| Chinese Text Project | |
| Simplified Chinese version |
| 滅 U+6EC5 |  Seal script | 灭 Simplified character | 烕 Semantic variant | 𢦹 Semantic variant | 𣹹 Semantic variant |
| Radical: | 水+ 10 strokes = 13 strokes total. |
|---|---|
| References: | Guangyun: p.498#12 Kangxi: p.642#01 Cihai: p.821r1c01 GSR: 294.b Hanyu: v3,p1696#09 |
| Composition: | Left: 氵, right: 烕. Component of: 𢷄 𤄌 |
| Mandarin: | miè ㄇㄧㄝˋ |
| Cantonese: | mit6 |
| Tang reconstruction: | *miɛt |
| Shuowen: | 《水部》灭：尽也。从水𤇳声。 |
| Guangyun: | 《广韵·入声·薛·灭》灭：尽也，絶也。亡列切，二。 |
| Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·水部·十》灭：〔古文〕𣹹𢦹《唐韵》亡列切《集韵》莫列切，𠀤音搣。《说文》尽也。《周礼·夏官》大司马九代之，灋外内乱，鸟兽行，则灭之。《注》毁其宗庙社稷曰灭。又没也。《易·大过》过涉灭顶。又火熄也。《书·盘庚》若火之燎于原，不可向迩，其犹可扑灭。又《韵补》叶明秘切，音媚。《曹植·夏啓赞》大战于甘，有扈以灭。威振诸侯，元功克乂。 |
| Fanqie: | 亡列 (《广韵·入声·薛·灭》) |
| Unihan definition: | extinguish; wipe out, exterminate |
Example usage
| 《论语·雍也》: | 曰：“有澹台灭明者，行不由径。” |
| He answered, "There is Dan Tai Mie Ming, who never in walking takes a short cut." | |
| 《孟子·滕文公下》: | 灭国者五十，驱虎、豹、犀、象而远之。 |
| The States which he extinguished amounted to fifty. He drove far away also the tigers, leopards, rhinoceroses, and elephants | |
| 《礼记·曲礼下》: | 灭同姓，名。 |
| And also one who extinguishes (another state ruled by) lords of the same surname as himself. | |
| 《孝经·丧亲》: | 毁不灭性，此圣人之政也。 |
| And that emaciation must not be carried to the extinction of life. Such is the rule of the sages. | |
| 《扬子法言》: | 及捶提仁义，绝灭礼学，吾无取焉耳。 |
| As for its attacks on ren and yi, cutting off li, and doing away with learning, I have not adopted them. | |
| 《墨子·所染》: | 此六君者所染不当，故国家残亡，身为刑戮，宗庙破灭，绝无后类，君臣离散，民人流亡。 |
| Now, these six princes had been under bad influences. Therefore their states were ruined and they were executed, their ancestral temples were destroyed and descendants annihilated. The rulers and the subjects were dispersed and the people were left homeless. | |
| 《庄子·人间世》: | 形就而入，且为颠为灭，为崩为蹶。 |
| If in your personal association you enter into his pursuits, you will fall with him and be ruined, you will tumble down with a crash. | |
