| Chinese Text Project | |
| Simplified Chinese version |
| 獨 U+7368 |  Seal script | 独 Semantic variant Simplified character |
| Radical: | 犬+ 13 strokes = 16 strokes total. |
|---|---|
| References: | Guangyun: p.448#8 Kangxi: p.719#25 Cihai: p.879r5c02 GSR: 1224.i Hanyu: v2,p1372#03 |
| Composition: | Left: 犭, right: 蜀. Component of: 𧁿 𤣡 𪈌 𮭞 |
| Mandarin: | dú ㄉㄨˊ |
| Cantonese: | duk6 |
| Tang reconstruction: | *dhuk |
| Shuowen: | 《犬部》独：犬相得而鬬也。从犬蜀声。羊为羣，犬为独也。一曰北嚻山有独𤞞兽，如虎，白身，豕鬣，尾如马。 |
| Guangyun: | 《广韵·入声·屋·独》独：《说文》曰：犬相得而鬬也，羊爲羣大爲独一曰独𤞞兽名如虎白身豕鬣马尾岀北嚻山𤞞音欲亦单独又虏复姓有独孤氏后魏书云西方独孤浑氏后改爲杜氏。徒谷切，三十。 |
| Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·犬部·十三》独：《唐韵》《集韵》《韵会》徒谷切《正韵》杜谷切，𠀤音犊。《说文》犬相得而𩰚。从犬蜀声。羊爲羣，犬爲独也。又兽名。《埤雅》颜从曰：独一叫而猨散，鼍一鸣而龟伏。或曰鼍鸣夜，独叫晓。独，猨类也。似猨而大，食猨。今俗谓之独猨。盖猨性羣，独性特，猨鸣三，独叫一，是以谓之独也。又独𤞞，兽名。详前𤞞字注。又《广韵》单独。《诗·小雅》哀此惸独。《传》独，单也。《又》念我独兮。《尔雅·释山》独者蜀。《疏》虫之孤独者名蜀，是以山之孤独者亦名曰蜀也。《扬子·方言》一蜀也。南楚谓之独。又山名。《山海经》独山，多金玉美石。又《广韵》复姓有独孤氏。《后魏书》西方独孤浑氏，后攺爲杜氏。又姓。《正字通》明独立，独善。 |
| Fanqie: | 徒谷 (《广韵·入声·屋·独》) |
| Unihan definition: | alone, single, solitary, only |
Example usage
| 《论语·颜渊》: | 司马牛忧曰：“人皆有兄弟，我独亡。” |
| Si Ma Niu, full of anxiety, said, "Other men all have their brothers, I only have not." | |
| 《孟子·尽心上》: | 独孤臣孽子，其操心也危，其虑患也深，故达。 |
| They are the friendless minister and concubine's son, who keep their hearts under a sense of peril, and use deep precautions against calamity. On this account they become distinguished for their intelligence. | |
| 《礼记·王制》: | 司徒修六礼以节民性，明七教以兴民德，齐八政以防淫，一道德以同俗，养耆老以致孝，恤孤独以逮不足，上贤以崇德，简不肖以绌恶。 |
| The minister of Instruction defined and set forth the six ceremonial observances: to direct and control the nature of the people; clearly illustrated the seven lessons (of morality) to stimulate their virtue; inculcated uniformity in the eight objects of government, to guard against all excess; taught the sameness of the course (of duty) and virtue, to assimilate manners; nourished the aged, to secure the completion of filial piety; showed pity to orphans and solitaries, to reach those who had been bereaved; exalted men of talents and worth, to give honour to virtue; and dealt summarily with the unworthy, to discountenance wickedness. | |
