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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (1.1): 不偏，不斜。 Straight, not at an angle.
| 《·》: | 推惡惡之心，思與鄉人立，其冠不正，望望然去之，若將浼焉。 | | Pursuing the examination of his dislike to what was evil, we find that he thought it necessary, if he happened to be standing with a villager whose cap was not rightly adjusted, to leave him with a high air, as if he were going to be defiled. | | 《·》: | 君者儀也，民者景也，儀正而景正。 | | 《·》: | 晏子乘而往，比至，衣冠不正，景公見而怪之，曰：「夫子何遽乎？」 | | 《》: | 比至，衣冠不正，不革衣冠，望游而馳。 | | 《·》: | 衣冠不正，則賓者不肅。 |
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (1.2): 正當，合適。 Appropriate.
| 《·》: | 名不正，則言不順。 | | If names be not correct, language is not in accordance with the truth of things. | | 《·》: | 臣聞之曰：「以亂攻治者亡，以邪攻正者亡，以逆攻順者亡。」 | | 《·》: | 夫名不正則言不順，言不順則事不成，事不成則禮樂不興，禮樂不興則刑罰不中，刑罰不中則民無所錯手足矣。 | | 《》: | 其設名不正，故棄重任而違大命，非法言也。 | | 《·》: | 此五者，皆以牛為馬，以馬為牛，名不正也。 | | 《》: | 孔子曰：「必也正名，名不正則事不成。」 |
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (2): 正常。 Normal.
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (3): 正派，正直。 Decent, upstanding.
| 《·》: | 子曰：「晉文公譎而不正，齊桓公正而不譎。」 | | The Master said, "The duke Wen of Jin was crafty and not upright. The duke Huan of Qi was upright and not crafty." |
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (4.1): 正定，確定。 Fix, determine.
| 《·》: | 孟子曰：「離婁之明，公輸子之巧，不以規矩，不能成方員：師曠之聰，不以六律，不能正五音。」 | | Mencius said, 'The power of vision of Li Lou, and skill of hand of Gong Shu, without the compass and square, could not form squares and circles. The acute ear of the music-master Kuang, without the pitch-tubes, could not determine correctly the five notes.' |
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (4.2): 整治，治理。 Govern, rule.
| 《·》: | 昔者文公出走而正天下，桓公去國而霸諸侯，越王句踐遇吳王之醜，而尚攝中國之賢君。 | | Formerly Lord Wen was once in exile and yet later became the leading feudal lord. Lord Huan was once forced to leave his state and yet later became a "tyrant" among the feudal lords. Lord Gou Jian of Yue was once brought under humiliation by the king of Wu, and yet he was later looked upon with awe by the princes of China. | | 《·》: | 吾未聞枉己而正人者也，況辱己以正天下者乎？ | | I have not heard of one who bent himself, and at the same time made others straight; how much less could one disgrace himself, and thereby rectify the whole kingdom? | | 《·》: | 下視上如父，則必正天下。 | | 《·》: | 武王正其身以正其國，正其國以正天下，伐無道，刑有罪，一動天下正，其事正矣。 | | 《·》: | 昔者湯克夏而正天下，天大旱，五年不收，湯乃以身禱於桑林，曰：「余一人有罪，無及萬夫。」 | | 《·》: | 故臨財分利則使仁，涉患犯難則使勇，用智圖國則使賢，正天下定諸侯則使聖。 |
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (4.3): 治罪。 Set punishments.
| 《·》: | 五辭簡信，正於五刑。 | | 《·》: | 五辭簡孚，正于五刑。 |
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (5): 正式的，為主的。與「副」相對。 Formal, primary.
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (6): 純正，正宗。 Pure, unadulterated.
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (7): 嫡長。與「庶」相對。 Son by one's official wife.
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (8): 恰好，正好。 Luckily, fortuitously.
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (9): 表示動作或狀態的進行和持續。 Expresses continuation of an action or state.
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (10): 官長。 Officer.
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (11): 只。 Only.
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (12): 通「政」：政治，政事。 Government, state affairs.
| 《·》: | 子墨子曰：「方今之時，復古之民始生，未有正長之時，蓋其語曰『天下之人異義』」 | | Mozi said: As we look back to the time when there was yet no ruler, it seems the custom was "everybody in the world according to his own standard." | | 《》: | 居善地，心善淵，與善仁，言善信，正善治，事善能，動善時。 | | The excellence of a residence is in (the suitability of) the place; that of the mind is in abysmal stillness; that of associations is in their being with the virtuous; that of words is in their trustworthiness; that of government is in its securing good order; that of (the conduct of) affairs is in its ability; and that of (the initiation of) any movement is in its timeliness. | | 《》: | 范子因王稽入秦，獻書昭王曰：「臣聞明主蒞正，有功不得不賞，有能者不得不官。」 |
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zhèng ㄓㄥˋ (13): 通「證」：證明，驗證。 Prove, verify.
| 《·》: | 今秦有敝甲凋兵，軍於澠池，願渡河踰漳，據番吾，會邯鄲之下，願以甲子合戰，以正殷紂之事，敬使使臣先聞左右。 | | 《·》: | 指九天以為正兮，夫唯靈脩之故也。 |
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zhēng ㄓㄥ (14): 陰曆每年的第一個月。見「正月」。 First month in the Chinese calander.
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zhēng ㄓㄥ (15): 箭靶中心。 Centre of a target.
| 《·》: | 終日射侯、不出正兮。 | | Shooting all day at the target, And never lodging outside the bird-square! |
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zhēng ㄓㄥ (16): 通「征」：征伐。 Attack, punitive expedition.
| 《·》: | 子墨子言曰：「逮至昔三代聖王既沒，天下失義，諸侯力正，是以存夫為人君臣上下者之不惠忠也，父子弟兄之不慈孝弟長貞良也，正長之不強於聽治，賤人之不強於從事也，民之為淫暴寇亂1盜賊，以兵刃毒藥水火，退無罪人乎道路率徑，奪人車馬衣裘以自利者並作，由此始，是以天下亂」 | | Mozi said: With the passing of the sage-kings of the Three Dynasties, the world lost its righteousness and the feudal lords took might as right. The superior and the subordinates are no longer gracious and loyal; father and son, elder and younger brother are no longer affectionate and filial, brotherly and respectful, virtuous and kind. The rulers do not attend diligently to government and the artisans do not attend earnestly to their work. The people practise immorality and wickedness and become rebellious. Thieves and bandits with weapons, poison, water, and fire hold up innocent travellers on the highways and the bypaths, robbing them of their carts and horses, coats and fur coats, to enrich themselves. All these start therewith (with the passing of the sage-kings). And so the world falls into chaos. |
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