Chinese Text Project Dictionary

Legalism -> Shang Jun Shu -> Making Orders Strict -> 3

六蝨：曰禮樂，曰詩書，曰修善，曰孝弟，曰誠信，曰貞廉，曰仁義，曰非兵，曰羞戰。	The six parasites are: rites and music, odes and history, moral culture and virtue, filial piety and brotherly love, sincerity and faith, chastity and integrity, benevolence and righteousness, criticism of the army and being ashamed of fighting.
國有十二者，上無使農戰，必貧至削。	If there are these twelve things, the ruler is unable to make people farm and fight, and then the state will be so poor that it will be dismembered.
十二者成群，	If these twelve things come together,
此謂君之治不勝其臣，	then it may be said that the prince's administration is not stronger than his ministers
官之治不勝其民，	and that the administration of his officials is not stronger than his people.
此謂六蝨勝其政也。	This is said to be a condition where the six parasites are stronger than the government.
十二者成樸，必削。	When these twelve gain an attachment, then dismemberment ensues.
是故興國不用十二者，故其國多力，而天下莫之能犯也。	Therefore to make a country prosperous, these twelve things should not be practised; then the state will have much strength, and no one in the empire will be able to invade it.
兵出必取，	When its soldiers march out, they will capture their objective,
取必能有之；	and having captured it, will be able to hold it.
按兵而不攻，	When it keeps its soldiers in reserve and does not attack,
必富。	it will certainly become rich.
朝廷之吏，少者不毀也，多者不損也。	The court officials do not reject any merits, however few they may be, nor do they detract from any merits, however many they may be.
效功而取官爵，	Office and rank are obtained according to the acquired merit,
雖有辯言，	and even though there may be sophistical talk,
不得以相干也，	it will be impossible thereby to obtain undue precedence.
此謂以數治。	This is said to be government by statistics.
以力攻者，	In attacking with force,
出一取十，	ten points are gained for every one point undertaken,
以言攻者，	but in attacking with words,
出十亡百。	a hundred are lost for every one marched out.
國好力，	If a state loves force,
此謂以難攻；	it is said to attack with what is difficult;
國好言，	if a state loves words,
此謂以易攻。	it is said to attack with what is easy.

