Chinese Text Project |
夏 U+590F | Seal script | Jinwen | Jianbo | 昰 Semantic variant | 𠍺 Semantic variant | 𡔰 Semantic variant | 𡕾 Semantic variant |
Radical: | 夊+ 7 strokes = 10 strokes total. |
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References: | Guangyun: p.308#26 p.422#47 Kangxi: p.245#12 Cihai: p.335r1c08 GSR: 36.a Hanyu: v2,p0869#10 |
Composition: | Top: 𦣻, bottom: 夂. Component of: 厦 𠌘 𭕥 𭡲 𭱣 嗄 廈 𡏘 𢟜 𡙣 𡟺 𡺷 𭔆 𦷜 榎 𤌤 𡕵 𣣺 𤧶 𥧜 [More] |
Mandarin: | xià jiǎ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄐㄧㄚˇ |
Cantonese: | haa6 |
Tang reconstruction: | *hǎ |
Shuowen: | 《夊部》夏:中國之人也。从夊从頁从𦥑。𦥑,兩手;夊,兩足也。 |
Guangyun: | 《廣韻·上聲·馬·下》夏:大也,又諸夏亦州名秦屬上郡漢分置朔方郡晉末赫連勃勃於州稱大夏爲後魏所滅置鎭又改爲夏州。又胡駕、古下二切。 《廣韻·去聲·禡·暇》夏:春夏。又胡雅切。 |
Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·夊部·七》夏:〔古文〕𡔰𠍺昰𡕾《唐韻》《正韻》胡駕切《集韻》《韻會》亥駕切,𠀤音暇。四時,二曰夏。《釋名》假也。寬假萬物,使生長也。《前漢·魏相傳》南方之神炎帝,秉禮,執衡,司夏。又《廣韻》胡雅切《集韻》《韻會》《正韻》亥雅切,𠀤音下。中國曰華夏。《書·康誥》用肇造我區夏。《詩·周頌》肆于時夏。又國號。禹受舜禪,易虞爲夏。又國名。《史記·大宛傳》大夏,在大宛西南二千餘里。《晉史》赫連勃勃。《宋史》李元昊,𠀤僭國號曰夏,屬今寧夏。又澤名。《書·禹貢》雷夏旣澤。又大夏,禹樂名。《周禮·春官》大司樂舞大夏,以祭山川。鍾師掌金奏,凡樂事,以鐘鼓奏九夏。《杜子春曰》王出入奏王夏,尸出入奏肆夏,牲出入奏昭夏,賔客至奏納夏,臣有功奏章夏,夫人祭奏齊夏,族人侍奏族夏,客醉而出奏裓夏,公出入奏驁夏。齊音齋,裓音陔,驁音遨。○按九夏,有聲無辭,註疏以《雅》《頌》諸篇强分配之,非。又大屋曰夏。《宋玉·招魂》冬有穾夏。又大俎曰夏。《詩·秦風》於我乎,夏屋渠渠。《禮·檀弓》見若覆夏屋者矣。《註》大俎,一名大房,半體之俎,足下有跗,如堂房也。又五色曰夏。《書·禹貢》羽畎夏翟。《註》羽畎,羽山之谷。夏翟,雉具五色中旌旄之飾。《周禮·春官·𣑱人之職》秋𣑱夏。服車五乘,孤乘夏篆,卿乘夏縵,蓋取諸此。又《集韻》舉下切,音賈。地名。負夏,衞地。《禮·檀弓》曾子弔于負夏。又陽夏,在開封。《史記·高祖紀》追項王至陽夏。又木名。《禮·學記》夏楚二物,收其威也。《註》夏,榎也。楚,荆也。《詩·大雅》不長夏以革。《王博士云》夏用木,革用皮,皆鞭扑之𠛬。又,胡可切,音荷。《𨻰琳·瑪瑙勒賦》四賔之筵,播以淳夏。色奪丹烏,明照烈火。又叶創舉切,音楚。《揚雄·城門校尉箴》昔在先世,有殷有夏。癸辛不德,而設夫險阻。又叶胡故切,音互。《賈誼·鵩賦》單閼之歲,四月維夏。庚子日斜,鵩集余舍。《春秋釋例》除春夏之夏,餘皆戸雅切。《正字通》按古先有四時之夏,餘義皆假借。○按《正字通》此字下有畟字,重田部,今刪。 |
Fanqie: | 胡雅 (《廣韻·上聲·馬·下》) 胡駕 (《廣韻·上聲·馬·下》) 古下 (《廣韻·上聲·馬·下》) 胡駕 (《廣韻·去聲·禡·暇》) 胡雅 (《廣韻·去聲·禡·暇》) |
Unihan definition: | summer; great, grand, big |
CTP Dictionary
[Show proper names]Example usage
《論語·學而》: | 子夏曰:「賢賢易色,事父母能竭其力,事君能致其身,與朋友交言而有信。」 |
Zi Xia said, "If a man withdraws his mind from the love of beauty, and applies it as sincerely to the love of the virtuous; if, in serving his parents, he can exert his utmost strength; if, in serving his prince, he can devote his life; if, in his intercourse with his friends, his words are sincere" | |
《孟子·萬章下》: | 殷受夏,周受殷,所不辭也。 |
Yin received this rule from Xia and Zhou received it from Yin. It cannot be questioned. | |
《禮記·緇衣》: | 《君雅》曰:『夏日暑雨,小民惟曰怨。』 |
It is said in, the Jun-ya (Shu, V, xxv, 5), "In the heat and rain of summer days the inferior people may be described as murmuring and sighing." | |