| 《道德经》: | 万物无以生，将恐灭。 |
| Without that life, creatures would pass away. | |
| 《商君书·更法》: | 殷夏之灭也，不易礼而亡。 |
| And as for the downfall of Yin and Xia - they were ruined without rites having been altered. | |
| 《史记·夏本纪》: | 遂灭有扈氏 |
| He thereupon destroyed the chief of Hu. | |
| 《荀子·大略》: | 流言灭之，货色远之。 |
| 《说苑·辨物》: | 天久不雨，水泉将下，百川竭，国将亡，民将灭矣，彼独不用雨乎？ |
| 《春秋繁露·玉杯》: | 是故孔子立新王之道，明其贵志以反和，见其好诚以灭伪。 |
| 《韩诗外传·卷一》: | 传曰：喜名者必多怨，好与者必多辱，唯灭迹于人，能随天地自然，为能胜理，而无爱名。 |
| 《大戴礼记·礼察》: | 恶不积，不足以灭身。 |
| 《白虎通德论》: | 王者受命而作，兴灭国、继绝世何？ |
| 《新书·修政语上》: | 其闻寡人之骄之汏耶，而不以语寡人者，此教寡人之残道也，灭天下之教也，故寡人之所怨于人者，莫大于此也。 |
| 《新序·善谋下》: | 周之先自后稷，尧封之邰，积德累善十馀世，公娇避桀居邠，大王以狄伐去邠，杖马策居岐国，人争归之，及文王为西伯，断虞芮讼，始受命，吕望、伯夷自海滨来归之，武王伐纣，不期而会孟津上八百诸侯，灭殷，成王即位，周公之属傅相，乃营成周雒邑，以为天下中，诸侯四方，纳贡职道里均矣。 |
| 《中论·修本》: | 仁义行，不为无人而灭其道。 |
| 《孔子家语·观周》: | 遂言于鲁君曰：“臣受先臣之命云：孔子、圣人之后也，灭于宋。” |
| 《潜夫论·务本》: | 今多奸谀以取媚，挠法以便佞，苟得之，从而贤之，此灭贞良之行，开乱危之原也。 |
| 《论衡·命义》: | 温气疫疠，千户灭门，如必有命，何其秦、齐同也？ |
| 《太玄经·差》: | 次八，足累累，其步蹉躟，辅铭灭麋。 |
| 《风俗通义·五伯》: | 对曰：“狄困于卫，复兵不救，须灭乃往存之。” |
| 《孔丛子·广诂》: | 熸、剗、没，灭也。 |
| 《申鉴·时事》: | 秦之灭学也，书藏于屋壁，义绝于朝野，逮至汉兴，收摭散滞，固已无全学矣，文有磨灭，言有楚夏，出有先后，或学者先意有所借定，后进相放弥以滋蔓。 |
| 《忠经·观风章》: | 私去则情灭，色正则邪远。 |
| 《素书·安礼章》: | 与覆车同轨者倾，与亡国同事者灭。 |
| 《新语·辅政》: | 故杖圣者帝，杖贤者王，杖仁者霸，杖义者强，杖谗者灭，杖贼者亡。 |
| 《独断·卷上》: | 亡国之社：古者天子亦取亡国之社以分诸侯，使为社以自儆戒，屋之掩其上使不通天，柴其下使不通地，自与天地绝也，面北向阴，示灭亡也。 |
| 《蔡中郎集·独断》: | 是知南冠盖楚之冠，秦灭楚，以其君冠赐御史 |
| 《列子·黄帝》: | 列子追之而不及，反以报壶子，曰：“已灭矣，已夫矣，吾不及也。” |
| 《鶡冠子·道端》: | 故先王传道以相效属也，贤君循成法，后世久长，惰君不从，当世灭亡。 |
| 《文子·道原》: | 夫至人之治也，弃其聪明，灭其文章，依道废智，与民同出乎公。 |
| 《文始真经·四符》: | 关尹子曰：“精、神，水、火也，五行互生灭之，其来无首，其往无尾。” |
| 《列仙传·马丹》: | 献公灭耿，杀恭太子，丹乃去。 |
| 《老子河上公章句》: | 常道当以无为养神，无事安民，含光藏晖，灭迹匿端，不可称道。 |
| 《韩非子·存韩》: | 夫赵氏聚士卒，养从徒，欲赘天下之兵，明秦不弱，则诸侯必灭宗庙，欲西面行其意，非一日之计也。 |
| 《慎子·知忠》: | 臣之欲忠者不绝世，而君未得宁其上，无遇比干、子胥之忠，而毁瘁主君于暗墨之中，遂染溺灭名而死。 |
| 《管子·轻重己》: | 以春日至始，数四十六日，春尽而夏始，天子服黄而静处，朝诸侯卿大夫列士，循于百姓，发号出令曰：“毋聚大众，毋行大火，毋断大木，诛大臣，毋斩大山，毋戮大衍，灭三大而国有害也。” |
| 《吴子·图国》: | 昔承桑氏之君，修德废武，以灭其国。 |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
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