| Chinese Text Project |
| 塞 U+585E |  Seal script |  Jiaguwen | 塞 Alternate form | 𡺶 Semantic variant |
| Radical: | 土+ 10 strokes = 13 strokes total. |
|---|---|
| References: | Guangyun: p.390#10 p.530#14 Kangxi: p.236#09 Cihai: p.326r5c02 GSR: 908.a Hanyu: v1,p0475#01 |
| Composition: | Top: 𡨄, bottom: 土. Compositionally related: 塞 . Component of: 僿 噻 㩙 𡑮 𤀕 𫉲 簺 𡬉 𮪵 |
| Mandarin: | sāi sè sài ㄙㄞ ㄙㄜˋ ㄙㄞˋ |
| Cantonese: | coi3 sak1 |
| Tang reconstruction: | *sək *sə̀i |
| Shuowen: | 《土部》塞：隔也。从土从𡨄。 |
| Guangyun: | 《廣韻·去聲·代·賽》塞：邊塞。又蘇則切。 《廣韻·入聲·德·塞》塞：滿也，窒也，隔也，蘇則切，又蘇載切，五。 |
| Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·土部·十》塞：《廣韻》蘇則切《集韻》《韻會》《正韻》悉則切，𠀤音㥶。塡也，隔也。《禮·月令》孟冬，天地不通，閉塞成冬。《又》謹關梁，塞徯徑，季春開通道路，無有障塞。又充也，滿也。《書·舜典》溫恭允塞。《詩·鄘風》秉心塞淵。又國之阨險曰塞。《史記·蘇秦傳》秦四塞之國，披山帶渭。《後漢·杜篤傳》城池百尺，扼塞要害。又月在辛曰塞，見《爾雅·釋天》。又塞塞，不安貌，見《博雅》。又伊蒲塞，卽優婆塞。《後漢·楚王英傳》以助伊蒲塞桑門之饌。又《廣韻》《集韻》《韻會》《正韻》𠀤先代切，音賽。邊界也。《禮·月令》孟冬備邊境，完要塞。又九塞。《淮南子·地形訓》九塞，太汾，澠阨荆阮方城，殽阪，井陘，令疵，句注，居庸。《註》太汾在晉，澠阨殽阪皆在弘農郡，荆阮方城皆在楚，井陘在常山，令疵在遼西，句注在鴈門隂館，居庸在上谷阻陽之東。又紫塞。《古今注》秦築長城，土色皆紫，因名。又博塞，戲具也。《莊子·騈拇篇》問穀何事，則博塞以遊。又姓。又與賽同。《前漢·郊祀志》冬塞禱祈。本作𡫟。亦作𡫼。 考證：〔《史記·蘇秦傳》秦四塞之固。〕謹照原文固改國。〔《莊子·騈拇篇》問縠何事，則博塞以遊。〕謹照原文縠改穀。 |
| Fanqie: | 先代 (《廣韻·去聲·代·賽》) 蘇則 (《廣韻·去聲·代·賽》) 蘇則 (《廣韻·入聲·德·塞》) 蘇載 (《廣韻·入聲·德·塞》) |
| Unihan definition: | stop up, block, seal, cork; pass, frontier; fortress |
Example usage
| 《論語·八佾》: | 曰：「邦君樹塞門，管氏亦樹塞門。」 |
| The Master said, "The princes of States have a screen intercepting the view at their gates. Guan had likewise a screen at his gate." | |
| 《孟子·滕文公下》: | 楊墨之道不息，孔子之道不著，是邪說誣民，充塞仁義也 |
| If the principles of Yang and Mo be not stopped, and the principles of Confucius not set forth, then those perverse speakings will delude the people, and stop up the path of benevolence and righteousness. | |
| 《揚子法言》: | 或問：「太古塗民耳目，惟其見也聞也，見則難蔽，聞則難塞。」 |
| Someone asked: In primordial past rulers covered the people's eyes and ears, yet the people still saw and heard. Because they saw, their eyes were difficult to cover. Because they heard, their ears were difficult to block up. | |
| 《墨子·親士》: | 臣下重其爵位而不言，近臣則喑，遠臣則唫，怨結於民心，諂諛在側，善議障塞，則國危矣。 |
| If (to the contrary) the subordinates should value their positions and keep silence, the ministers near at hand would be speechless and those far away could only sigh, and the people would become bitter. When the ruler is surrounded with praises and flatteries and insulated against good counsels, then the country is in danger. | |
