Chinese Text Project | |
Simplified Chinese version |
臣 U+81E3 | Seal script | Jinwen | Jiaguwen | Jianbo | 𢘑 Semantic variant |
Radical: | 臣+ 0 strokes = 6 strokes total. |
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References: | Guangyun: p.102#18 Kangxi: p.999#13 Cihai: p.1106r2c02 GSR: 377.a Hanyu: v4,p2801#01 |
Composition: | Component of: 卧 𠈄 𠙉 𠡗 臤 卧 𦣟 𭘍 𭰍 䢻 姫 𡇖 宦 弫 挋 𠱸 𢙞 𭎏 𫇅 𦣢 [More] |
Mandarin: | chén ㄔㄣˊ |
Cantonese: | san4 |
Tang reconstruction: | *zhin |
Shuowen: | 《臣部》臣:牵也。事君也。象屈服之形。凡臣之属皆从臣。 |
Guangyun: | 《广韵·上平声·眞·辰》臣:伏也,男子贱称春秋说曰正气爲帝闲气爲臣孝经说曰臣者坚也。 |
Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·臣部·臣部》臣:〔古文〕𢘑《唐韵》植邻切《集韵》《韵会》丞眞切,𠀤音辰。事人之称。《说文》臣,牵也,事君也。象屈服之形。《白虎通》臣者,缠也,励志自坚固也。《广韵》伏也。仕于公曰臣,任于家曰仆。《易·序卦》有父子,然后有君臣,有君臣,然后有上下。《诗·小雅》率土之滨,莫非王臣。又《前汉·王陵传》陈平谢曰:主臣。《注》文颖曰:惶恐之辞,犹今言死罪。晋灼曰:主,击也。臣,服也。言其击服。惶恐之辞。《通雅》发语敬谢之辞,犹主在上,臣在下,自然敬恐也。又姓。《奇姓通》唐臣悦,著平陈纪。又《韵补》叶音禅。《道藏歌》跻景西那东,肆觐善因缘。常融无地官,皆是圣皇臣。 |
Fanqie: | 植邻 (《广韵·上平声·眞·辰》) |
Unihan definition: | minister, statesman, official |
Example usage
《论语·八佾》: | 定公问:“君使臣,臣事君,如之何?” |
The duke Ding asked how a prince should employ his ministers, and how ministers should serve their prince. | |
《孟子·尽心上》: | 人莫大焉亡亲戚、君臣、上下。 |
A man can have no greater crimes than to disown his parents and relatives, and the relations of sovereign and minister, superiors and inferiors. | |
《礼记·缁衣》: | 臣仪行,不重辞,不援其所不及,不烦其所不知,则君不劳矣。 |
When the ministers are exemplary in their conduct, and do not set a value on (fine) speeches; when they do not try to lead (the ruler) to what is unattainable, and do not trouble him with what cannot be (fully) known, then he is not toiled. | |
《孝经·谏诤》: | 昔者天子有争臣七人,虽无道,不失其天下。 |
Anciently, if the Son of Heaven had seven ministers who would remonstrate with him, although he had not right methods of government, he would not lose his possession of the kingdom. | |
《扬子法言·序》: | 仲尼以来,国君将相,卿士名臣,参差不齐,一概诸圣,撰《重黎》。 |
Since the time of Confucius, rulers of kingdoms, generals, chancellors, ministers, gentlemen, and famous officials have been variously and non-uniformly judged. I have uniformly judged them by the standards of the sage. Thus, I have written "Zhong and Li." | |
