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Chinese Text Project
Simplified Chinese version

U+5148

Seal script

Jinwen

Jiaguwen

Jianbo

Radical:+ 4 strokes = 6 strokes total.
References:Guangyun: p.132#1 p.406#29 Kangxi: p.124#05 Cihai: p.134r3c02 GSR: 478.a Hanyu: v1,p0267#02
Composition:Top: , bottom: . Component of: 𠀡 𠜎 𠈣 𬳽 𢈇 𢏡 𢓠 𢙝 𤞓 𫩱 [More]
Mandarin:xiān ㄒㄧㄢ
Cantonese:sin1
Tang reconstruction:*sen sen
Shuowen:先部》先:前进也。从儿从之。凡先之属皆从先。
Guangyun:广韵·下平声··》先:先后也,又姓左传晋有先轸。苏前切,又苏荐切,四。
广韵·去声··》先:先后犹娣姒又姓出河东。又苏前切。
Kangxi:康熙字典·儿部·》先:《唐韵》《正韵》苏前切《集韵》《韵会》萧前切,𠀤霰平声。《说文》先,前进也。从人之。《徐曰》之,往也,往在人上也。一曰始也,故也。《玉篇》前也,早也。《孝经·感应章》必有先也。《老子·道德经》象帝之先。又祖父已歾曰先。《司马迁·报任安书》太上不辱先,其次不辱身。又姓。《韵会》晋有先轸。又《韵会》凡在前者谓之先,则平声。先而导前与当后而先之,则去声。又《唐韵》《集韵》《韵会》《正韵》𠀤先见切,音霰。《增韵》先之也。《正韵》相导前后曰先后。《周礼·夏官·大司马》以先恺乐,献于社。《注》先犹导也。《史记·郦食其传》沛公吾所愿从游,莫爲我先。又先事而爲曰先。《易·乾卦》先天而天弗违。《礼·月令》先立春三日。又当后而前曰先。《左传·文二年》不先父食。《孟子》疾行先长者。《老子·道德经》先天地生。又《广韵》娣姒曰先后。《前汉·郊祀志》神君者,长陵女子。以乳死,见神于先后宛若。《注》孟康曰:兄弟妻相谓先后。师古曰:古谓之娣姒,今关中俗呼爲先后,吴楚呼之爲妯娌。又《韵会》《正韵》𠀤苏典切,音跣。《越语》句践亲爲夫差先马。《韵会》前汉太子,太傅少傅属官有先马。后汉职如谒者,太子出,则当直者前驱导威仪也。或作洗。
Fanqie:苏前 (《广韵·下平声··》) 苏荐 (《广韵·下平声··》) 苏佃 (《广韵·去声··》) 苏前 (《广韵·去声··》)
Unihan definition:first, former, previous

CTP Dictionary


先生
xiān shēng ㄒㄧㄢ ㄕㄥ (1): 父兄,长辈。 Elder.
论语·为政》:有事弟子服其劳,有酒食先生馔,曾是以为孝乎?
If, when their elders have any troublesome affairs, the young take the toil of them, and if, when the young have wine and food, they set them before their elders, is THIS to be considered filial piety?
xiān shēng ㄒㄧㄢ ㄕㄥ (2): 年长有学问的人,也用以尊称对方。 Elder scholar, used as a term of respect.
墨子·公孟》:先生之毁儒也。
"Sir, you are accusing the Confucianists of too much."
公孙龙子·迹府》:穿曰:“素闻先生高谊,愿为弟子久,但不取先生以白马为非马耳!”
xiān shēng ㄒㄧㄢ ㄕㄥ (3): 老师。 Teacher, master.
庄子·应帝王》:子之先生死矣,弗活矣,不以旬数矣!
Your master is a dead man. He will not live; -- not for ten days more!
xiān shēng ㄒㄧㄢ ㄕㄥ (4): 妇女对丈夫的称呼。 Title used by a wife to refer to her husband.
庄子·让王》:君过而遗先生食,先生不受,岂不命邪!
The ruler has seen his error, and sent you a present of food, but you would not receive it - is it appointed (for us to suffer thus)?
吕氏春秋·观世》:今妻子有饥色矣,君过而遗先生食,先生又弗受也,岂非命也哉!
列子·说符》:子列子入,其妻望之而拊心曰:“妾闻为有道者之妻子,皆得佚乐,今有饥色,君遇而遗先生食。”
新序·节士》:使者去,子列子入,其妻望而拊心曰:“闻为有道者,妻子皆佚乐,今妻皆有饥色矣,君过而遗先生食,先生又辞,岂非命也哉!”
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Example usage