| 《莊子·駢拇》: | 枝於仁者，擢德塞性以收名聲，使天下簧鼓以奉不及之法非乎？ |
| (So), excessive benevolence eagerly brings out virtues and restrains its (proper) nature, that (its possessor) may acquire a famous reputation, and cause all the organs and drums in the world to celebrate an unattainable condition. | |
| 《道德經》: | 塞其兌，閉其門，終身不勤。 |
| Let him keep his mouth closed, and shut up the portals (of his nostrils), and all his life he will be exempt from laborious exertion. | |
| 《商君書·說民》: | 塞私道以窮其志，啟一門以致其欲，使民必先其所惡，然後致其所欲，故力多。 |
| It bars all private roads for gratifying their ambition, and opens only one gate through which they can attain their desire; thus, without doubt, it can make the people first do what they hate, in order thereafter, to reach what they desire; and so their strength will be great. | |
| 《禮記·月令》: | 是月也，命司空曰：時雨將降，下水上騰，循行國邑，周視原野，修利堤防，道達溝瀆，開通道路，毋有障塞。 |
| 《荀子·大略》: | 故塞而避所短，移而從所仕。 |
| 《說苑·君道》: | 既成威德，民親以服，清白上通，巧佞下塞，諫者得進，忠信乃畜。 |
| 《春秋繁露·玉英》: | 故君子終日言不及利，欲以勿言愧之而已，愧之以塞其源也。 |
| 《韓詩外傳·卷四》: | 汝淮以為險，江漢以為池，緣之以方城，限之以鄧林，然秦師至於鄢郢舉，若振槁然，是豈無固塞限險也哉！ |
| 《大戴禮記·主言》: | 七者布諸天下而不窕，內諸尋常之室而不塞。 |
| 《白虎通德論》: | 又曰孫苟中，庸不任輔政，妨塞賢，故不世世。 |
| 《新書·匈奴》: | 若夫大變之應，大約以權決塞因宜而行，不可豫形，尊翁主，重相室，多其長吏，眾門大夫皆謀士也，必足之財，且用吾人，且用其尊，觀其限，窺其謀，中外符節，適𦃪拘也。 |
| 《新序·善謀下》: | 且夫秦地被山帶河，四塞以為固，卒然有急，百萬之眾可具。 |
| 《中論·虛道》: | 人塞之，我通之。 |
| 《孔子家語·入官》: | 拒諫者，慮之所以塞也。 |
| 《潛夫論·明闇》: | 故共、鯀之徒弗能塞也，靖言庸回弗能惑也。 |
| 《論衡·累害》: | 夫不本累害所從生起，而徒歸責於被累害者，智不明，闇塞於理者也。 |
| 《太玄經·斷》: | 次二，冥斷否，在塞耳。 |
| 《風俗通義·孝文帝》: | 其後匈奴數犯塞，侵擾邊境。 |
| 《孔叢子·廣詁》: | 杜、實、充、牣，塞也。 |
| 《申鑒·雜言上》: | 是故僻志萌則僻事作，僻事作則正塞，正塞則公正亦末由入也矣。 |
| 《新語·術事》: | 或圖遠而失近，或道塞而路窮。 |
| 《蔡中郎集·正交論》: | 今將患其流而塞其源，病其末而刈其本 |
| 《列子·天瑞》: | 曉者曰：「地積塊耳，充塞四虛，亡處亡塊。」 |
| 《鶡冠子·天則》: | 八極之舉，不能時贊，故可壅塞也。 |
| 《文子·精誠》: | 君子之憯怛非正為也，自中出者也，亦察其所行，聖人不慚於影，君子慎其獨也，舍近期遠，塞矣。 |
| 《文始真經·九藥》: | 惟隨時同俗，先機後事，捐忿塞慾，蕳物恕人，權其輕重而為之，自然合神不測，契道無方。 |
| 《列仙傳·老子》: | 塞兑內鏡，冥神絕涯。 |
| 《老子河上公章句》: | 棄利者，塞貪路閉權門也。 |
| 《韓非子·初見秦》: | 長城巨防，足以為塞。 |
| 《申不害·大體》: | 蔽君之明，塞君之聽，奪之政而專其令，有其民而取其國矣。 |
| 《慎子·威德》: | 使得惡者，不知所以怨，此所以塞願望也。 |
| 《管子·輕重己》: | 以秋日至始，數四十六日，秋盡而冬始，天子服黑絻黑而靜處，朝諸侯卿大夫列士，循於百姓，發號出令曰：「毋行大火，毋斬大山，毋塞大水，毋犯天之隆」，天子之冬禁也。 |
| 《孫子兵法·九地》: | 是故散地吾將一其志，輕地吾將使之屬，爭地吾將趨其後，交地吾將謹其守，衢地吾將固其結，重地吾將繼其食，圮地吾將進其途，圍地吾將塞其闕，死地吾將示之以不活。 |
| 《吳子·論將》: | 路狹道險，名山大塞，十夫所守，千夫不過，是謂地機。 |
| 《六韜·大禮》: | 許之則失守，拒之則閉塞。 |
| 《尉繚子·兵談》: | 大不窕，小不恢，明乎禁舍開塞，民流者親之。 |
| 《三略·上略》: | 獲阨，塞之。 |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
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