| Chinese Text Project |
| 紂 U+7D02 |  Seal script | 纣 Simplified character | 𩋰 Semantic variant |
| Radical: | 糸+ 3 strokes = 9 strokes total. |
|---|---|
| References: | Guangyun: p.323#35 Kangxi: p.915#18 Cihai: p.1029r4c01 Hanyu: v5,p3364#03 |
| Composition: | Left: 糹, right: 寸. Component of: 𠷵 𦋝 䈙 葤 𩋰 |
| Mandarin: | zhòu ㄓㄡˋ |
| Cantonese: | zau6 |
| Shuowen: | 《糸部》紂：馬緧也。从糸，肘省聲。 |
| Guangyun: | 《廣韻·上聲·有·紂》紂：殷王号也，方言云自關而東謂䋺曰紂俗作𩋰。除柳切，六。 |
| Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·糸部·三》紂：《廣韻》除柳切《集韻》《韻會》丈九切，𠀤音䈙。《說文》馬繒也。《揚子·方言》䋺車紂，自關而西謂之紂。《廣韻》俗作𩋰。又《史記·殷本紀》帝辛，天下謂之紂。《註》《諡法》殘忍捐義曰紂。 |
| Fanqie: | 除柳 (《廣韻·上聲·有·紂》) |
| Unihan definition: | name of an emperor; saddle part |
CTP Dictionary
[Show proper names]Example usage
| 《論語·子張》: | 子貢曰：「紂之不善，不如是之甚也。」 |
| Zi Gong said, "Zhou's wickedness was not so great as that name implies." | |
| 《孟子·盡心上》: | 孟子曰：「伯夷辟紂，居北海之濱，聞文王作興，曰：『盍歸乎來！』」 |
| Mencius said, 'Bo Yi, that he might avoid Zhou, was dwelling on the coast of the northern sea when he heard of the rise of king Wen. He roused himself and said, "Why should I not go and follow him?'" | |
| 《揚子法言》: | 紹桀之後，纂紂之餘，法度廢，禮樂虧，安坐而視天下民之死，無為平？ |
| But as for those who inherited the throne after Jie and Zhou, when laws were abandoned and ritual and music were lost, to sit quietly and watch the death of all people under Heaven—would this have been wuwei? | |
| 《墨子·親士》: | 桀紂不以其無天下之士邪？ |
| Was it not because they would not employ the scholars, that Jie and Zhou lost their empire and their lives? | |
| 《莊子·人間世》: | 且昔者桀殺關龍逢，紂殺王子比干，是皆脩其身以下傴拊人之民，以下拂其上者也，故其君因其脩以擠之。 |
| And formerly Jie killed Guan Long-feng, and Zhou killed the prince Bi-gan. Both of these cultivated their persons, bending down in sympathy with the lower people to comfort them suffering (as they did) from their oppressors, and on their account opposing their superiors. On this account, because they so ordered their conduct, their rulers compassed their destruction | |