《揚子法言》: | 震風陵雨,然後知夏屋之為帡幪也。 |
After thunderous winds and heavy rains, one knows that a big house is a shelter. | |
《莊子·德充符》: | 受命於地,唯松柏獨也在,冬夏青青。 |
Of things which are what they are by the influence of the earth, it is only the pine and cypress which are the best instances - in winter as in summer brightly green. | |
《商君書·更法》: | 殷夏之滅也,不易禮而亡。 |
And as for the downfall of Yin and Xia - they were ruined without rites having been altered. | |
《孫子兵法·用間》: | 昔殷之興也,伊摯在夏。 |
Of old, the rise of the Yin dynasty was due to Yi Zhi who had served under the Xia. | |
《史記·五帝本紀》: | 日永,星火,以正中夏。 |
And the day being at its longest, and the star in the zenith that called 'Fire,' he was to fix the exact period of midsummer. | |
《荀子·大略》: | 子夏家貧,衣若縣鶉。 |
《說苑·脩文》: | 黃帝詔伶倫作為音律,伶倫自大夏之西,乃之崑崙之陰,取竹於嶰谷,以生竅厚薄均者,斷兩節間,其長九寸而吹之,以為黃鐘之宮,日含少次,制十二管,以崑崙之下,聽鳳之鳴,以別十二律,其雄鳴為六,雌鳴亦六,以比黃鐘之宮,適合黃鐘之宮,皆可生之,而律之本也。 |
《春秋繁露·竹林》: | 故《春秋》之於偏戰也,猶其於諸夏也。 |
《韓詩外傳·卷二》: | 伊尹去夏入殷,田饒去魯適燕,介之推去晉入山。 |
《大戴禮記·主言》: | 是以蠻夷諸夏雖衣冠不同、言語不合,莫不來至,朝覲於王。 |
《白虎通德論·號》: | 夏、殷、周也。 |
《新書·脩政語上》: | 是故堯教化及雕題蜀越,撫交趾,身涉流沙,地封獨山,西見王母,訓及大夏渠叟,北中幽都,及狗國與人身而鳥面,及焦僥。 |
《新序·善謀下》: | 留侯曰:「此難以口舌爭也,顧上有所不能致者,天下有四人,園公、綺里季、夏黃公、角里先生。」 |
《中論·治學》: | 子夏曰:「日習,則學不忘。」 |
《孔子家語·相魯》: | 裔不謀夏,夷不亂華,俘不干盟,兵不偪好,於神為不祥,於德為愆義,於人為失禮。 |
《潛夫論·讚學》: | 故夏后之璜,楚和之璧,雖有玉璞卞和之資,不琢不錯,不離礫石。 |
《論衡·命義》: | 遭者、遭逢非常之變,若成湯囚夏臺,文王厄牖里矣。 |
《太玄經·太玄攡》: | 夏至及日中以後者,遠玄之象也。 |
《風俗通義·五帝》: | 謹按:《易》、《尚書大傳》:「天立五帝以為相,四時施生,法度明察,春夏慶賞,秋冬刑罰,帝者任德設刑,以則象之。」 |
《孔叢子·論書》: | 子夏問《書》大義。 |
《申鑒·時事》: | 秦之滅學也,書藏於屋壁,義絕於朝野,逮至漢興,收摭散滯,固已無全學矣,文有磨滅,言有楚夏,出有先後,或學者先意有所借定,後進相放彌以滋蔓。 |
《新語·道基》: | 故曰:張日月,列星辰,序四時,調陰陽,布氣治性,次置五行,春生夏長,秋收冬藏,陽生雷電,陰成雪霜,養育群生,一茂一亡,潤之以風雨,曝之以日光,溫之以節氣,降之以殞霜,位之以眾星,制之以斗衡,苞之以六合,羅之以紀綱,改之以災變,告之以禎祥,動之以生殺,悟之以文章。 |
《獨斷·卷上》: | 夏、殷、周稱王。 |
《蔡中郎集·獨斷》: | 《國語》曰:「南冠、以如夏姬。」 |
《墨子·經說下》: | 疑:逢為務則士,為牛廬者夏寒,逢也。 |
《列子·黃帝》: | 魏文侯聞之,問子夏曰:「彼何人哉?」 |
《鶡冠子·環流》: | 斗柄東指,天下皆春,斗柄南指,天下皆夏,斗柄西指,天下皆秋,斗柄北指,天下皆冬。 |
《文子·精誠》: | 逆天暴物,即日月薄蝕,五星失行,四時相乘,晝明宵光,山崩川涸,冬雷夏霜。 |
《文始真經·四符》: | 夏因春物,無我。 |
《列仙傳·方回》: | 夏啟末為宦士,為人所劫,閉之室中,從求道。 |
《老子河上公章句》: | 夏散冬凝,應期而動,不失天時。 |
《韓非子·十過》: | 夏后氏沒,殷人受之,作為大路,而建九旒,食器雕琢,觴酌刻鏤,四壁堊墀,茵席雕文,此彌侈矣,而國之不服者五十三。 |
《慎子·逸文》: | 孔子云:有虞氏不賞不罰,夏后氏賞而不罰,殷人罰而不賞,周人賞且罰。 |
《管子·輕重己》: | 以夏日至始,數九十二日謂之秋至,秋至而禾熟,天子祀於太惢,西出其國,百三十八里而壇,服白而絻白,搢玉總,帶錫監,吹塤箎之風,動金石之音,朝諸侯卿大夫列士,循於百姓,號曰祭月。 |
《吳子·圖國》: | 冬日衣之則不溫,夏日衣之則不涼。 |
《六韜·守國》: | 夏道長,萬物成。 |
《司馬法·仁本》: | 冬夏不興師,所以兼愛民也。 |
《尉繚子·治本》: | 春夏夫出於南畝,秋冬女練於布帛,則民不困。 |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
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