Chinese Text Project Dictionary

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	Simplified Chinese version

Daoism -> Zhuangzi -> Miscellaneous Chapters -> Xu Wu-gui -> 10.3

狗不以善吠为良，	A dog is not reckoned good because it barks well;
人不以善言为贤，	and a man is not reckoned wise because be speaks skilfully
而况为大乎！	- how much less can he be deemed Great!
夫为大不足以为大，	If one thinks he is Great, he is not fit to be accounted Great
而况为德乎！	- how much less is he so from the practice of the attributes (of the Dao)!
夫大备矣，莫若天地；	Now none are so grandly complete as Heaven and Earth;
然奚求焉，而大备矣。	but do they seek for anything to make them so grandly complete?
知大备者，	He who knows this grand completion
无求、无失、无弃，	does not seek for it; he loses nothing and abandons nothing;
不以物易己也。	he does not change himself from regard to (external) things;
反己而不穷，	he turns in on himself, and finds there an inexhaustible store;
循古而不摩，	he follows antiquity and does not feel about (for its lessons)
大人之诚。	- such is the perfect sincerity of the Great Man.

Character	Composition	Variants	Reading	Meaning	Hanyu	Kangxi	Cihai
狗	犬+5		gǒu ㄍㄡˇ	dog, canis familiaris	v2,p1341#05	p.709#12	p.874r6c03
不	一+3	不𠀚𠙐	bù ㄅㄨˋ	Not have. / To not be. / Negational adverb, used before verbs, adjectives, etc. to indicate negation. / Negational adverb expressing prohibition: do not. / Negational adverb expressing rhetorical question: is not...?	v1,p0011#06	p.76#15	p.30r1c01
			fǒu ㄈㄡˇ	Same as “否(1.2)” fǒu ㄈㄡˇ: Adverb used together with an affirmative word, expressing its negative or opposite. / Same as “否(1.3)” fǒu ㄈㄡˇ: Adverb used at the end of a question to form a yes-no question.
			fū ㄈㄨ	Sepal of a flower.
			pī ㄆㄧ	Same as “丕(1)” pī ㄆㄧ: Large.
			bǐ ㄅㄧˇ	Show disdain for.
以	人+3	㠯	yǐ ㄧˇ	Use. / Believe. / Command. / Lead. / Connect, implicate. / Have. / Cause, reason. / Preposition: because. / Preposition: from, in. / Preposition: at [some time]. / Preposition: using. / Preposition: in accordance with. / Preposition: relying upon. / Preposition: in the capacity of. / Preposition: with, together with. / Connective: indicates the following action is the objective of the preceding one. / Connective: used between adverbial clause and verb to express modification. / Connective: and. / Connective: but. / Connective: and so, thus. / Particle: used together with some words expressing direction and time. / Modal particle. / Same as “已(1)” yǐ ㄧˇ: Stop, discontinue. / Same as “已(7.2)” yǐ ㄧˇ: Adverb: already. / Same as “已(7.3)” yǐ ㄧˇ: Adverb: extremely.	v1,p0105#07	p.94#01	p.87r6c01
善	口+9	譱𦎍𠾄𧮟	shàn ㄕㄢˋ	Good. / Take to be good, like. / Good person. / Strong point, merit. / Perfect. / Gentle, kind. / Friendly. / Good at doing. / Improve, make good. / Control, regulate. / Food.	v1,p0660#02	p.197#18	p.282r3c04
吠	口+4		fèi ㄈㄟˋ	bark	v1,p0587#02	p.177#22	p.257r6c01
为	火+5	爲为	wéi ㄨㄟˊ	Create, make. / Build, construct. / Do. / Plant, grow. / Govern. / Research, study. / Serve as. / Change into, become. / As, in the role of. / Count as, be considered as. / Called, named. / Expresses judgement: is. / Make, cause (to). / Have. / Take part in. / Write, author. / Connective: if. / Particle used in the middle of a sentence to move forward the object. / Modal particle used at the end of a sentence to express a rhetorical question.	v3,p2198#11	p.669#10	p.844r4c03
			wèi ㄨㄟˋ	Help, assist. / Preposition: for, on behalf of. / Preposition: by (passive). / Preposition: because of, due to. / Preposition: with, together with. / Connective: because. / Say. / False, fake.
良	艮+1	良𡰩𥭣𡆨	liáng liǎng ㄌㄧㄤˊ ㄌㄧㄤˇ	good, virtuous, respectable	v5,p3170#02	p.1013#23	p.1119r3c01