《墨子·经上》: | 君,臣萌通约也。 |
The jun (ruler) is the common knot tying ministers and people. | |
《庄子·齐物论》: | 如是皆有,为臣妾乎,其臣妾不足以相治乎。 |
Is it not the case that they all perform the part of your servants and waiting women? All of them being such, are they not incompetent to rule one another? | |
《道德经》: | 国家昏乱,有忠臣。 |
When the states and clans fell into disorder, loyal ministers appeared. | |
《商君书·更法》: | 错法务明主长,臣之行也。 |
To shape the laws and to see to it that an intelligent ruler reigns, are the tasks of a minister. | |
《荀子·大略》: | 君人者不可以不慎取臣,匹夫不可不慎取友。 |
《说苑·君道》: | 屡省考绩,以临臣下。 |
《春秋繁露·玉杯》: | 父不父则子不子,君不君则臣不臣耳。 |
《韩诗外传·卷一》: | 天子不得而臣也,诸侯不得而友也。 |
《大戴礼记·主言》: | 明主笃行三至,故天下之君可得而知也,天下之士可得而臣也,天下之民可得而用也。 |
《白虎通德论·爵》: | 《中候》曰:“天子臣放勋。” |
《新书·大政下》: | 故国丰且富,然后君乐也,忠臣之功也。 |
《新序·善谋下》: | 岁馀,上欲废太子,立戚氏夫人子赵王如意,大臣多争,未能得坚决者也。 |
《中论·虚道》: | 昔卫武公年过九十,犹夙夜不怠,思闻训道,命其群臣曰:“无谓我老耄而舍我,必朝夕交戒。” |
《孔子家语·相鲁》: | 今合之,所以掩夫子之不臣。 |
《潜夫论·务本》: | 人臣者,以忠正为本,以媚爱为末。 |
《论衡·命义》: | 及长,置以贤师良傅,教君臣、父子之道。 |
《太玄经·中》: | 测曰,“酋酋”之“包”、任臣则也。 |
《风俗通义·三王》: | 时尚臣属,何缘便得列三王哉 |
《孔丛子·论书》: | 孔子曰:“古之王者,臣有大功,死,则必祀之于庙,所以殊有绩、劝忠勤也。” |
《申鉴·政体》: | 其功格宇宙,粤有虎臣乱政,时亦惟荒圯湮,兹洪轨仪,鉴于三代之典,王允迪厥德,功业有尚。 |
《忠经·天地神明章》: | 至理之时,君臣同德,则休气应也。 |
《素书·原始章》: | 若时至而行,则能极人臣之位。 |
《新语·道基》: | 于是先圣乃仰观天文,俯察地理,图画乾坤,以定人道,民始开悟,知有父子之亲,君臣之义,夫妇之道,长幼之序。 |
《独断·卷上》: | 汉天子正号曰“皇帝”,自称曰“朕”,臣民称之曰“陛下”,其言曰“制诏”,史官记事曰“上”。 |
《蔡中郎集·独断》: | 孝武帝幸馆陶公主家,召见董偃,偃傅青褠绿帻,主赞曰:主家庖人臣偃昧死再拜谒,上为之起,乃赐衣冠,引上殿。 |
《列子·黄帝》: | 心如渊泉,形如处女,不偎不爱,仙圣为之臣。 |
《鶡冠子·天则》: | 九皇之制,主不虚王,臣不虚贵阶级。 |
《文子·精诚》: | 君臣乖心,倍谲见于天,神气相应,微矣,此谓不言之辩,不道之道也。 |
《文始真经·三极》: | 关尹子曰:“圣人师蜂,立君臣。” |
《列仙传·黄帝》: | 自择亡日,与群臣辞。 |
《老子河上公章句》: | 国家昏乱,有忠臣。 |
《韩非子·初见秦》: | 臣闻不知而言不智,知而不言不忠,为人臣不忠当死,言而不当亦当死。 |
《申不害·大体》: | 一臣专君,群臣皆蔽。 |
《慎子·因循》: | 是故先王见不受禄者不臣,禄不厚者,不与入难。 |
《谏逐客书》: | 秦宗室大臣皆言秦王曰:“诸侯人来事秦者,大抵为其主游闲于秦耳,请一切逐客。” |
《管子·轻重己》: | 以春日至始,数四十六日,春尽而夏始,天子服黄而静处,朝诸侯卿大夫列士,循于百姓,发号出令曰:“毋聚大众,毋行大火,毋断大木,诛大臣,毋斩大山,毋戮大衍,灭三大而国有害也。” |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
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