| 《商君書·賞刑》: | 湯與桀戰於鳴條之野，武王與紂戰於牧野之中，大破九軍，卒裂土封諸侯，士卒坐陳者里有書社，車休息不乘，從馬華山之陽，從牛於農澤，從之老而不收，此湯武之賞也。 |
| Tang fought a battle with Jie in the fields of Ming-tiao, Wu-wang fought a battle with Zhou in the fields of mu, and utterly defeated the "nine armies", and finally split up the land and gave fiefs to the feudal lords. The officers and soldiers, who retired from the ranks, all received land, with the peasants belonging to it, in hamlets of 25 families; the chariots were given a rest, and were no longer mounted; the horses were set at liberty on the southern slopes of Mount Hua; the oxen were set at liberty in the meadows, and they were allowed to grow old without being reassembled (for war). This was the way of Tang and Wu of giving rewards. | |
| 《史記·殷本紀》: | 帝乙崩，子辛立，是為帝辛，天下謂之紂。 |
| Emperor Yi died, and his son Xin sat on the throne. Emperor Xin was called by everybody in the empire Zhou (the tyrant). | |
| 《禮記·明堂位》: | 昔殷紂亂天下，脯鬼侯以饗諸侯。 |
| 《荀子·大略》: | 雖桀紂不能去民之好義。 |
| 《說苑·雜言》: | 使舜居桀紂之世，能自免於刑戮固可也，又何官得治乎？ |
| 《春秋繁露·王道》: | 桀紂皆聖王之後，驕溢妄行。 |
| 《韓詩外傳·卷一》: | 天下舉忠而士不與焉，舉信而士不與焉，舉廉而士不與焉，三者存乎身，名傳於世，與日月並而息，天不能殺，地不能生，當桀紂之世不之能汙也，然則非惡生而樂死也，惡富貴好貧賤也，由其理，尊貴及己而仕也不辭也。 |
| 《大戴禮記·保傅》: | 湯以殷王，紂以殷亡。 |
| 《白虎通德論·禮樂》: | 殷紂為惡日久，其惡最甚，斫涉刳胎，殘賊天下。 |
| 《新書·大政下》: | 故湯以桀之亂氓為治，武王以紂之北卒為彊。 |
| 《新序·善謀下》: | 周之先自后稷，堯封之邰，積德累善十餘世，公嬌避桀居邠，大王以狄伐去邠，杖馬策居岐國，人爭歸之，及文王為西伯，斷虞芮訟，始受命，呂望、伯夷自海濱來歸之，武王伐紂，不期而會孟津上八百諸侯，滅殷，成王即位，周公之屬傅相，乃營成周雒邑，以為天下中，諸侯四方，納貢職道里均矣。 |
| 《中論·貴驗》: | 殷紂為天子而稱獨夫，仲尼為匹夫而稱素王，盡此類也。 |
| 《孔子家語·觀周》: | 孔子觀乎明堂，覩四門墉有堯舜與桀紂之象，而各有善惡之狀、興廢之誡焉。 |
| 《潛夫論·論榮》: | 夫桀、紂者，夏、殷之君王也，崇侯、惡來，天子之三公也，而猶不免於小人者，以其心行惡也。 |
| 《論衡·逢遇》: | 伊尹遇成湯，箕子遇商紂也。 |