人	人+0	𠔽亻	rén ㄖㄣˊ	Man, person. / Others, other people. / The people, ordinary men. / Talent, material. / [A man's] character. / Affairs of men, world of man. / Benevolence.	v1,p0101#10	p.91#01	p.80r2c01
言	言+0	訁𢍗𢍬	yán ㄧㄢˊ	Speak, say. / Discuss, debate. / Tell. / Doctrine, theory, words. / One word. / Sentence. / Particle, no meaning.	v6,p3936#01	p.1146#01	p.1236r5c03
贤	贝+8	臤贒贤	xián ㄒㄧㄢˊ	virtuous, worthy, good; able	v6,p3646#06	p.1209#28	p.1276r5c02
而	而+0		ér ㄦˊ	Whiskers. / Like, similar to. / Pronoun: you. / Pronoun: this, like this. / Connective: and, with. / Connective: and, then. / Connective: if, supposing. / Connective: yet, however. / Connective: therefore, hence. / Connective: expresses method or state. / Particle: of. / Expressive particle.	v4,p2810#01	p.961#18	p.1080r2c03
			néng ㄋㄥˊ	Same as “能(3)” néng ㄋㄥˊ: Able to, competent. / Same as “能(2.1)” néng ㄋㄥˊ: Ability, talent.
况	水+5	况𡶢	kuàng ㄎㄨㄤˋ	condition, situation; furthermore	v3,p1586#02	p.615#01	p.777r4c01
大	大+0	𠘲	dà ㄉㄚˋ	Large, great. / Exceed, be greater than. / Venerate, treat as being great. / Many. / Thick, coarse. / Elder. / Respectful term of address. / Adverb expressing high level or broad range.	v1,p0520#01	p.248#01	p.342r3c03
			tài ㄊㄞˋ	Most (superlative). / Too much. / Peaceful, tranquil.
乎	丿+4	宓	hū ㄏㄨ	Modal particle expressing questioning or a rhetorical question. / Modal particle expressing admiration or exclamation. / Modal particle expressing estimation. / Modal particle expressing request or order. / Modal particle expressing calling. / Modal particle expressing consideration. / Modal particle expressing affirmation. / Particle used after adjectives. / Particle used in the middle of a sentence to express a pause. / Preposition: in, from, to.	v1,p0036#08	p.82#07	p.47r3c03
夫	大+1		fū ㄈㄨ	General term for adult men. / Adult labourers in particular. / Soldier. / Respectful term for a man. / Husband. / Unit of area equal to one hundred mu.	v1,p0521#01	p.248#11	p.367r2c01
			fú ㄈㄨˊ	Demonstrative pronoun: this, these. / Modal particle used at the start of a sentence for emphasis or to indicate an assertion. / Modal particle used in the middle of a sentence to soften the tone. / Modal particle used at the end of a sentence to express exclamation.
足	足+0	疋𤴕	zú jù ㄗㄨˊ ㄐㄩˋ	foot; attain, satisfy, enough	v6,p3686#01	p.1221#17	p.1287r6c03
德	彳+12	惪悳	dé ㄉㄜˊ	Morals, morality. / Good deeds. / Good fortune. / Reward kindness, thank. / Heart, feelings. / Same as “得(1.1)” dé ㄉㄜˊ: Get, obtain.	v2,p0841#17	p.371#08	p.518r3c01
备	人+10	𠈍俻备	bèi ㄅㄟˋ	prepare, ready, perfect	v1,p0200#08	p.113#21	p.121r3c02
矣	矢+2	𠤘	yǐ ㄧˇ	Modal particle used to express declaration. / Modal particle used to express exclamation. / Modal particle used to express an order or request.	v4,p2580#04	p.823#37	p.955r5c01
莫	草+7	𦮅䒬𦱴	mò mù ㄇㄛˋ ㄇㄨˋ	do not, is not, can not; negative	v5,p3217#15	p.1035#13	p.1141r3c03
若	草+5	若𦱡𦱶𧁇	ruò ㄖㄨㄛˋ	Iris. / Same as “北海若” běi hǎi ruò ㄅㄟˇ ㄏㄞˇ ㄖㄨㄛˋ: Ruo, a god of the Northern Sea. / Go by, accord with. / Choose. / Like, similar to. / Identical, the same. / As good as, comparable to. / To, arrive at. / You, your. / This way, like this. / Regarding, as regards. / If, should it be the case. / Or, alternatively. / But, yet. / Adjectival suffix.	v5,p3187#07	p.1023#12	p.1130r1c03
天	大+1	𠀡𠀘𦴞兲靝𠕹	tiān ㄊㄧㄢ	sky, heaven; god, celestial	v1,p0522#01	p.248#04	p.358r4c01
地	土+3	埊𨻐埅𠏂嶳	dì de ㄉㄧˋ ㄉㄜ·	earth; soil, ground; region	v1,p0420#12	p.224#06	p.312r6c01
然	火+8	燃𤓉	rán ㄖㄢˊ	Burn. / Demonstrative pronoun: like this, like that. / Expresses affirmation: true, indeed so. / Believe correct, affirm. / Adverb: actually, thus. / Connective: but, however, yet. / Particle used at the end of a sentence to express comparison. Like, as if. / Particle used after an adjective or adverb to express state. / Particle used at the end of a sentence to express affirmative mode.	v3,p2213#05	p.675#12	p.852r5c01