| 《扬子法言》: | 吾独有不户者矣？ |
| How could I be the only one who has not entered through the door? | |
| 《庄子·逍遥游》: | 庄子曰：“子独不见狸狌乎？” |
| Zhuangzi replied, 'Have you never seen a wildcat or a weasel?' | |
| 《道德经》: | 我独怕兮其未兆。 |
| I alone seem listless and still, my desires having as yet given no indication of their presence. | |
| 《商君书·更法》: | 有独知之虑者，必见訾于民。 |
| He who has thoughts of independent knowledge is certainly despised by the world. | |
| 《孙子兵法·军争》: | 人既专一，则勇者不得独进，怯者不得独退，此用众之法也。 |
| The host thus forming a single united body, is it impossible either for the brave to advance alone, or for the cowardly to retreat alone. This is the art of handling large masses of men. | |
| 《史记·五帝本纪》: | 然尚书独载尧以来。 |
| But the Book of History only refers to Yao, and those who come after him. | |
| 《荀子·大略》: | 迷者不问路，溺者不问遂，亡人好独。 |
| 《说苑·君道》: | 廓然远见，踔然独立。 |
| 《春秋繁露·竹林》: | 独修之意也。 |
| 《韩诗外传·卷一》: | 故中心存善而日新之，虽独居而乐，德充而形。 |
| 《大戴礼记·主言》: | 使之哀鳏寡，养孤独，恤贫穷，诱孝悌，选贤举能。 |
| 《白虎通德论·爵》: | 地有三等不变，至爵独变者何？ |
| 《新书·修政语上》: | 静思而独居，譬其若火。 |
| 《新序·善谋下》: | 且三秦王为秦将，将秦子弟数岁，所杀亡不可胜计，又欺其众降诸侯至新安，项王诈坑秦降卒二十馀万人，唯独邯、欣、翳脱，秦父兄怨此三人，痛入骨髓。 |
| 《中论·治学》: | 夫独思则滞而不通，独为则困而不就，人心必有明焉，必有悟焉。 |
| 《孔子家语·相鲁》: | 齐侯归，责其群臣曰：“鲁以君子道辅其君，而子独以夷翟道教寡人，使得罪。” |
| 《潜夫论·贤难》: | 岂独品庶，贤材时有焉。 |
| 《论衡·幸偶》: | 俱禀元气，或独为人，或为禽兽。 |
| 《太玄经·𤕠》: | 次六，独𤕠逝逝，利小不利大。 |
| 《风俗通义·三皇》: | 唯独叙二皇，不及遂人 |
| 《孔丛子·广训》: | 我从事独贤，劳事独多也。 |
| 《申鉴·杂言下》: | 刘向曰：‘性情相应，性不独善，情不独恶。’ |
| 《忠经·守宰章》: | 独清则谨己而已，不建于事。 |
| 《新语·道基》: | 礼义独行，纲纪不立，后世衰废。 |
| 《独断·卷上》: | 至秦，天子独以为称，汉因而不改也。 |
| 《蔡中郎集·独断》: | 旧仪三公以下月朝，后省，常以六月朔、十月朔旦朝，后又以盛暑省六月朝，故今独以为正月、十月朔朝也。 |
| 《墨子·经说下》: | 若曰，“必独指吾所举，毋举吾所不举”，则者固不能独指。 |
| 《鲁胜墨辩注叙》: | 墨辩有上下经，经各有说，凡四篇，与其书众篇连第，故独存。 |
| 《列子·天瑞》: | 阴阳尔，四时尔，不生者疑独，不化者往复。 |
| 《鶡冠子·道端》: | 夫寒温之变，非一精之所化也，天下之事，非一人之所能独知也，海水广大，非独仰一川之流也。 |
| 《文子·道原》: | 万物有所生而独如其根，百事有所出而独守其门，故能穷无穷，极无极，照物而不眩，响应而不知。 |
| 《文始真经·四符》: | 合乎精，故所见我独。 |
| 《列仙传·容成公》: | 得一在昔，含光独游。 |
| 《老子河上公章句》: | 我独怕兮其未兆，我独怕然安静，未有情欲之形兆也。 |
| 《韩非子·初见秦》: | 然则是赵举，赵举则韩亡，韩亡则荆、魏不能独立，荆、魏不能独立则是一举而坏韩、蠹魏、拔荆，东以弱齐、燕，决白马之口以沃魏氏，是一举而三晋亡，从者败也。 |
| 《申不害·佚文》: | 独视者谓明，独听者谓聪。 |
| 《慎子·知忠》: | 乱世之中，亡国之臣，非独无忠臣也。 |
| 《管子·轻重丁》: | 且君币籍而务，则贾人独操国趣。 |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
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