell ill in summer 925, he had Wang Yanhan take over the affairs of the state. When Wang Shenzhi died later in 925, Wang Yanhan took over the state, but initially did not declare any regal titles, but instead only the title of acting military governor of Weiwu. (A rumor at that time — later claimed to be true by Wang Yanhan's adoptive brother Wang Yanbing — was that Wang Shenzhi was poisoned by Wang Yanhan's wife Lady Cui, but it cannot be known whether the rumor was true.)

As military governor of Weiwu

An immediate crisis that Wang Yanhan had to deal with in the aftermaths of Wang Shenzhi's death was that at the same time, one Chen Ben (陈本), from Ting Prefecture (汀州, in modern Longyan, Fujian) rose against his rule, gathered 30,000 men, and sieged Ting Prefecture. Wang sent his general Liu Yong (柳邕) with 20,000 men to attack Chen. By spring 926, Liu had defeated and killed Chen, ending his rebellion.

Meanwhile, then-reigning emperor of Later Tang, Emperor Zhuangzong, had heard of Wang Yanhan's succession, and bestowed on Wang Yanhan the title of military governor of Weiwu, but shortly after, Emperor Zhuangzong himself was killed in a mutiny. Emperor Zhuangzong was succeeded by his adoptive brother Emperor Mingzong, who confirmed the commission and further gave Wang the honorary chancellor title of Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi (同中书门下平章事).

As king

However, despite these honors granted him by the Later Tang imperial court, Wang Yanhan, who was described to be arrogant and violent by this point, declared himself King of Min in winter 926. He also established a government in the form of an imperial government, referred to his residence as a palace, and declared a general pardon, thus in effect declared independence from Later Tang (as those were all trappings of an emperor), although there was no record of him declaring an era name independent of Later Tang's.

Wang was said to be distant from his brothers, and shortly after he took over control of the state, sent his younger brother Wang Yanjun out of the capital Fu Prefecture to be the prefect of Quan Prefecture (泉州, in modern Quanzhou, Fujian). Further, he was gathering many women among his people to fill his palace. Both Wang Yanjun and an adoptive brother, Wang Yanbing, who was then the prefect of Jian Prefecture (建州, in modern Nanping, Fujian), both advised him against it, but he refused to listen, causing friction between him and both of those brothers. Around the new year 927, Wang Yanbing and Wang Yanjun jointly attacked Fu Prefecture. Wang Yanbing arrived first and defeated Wang Yanhan's general Chen Tao (陈陶), causing Chen to commit suicide. That night, Wang Yanbing took his soldiers, scaled the walls of the city, and entered, capturing Wang Yanhan. Wang Yanbing publicly accused Wang Yanhan of crimes, including murdering their father Wang Shenzhi along with Lady Cui, and executed him. When Wang Yanjun arrived shortly later, Wang Yanbing supported him to be the new acting military governor of Weiwu.