论语·学而》:王之道斯为美,小大由之。
In the ways prescribed by the ancient kings, this is the excellent quality, and in things small and great we follow them.
孟子·尽心上》:尧舜之知而不遍物,急务也。
Even the wisdom of Yao and Shun did not extend to everything, but they attended earnestly to what was important.
礼记·深衣》:故规矩取其无私,绳取其直,权衡取其平,故王贵之。
In its squareness and roundness they saw its warning against selfishness; in its line-like straightness they saw its admonition to be correct, and in its balance-like evenness they saw its lesson of impartiality. Therefore the ancient kings attached a high value to it.
孝经·感应》:必有也,言有兄也。
He must have some to whom he concedes the precedence; that is, he has his cousins, who bear the same surname and are older than himself.
扬子法言·》:中和之发,在于哲民情,撰《知》。
The key to implementing the harmony of the mean lies in knowing the people's feelings. Thus, I have written "Foreknowledge."
庄子·人间世》:古之至人,存诸己,而后存诸人。
The perfect men of old first had (what they wanted to do) in themselves, and afterwards they found (the response to it) in others.
道德经》:吾不知谁之子,象帝之
I do not know whose son it is. It might appear to have been before God.
商君书·农战》:王反之于农战。
Therefore the ancient kings made people turn back to agriculture and war.
孙子兵法·始计》:攻其无备,出其不意,此兵家之胜,不可传也。
Attack him where he is unprepared, appear where you are not expected. These military devices, leading to victory, must not be divulged beforehand.
荀子·大略》:曰:王之道,则尧舜已。
说苑·君道》:恕而后教,是尧道也。
春秋繁露·玉杯》:不别后,贱其无人心也。
韩诗外传·卷一》:生何病也!
大戴礼记·主言》:是故君立于仁,则大夫忠,而士信、民敦、工璞、商悫、女憧、妇空空,七者教之志也。
白虎通德论·》:举从下升,以为人无生得贵者,莫不由士起,是以舜时称为天子,必试于士礼。
新书·修政语下》:曰:“昔者王与帝修道而道修,寡人之望也,亦愿以教。”
新序·善谋下》:留侯曰:“此难以口舌争也,顾上有所不能致者,天下有四人,园公、绮里季、夏黄公、角里生。”
中论·治学》:学者、心之白日也,故王立教官,掌教国子,教以六德,曰智、仁、圣、义、中、和,教以六行,曰孝、友、睦、婣、任、恤。
孔子家语·相鲁》:时,季氏葬昭公于墓道之南。
潜夫论·赞学》:是故“工欲善其事,必利其器”。
论衡·气寿》:秋后秋,则亦如人死,或增百岁,或减百也。
太玄经·》:次四,或后前夫,锡之光。
风俗通义·五帝》:中和之色,德四季,与地同功,故黄以别之也。
孔丛子·广名》:请天子命曰未可以戚王,请诸侯命曰未可以近君,请大夫命曰未可以从子。
申鉴·政体》:哲王之政,一曰承天,二曰正身,三曰任贤,四曰恤民,五曰明制,六曰立业。
忠经·保孝行章》:故君子行其孝,必以忠。
素书·求人之志章》:揆后度,所以应卒。
新语·道基》:于是圣乃仰观天文,俯察地理,图画乾坤,以定人道,民始开悟,知有父子之亲,君臣之义,夫妇之道,长幼之序。
独断·卷上》:帝故事,所至见长吏三老官属,亲临轩,作乐,赐食皂帛越巾刀佩带,民爵有级数,或赐田租之半,是故谓之幸,皆非其所当得而得之。
蔡中郎集·独断》:帝时,时备大驾上原陵,他不常用,唯遭大丧,乃施之法驾。
墨子·经说下》:有指:子智是,有智是吾所举,重则。
列子·天瑞》:弟子曰:“生往无反期,弟子敢有所谒。”
鶡冠子·博选》:故北面而事之,则伯己者至,趋而后息,问而后默,则什己者至,人趋己趋,则若己者至,凭几据杖,指麾而使,则匀役者至,乐嗟苦咄,则徒隶之人至矣。
文子·道原》:老子曰:“有物混成,天地生,惟象无形,窈窈冥冥,寂寥淡漠,不闻其声,吾强为之名,字之曰道。”
文始真经·二柱》:想乎一元之气,具乎一物,执爱之以合彼之形,冥观之以合彼之理,则象存焉。
列仙传·关令尹》:老子西游,喜见其气,知有真人当过,物色而遮之,果得老子。
老子河上公章句》:象帝之
韩非子·存韩》:时五诸侯共伐秦,韩反与诸侯为雁行以向秦军于关下矣。
慎子·因循》:是故王见不受禄者不臣,禄不厚者,不与入难。
管子·轻重丁》:璧之数已具,管子西见天子曰:“弊邑之君,欲率诸侯而朝王之朝,观于周室,请以令使天下诸侯,朝王之庙,观于周室者,不得不以彤弓石璧。”
公孙龙子·迹府》:穿曰:“素闻生高谊,愿为弟子久,但不取生以白马为非马耳!”

You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.


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