奚	大+7		xī xí ㄒㄧㄒㄧˊ	where? what? how? why?; servant	v1,p0541#11	p.252#10	p.373r2c03
求	水+2	裘	qiú ㄑㄧㄡˊ	seek; demand, request; beseech	v3,p1547#08	p.604#04	p.763r3c02
焉	火+7		yān ㄧㄢ	Same as “之(2)” zhī ㄓ: Demonstrative pronoun: this, these. / Same as “之(3)” zhī ㄓ: Third person pronoun: him, her, it. / Demonstrative pronoun and modal particle: than this. / Interrogative pronoun: how, where. / Interrogative pronoun: what. / Connective: and, then. / Preposition: in. / Modal particle. / Adjectival or adverbal suffix.	v3,p2206#14	p.672#21	p.847r5c01
知	矢+3	𢇻𥎿	zhī ㄓ	Know, understand. / Perception. / Recognize. / Knowledge. / Know about, make sense of. / Be friendly with. / Control, get on top of.	v4,p2581#02	p.824#01	p.955r5c02
			zhì ㄓˋ	Wisdom.
者	老+4		zhě ㄓㄜˇ	Pronoun used after verbs, adjectives, etc. in place of a person or thing. / Pronoun used after numbers in place of a thing. / Pronoun used after time or negation to express "when" or "if". / Expressive particle used in a declarative sentence after the subject. / Expressive particle used in a sentence after the subject to express cause or explanation.	v4,p2780#05	p.961#01	p.1080r1c01
			zhuó ㄓㄨㄛˊ	In, located in.
无	火+8	𣟒𣚨𠘩无无	wú ㄨˊ	Not have. / Philosophical category referring to absence, non-existence, or vacuity. / Adverb expressing negation: not. / Adverb expressing questioning: or not. / Connective: regardless of. / Connective: even if. / Particle used at the beginning of a sentence, no meaning. / Do not. / Barren, uncultivated.	v3,p2211#15	p.673#26	p.848r2c04
失	大+2		shī ㄕ	lose; make mistake, neglect	v1,p0525#01	p.249#09	p.368r3c01
弃	木+8	弃𢍞𨓋	qì ㄑㄧˋ	reject, abandon, discard	v2,p1237#07	p.531#15	p.702r4c01
物	牛+4		wù ㄨˋ	thing, substance, creature	v3,p1805#03	p.699#09	p.869r5c01
易	日+4	易	yì ㄧˋ	change; easy	v2,p1494#01	p.492#03	p.633r6c01
己	己+0	𢀒	jǐ ㄐㄧˇ	self, oneself; personal, private; 6th heavenly stem	v2,p0983#05	p.326#09	p.467r2c01
也	乙+2	𠃟匜	yě ㄧㄝˇ	Modal particle used at the end of a sentence, expressing assertion and affirmation. / Modal particle used at the end of a question for emphasis. / Modal particle used at the end of a cause-effect sentence to express explanation. / Modal particle used in the middle of a sentence to express a pause.	v1,p0050#05	p.84#04	p.55r1c01
反	又+2	𠬡	fǎn ㄈㄢˇ	Turn over. / Opposite, other way around. / Violate, go against. / Rebel, mutiny. / Return, go back to. / Go and return. / Return, give back. / Repeat, do again. / Reason by analogy. / Reflect, consider. / Revenge. / Fanqie, an ancient way of specifying character readings. / Adverb: rather, on the contrary.	v1,p0391#03	p.165#19	p.234r1c02
			fān ㄈㄢ	Open. / Correct a mistaken judgement. / Pour out.
			fàn ㄈㄢˋ	Same as “贩(2)” fàn ㄈㄢˋ: To trade goods.
			bǎn ㄅㄢˇ	See "反反".
			pàn ㄆㄢˋ	See "反衍".
穷	穴+10	竆穷	qióng ㄑㄩㄥˊ	poor, destitute, impoverished	v4,p2737#12	p.867#10	p.1000r6c05
循	彳+9		xún ㄒㄩㄣˊ	obey, comply with, follow	v2,p0835#04	p.369#28	p.516r6c01
古	口+2	𠖠𡇣	gǔ ㄍㄨˇ	old, classic, ancient	v1,p0568#03	p.171#08	p.240r1c02
摩	手+11	擵𢳀	mó mā ㄇㄛˊ ㄇㄚ	rub, scour, grind; friction	v3,p1940#07	p.450#28	p.589r1c02
之	丿+3	㞢	zhī ㄓ	Towards; go to. / Demonstrative pronoun: this, these. / Third person pronoun: him, her, it. / Auxiliary word: of. / Auxiliary word: used between subject and predicate, cancels independence of a clause. / Auxiliary word: used in a sentence for aesthetic purpose only, no meaning.	v1,p0043#01	p.82#04	p.47r2c02
诚	言+6	诚	chéng ㄔㄥˊ	sincere, honest; true, real	v6,p3963#05	p.1163#12	p.1246r2c01

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