《
捭阖策》又名《
鬼谷子》，相传是战国时代
鬼谷子及其弟子所著，最早见于
明朝嘉靖乙已钞本，内容主要论述外交游说的技巧。在
四库全书中为子部杂家类。
今本《鬼谷子》分上、中、下三卷。上卷有〈捭阖〉、〈反应〉、〈内揵〉、〈抵巇〉四篇；中卷有〈飞箝〉、〈忤合〉、〈揣〉篇、〈摩〉篇、〈权〉篇、〈谋〉篇、〈决〉
篇、〈符言〉八篇；另有〈转丸〉、〈胠乱〉二篇，亡佚已久。下卷含〈本经阴符七术〉、〈持枢〉、〈中经〉等三篇。
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考证
《鬼谷子》长期被疑为伪作。《汉书·艺文志》中有《苏子》三十一篇而不录著《鬼谷子》。《鬼谷子》一书始著录于《隋书》，并称为周代鬼谷先生撰。最早怀疑《鬼谷子》是伪作的是唐代柳宗元的说法：「无鬼谷子，鬼谷子后出。」但《太史公自序》有「故曰：圣人不朽，时变之守」之语，出自《鬼谷子》，可知是书存于西汉之前。司马迁本人可能曾经见到《揣》、《摩》两篇。梁刘勰《文心雕龙》有提及《转丸》、《飞钳》之说。《鬼谷子》这书学界有两派观点，一种观点认为此书为战国鬼谷子所著，另一种观点认为此书是先秦诸子所著。一说《鬼谷子》为苏秦所做，新旧《唐书》皆以为苏秦撰，《鬼谷子》乃苏秦作伪的说法由来已久，最早见于唐司马贞《史记索隐》注引隋人乐壹的观点。《史记‧苏秦列传》「习之于鬼谷先生」乐壹注《鬼谷子》云：「苏秦欲神秘其道，故假名鬼谷。」宋代王应麟、清代姚振宗、孙渊如认为《鬼谷子》是苏秦所作。
皇甫谧是为《鬼谷子》作注的第一人。陶弘景与尹知章等人亦曾为此书作注。目前流行有《鬼谷子集校集注》，许富宏撰，北京中华书局，2008年12月。
注释
以上介绍摘自维基百科；若有错漏，敬请在维基百科上修改
来源条目。
Guiguzi (鬼谷子) is a collection of ancient Chinese texts compiled between the late Warring States period and the end of the
Han Dynasty. The work, between 6,000–7,000 Chinese characters, discusses techniques of rhetoric. Although originally associated with the School of Diplomacy, the Guiguzi was later integrated into the Daoist canon.
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Authorship
There has been much speculation about the identity of the writer of Guiguzi: the origin of his name (literally 'The Sage of Ghost Valley') and the authenticity of the work as a whole. While there has been no final outcome to this discussion, Chinese scholars believe that the compilation reflects a genuine corpus of Warring States period writings on political lobbying. While most writers doubt the assertion that the Guiguzi was written by a single personality, the Records of the Grand Historian do refer to a Guigu Xiansheng (鬼谷先生, i.e., Mr. Guigu) who taught persuaders Su Qin and Zhang Yi. Thus, this Guigu is traditionally considered the founder of the School of Diplomacy (纵横家; ), a school of thought which was particularly interested in rhetoric. Guigu Xiansheng is also said to have taught famous Warring States generals Sun Bin and Pang Juan. The association of the name Wang Xu (王诩) is not generally held to be supported. Whereas books I and II are attributed to the same author, Book III is likely an addition by a later author. There is no material in the text to support the view held by some that Guiguzi is a book on military tactics.
Contents
Guiguzi comprises three books, with chapters on different strategies of observation and persuasion.
Translations
There have been translations of Guiguzi into modern Chinese, German, English, and Russian (see below). Almost all modern annotated texts and western translations rely heavily on the explanations of the texts attributed to the Eastern Jin scholar Tao Hongjing.
以上介绍摘自维基百科；若有错漏，敬请在维基百科上修改
来源条目。