| 《風俗通義·三王》: | 《尚書》：「武王戎車三百兩，虎賁八百人，擒紂於牧之野。」 |
| 《孔叢子·抗志》: | 子思曰：「文王葬朽骨而天下知仁，商紂斫朝涉而天下稱暴。」 |
| 《申鑒·時事》: | 桀、紂不易民而亂，湯、武不易民而治，政也。 |
| 《新語·術事》: | 故說事者上陳五帝之功，而思之于身，下列桀、紂之敗，而戒之于己，則德可以配日月，行可以合神靈，登高及遠，達幽洞冥，聽之無聲，視之無形，世人莫覩其兆，莫知其情，校脩《五經》之本末，道德之真偽，既□其意，而不見其人。 |
| 《獨斷·卷下》: | 帝謚：違拂不成曰隱，靖民則法曰黃，翼善傳聖曰堯，仁聖盛明曰舜，殘人多壘曰桀，殘義損善曰紂，慈惠愛親曰孝，愛民好與曰惠，聖善同文曰宣，聲聞宣遠曰昭，克定禍亂曰武，聰明睿智曰獻，溫柔聖善曰懿，布德執義曰穆，仁義說民曰元，安仁立政曰神，布綱治紀曰平，亂而不損曰靈，保民耆艾曰明，辟土有德曰襄，貞心大度曰匡，大慮慈民曰定，知過能改曰恭，不生其國曰聲，一德不懈曰簡，夙興夜寐曰敬，清白自守曰貞，柔德好眾曰靖，安樂治民曰康，小心畏忌曰僖，中身早折曰悼，慈仁和民曰順，好勇致力曰莊，恭人短折曰哀，在國逢難曰愍，名實過爽曰繆，壅遏不通曰幽，暴虐無親曰厲，致志大圖曰景，辟土兼國曰桓，經緯天地曰文，執義揚善曰懷，短折不成曰殤，去禮遠眾曰煬，怠政外交曰攜，治典不敷曰祈。 |
| 《蔡中郎集·獨斷》: | 帝謚：違拂不成曰隱，靖民則法曰黃，翼善傳聖曰堯，仁聖盛明曰舜，殘人多壘曰桀，殘義損善曰紂，慈惠愛親曰孝，愛民好與曰惠，聖善同文曰宣，聲聞宣遠曰昭，克定禍亂曰武，聰明睿智曰獻，溫柔聖善曰懿，布德執義曰穆，仁義說民曰元，安仁立政曰神，布綱治紀曰平，亂而不損曰靈，保民耆艾曰明，辟土有德曰襄，貞心大度曰匡，大慮慈民曰定，知過能改曰恭，不生其國曰聲，一德不懈曰簡，夙興夜寐曰敬，清白自守曰貞，柔德好眾曰靖，安樂治民曰康，小心畏忌曰僖，中身早折曰悼，慈仁和民曰順，好勇致力曰莊，恭人短折曰哀，在國逢難曰愍，名實過爽曰繆，壅遏不通曰幽，暴虐無親曰厲，致志大圖曰景，辟土兼國曰桓，經緯天地曰文，執義揚善曰懷，短折不成曰殤，去禮遠眾曰煬，怠政外交曰攜，治典不敷曰祈。 |
| 《列子·黃帝》: | 夏桀、殷紂、魯桓、楚穆，狀貌七竅，皆同於人，而有禽獸之心。 |
| 《鶡冠子·世兵》: | 湯能以七十里放桀，武王以百里伐紂，知一不煩，千方萬曲，所雜齊同，勝道不一，知者計全，明將不倍時而棄利，勇士不怯死而滅名，欲喻至德之美者，其慮不與俗同，欲驗九天之高者，行不徑請，是以忠臣不先其身而後其君，寒心孤立懸命，將軍野戰，則國弊民罷，城守則食人灼骸，計失，其國削主困，為天下笑，持國計者可以無詳乎？ |
| 《文子·道德》: | 使桀紂循道行德，湯武雖賢，無所建其功也。 |
| 《列仙傳·呂尚》: | 避紂之亂，隱於遼東四十年。 |
| 《鬻子》: | 二十七世，積歲五百七十六歲至紂。 |
| 《韓非子·初見秦》: | 昔者紂為天子，將率天下甲兵百萬，左飲於淇溪，右飲於洹谿，淇水竭而洹水不流，以與周武王為難。 |
| 《慎子·逸文》: | 桀紂之有天下也，四海之內皆亂，關龍逢、王子比干不與焉。 |
| 《管子·版法解》: | 武王伐紂，士卒往者，人有書社，入殷之日，決鉅橋之粟，散鹿臺之錢，殷民大說，此所謂能以所不有予人者也。 |
| 《吳子·圖國》: | 故成湯討桀而夏民喜悅，周武伐紂而殷人不非。 |
| 《尉繚子·天官》: | 武王伐紂，背濟水向山阪而陣，以二萬二千五百人，擊紂之億萬而滅商，豈紂不得天官之陣哉 |
| 《淮南子·齊俗訓》: | 其遭桀、紂之世，天授也。 |
| 《呂氏春秋·行論》: | 昔者紂為無道，殺梅伯而醢之，殺鬼侯而脯之，以禮諸侯於廟。 |
| 《尹文子·大道上》: | 桀、紂、幽、厲之敗，或是或非，失時則亡。 |
| 《鄧析子·轉辭》: | 至于栗陸氏殺東里子，宿沙氏戮箕文，桀誅龍逢，紂刳比干， 此1四主者亂君，故其疾賢若仇。 |
| 《春秋左傳》: | 臧文仲曰，宋其興乎，禹湯罪己，其興也悖焉，桀紂罪人，其亡也忽焉，且列國有凶，稱孤禮也，言懼而名禮，其庶乎。 |
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