Character	Composition	Variants	Reading	Meaning	Hanyu	Kangxi	Cihai
六	八+2	六陸	liù lù ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄌㄨˋ	number six	v1,p0241#09	p.127#01	p.154r5c01
蝨	虫+9	虱	shī ㄕ	louse; bed bug	v4,p2874#05	p.1090#19	p.1194r1c01
曰	曰+0		yuē ㄩㄝ	Say, speak. / Call, name. / Particle.	v2,p1482#02	p.502#01	p.648r3c03
禮	示+13	禮礼𠃞𤔑礼	lǐ ㄌㄧˇ	social custom; manners; courtesy; rites	v4,p2409#14	p.847#07	p.985r2c04
樂	木+11	樂乐	yuè ㄩㄝˋ	Music. / Perform, play music. / Musical instrument. / The (now lost) classic of music. / Musician. / Yue, a surname.	v2,p1280#16	p.548#20	p.715r4c03
			lè ㄌㄜˋ	Happiness. / Make happy. / Fondness for, liking of. / Happy to, willing to. / Tranquil, contented. / Music and debauchery. / Le, a surname.
詩	言+6	𧥳诗	shī ㄕ	poetry; poem, verse, ode	v6,p3961#05	p.1157#15	p.1242r5c03
書	曰+6	书	shū ㄕㄨ	book, letter, document; writings	v2,p1509#09	p.502#12	p.650r3c02
修	人+8		xiū ㄒㄧㄡ	study; repair; cultivate	v1,p0159#02	p.106#05	p.110r3c01
善	口+9	譱𦎍𠾄𧮟	shàn ㄕㄢˋ	Good. / Take to be good, like. / Good person. / Strong point, merit. / Perfect. / Gentle, kind. / Friendly. / Good at doing. / Improve, make good. / Control, regulate. / Food.	v1,p0660#02	p.197#18	p.282r3c04
孝	子+4		xiào ㄒㄧㄠˋ	filial piety, obedience; mourning	v2,p1011#04	p.278#11	p.398r5c03
弟	弓+4	𠂖𢦢	dì ㄉㄧˋ	Sequence, order. / Younger brother. / Younger sister. / Late. / But, only.	v1,p0244#10	p.357#17	p.501r1c02
			tì ㄊㄧˋ	Respect one's elders.
			tuí ㄊㄨㄟˊ	See 弟靡.
誠	言+6	诚	chéng ㄔㄥˊ	sincere, honest; true, real	v6,p3963#05	p.1163#12	p.1246r2c01
信	人+7	伩㐰䚱	xìn ㄒㄧㄣˋ	True, words fitting the truth. / As expected. / Really, actually. / Trust, trustworthy. / Reliable, orderly. / Believe, have confidence in. / Clarify, determine. / Clear, clear-cut. / Certificate, (object of) proof. / Sealed letter, written proof. / Envoy, messenger. / Freely, as one wishes. / Stay for two nights in succession.	v1,p0165#01	p.105#25	p.109r2c01
			shēn ㄕㄣ	Straight, linear. / Uphold, promote.
貞	貝+2	𠨀贞	zhēn ㄓㄣ	virtuous, chaste, pure; loyal	v6,p3622#03	p.1204#03	p.1268r3c01
廉	广+10	廉磏槏𢋯𢉧	lián ㄌㄧㄢˊ	upright, honorable, honest	v2,p0896#01	p.349#08	p.491r5c01
仁	人+2	忈忎𡰥	rén ㄖㄣˊ	humaneness, benevolence, kindness	v1,p0107#01	p.91#07
義	羊+7	义	yì ㄧˋ	right conduct, righteousness	v5,p3133#02	p.952#32	p.1071r3c01
非	非+0		fēi ㄈㄟ	Violate, go against (a rule). / Wrong, bad. / Not real, untrue. / Oppose, object to. / Slander, condemn. / Sarcasm, irony. / Absence of, not have. / Adverb: not, is not.	v6,p4086#01	p.1382#11	p.1463r6c02
			fěi ㄈㄟˇ	Same as 「誹(2)」 fěi ㄈㄟˇ: Slander.
兵	八+5	𠈯𠡿	bīng ㄅㄧㄥ	soldier, troops	v1,p0244#04	p.127#10	p.162r1c02
羞	羊+5	羞	xiū ㄒㄧㄡ	disgrace, shame; ashamed; shy	v5,p3128#07	p.952#04	p.1070r4c02
戰	戈+12	戦战	zhàn ㄓㄢˋ	war, fighting, battle	v2,p1412#12	p.414#11	p.553r5c01
國	囗+8	圀國囗囶𢧌䆐囯国	guó ㄍㄨㄛˊ	nation, country, nation-state	v1,p0720#09	p.219#16	p.303r4c02
有	月+2		yǒu ㄧㄡˇ	Have, possess. / Store, collect. / Occupy. / Hold on to, retain. / Have in abundance. / Good harvest. / Obtain. / Only. / Be, exist. / Occur, happen. / Make. / Particle used before a noun with no meaning. / Particle used before a monosyllabic adjective with no meaning. / Particle used before a verb with no meaning. / Still, yet. / Some people. / Region.	v3,p2041#05	p.504#20	p.656r5c01
			yòu ㄧㄡˋ	Help, assist. / Same as 「又(3)」 yòu ㄧㄡˋ: Moreover.
十	十+0	拾拾	shí ㄕˊ	ten, tenth; complete; perfect	v1,p0058#09	p.155#17	p.207r5c02
二	二+0	贰弍貳	èr ㄦˋ	two; twice	v1,p0002#01	p.86#01	p.58r6c01
者	老+4		zhě ㄓㄜˇ	Pronoun used after verbs, adjectives, etc. in place of a person or thing. / Pronoun used after numbers in place of a thing. / Pronoun used after time or negation to express "when" or "if". / Expressive particle used in a declarative sentence after the subject. / Expressive particle used in a sentence after the subject to express cause or explanation.	v4,p2780#05	p.961#01	p.1080r1c01
			zhuó ㄓㄨㄛˊ	In, located in.
上	一+2	丄𠄞	shàng ㄕㄤˋ	top; superior, highest; go up, send up	v1,p0005#04	p.76#07	p.24r2c01
無	火+8	𣟒𣚨𠘩无橆	wú ㄨˊ	Not have. / Philosophical category referring to absence, non-existence, or vacuity. / Adverb expressing negation: not. / Adverb expressing questioning: or not. / Connective: regardless of. / Connective: even if. / Particle used at the beginning of a sentence, no meaning. / Do not. / Barren, uncultivated.	v3,p2211#15	p.673#26	p.848r2c04
使	人+6	𡥐𠭆	shǐ ㄕˇ	Order, send (on a mission). / Cause, make. / Allocate, use. / Indulge in.. / Send as an envoy. / Envoy, messenger. / Connective: if, supposing.	v1,p0145#02	p.101#05	p.101r3c03
農	辰+6	莀䢉𦦥辳𨑇𣊤𨑋𨑆𦦤农	nóng ㄋㄨㄥˊ	agriculture, farming; farmer	v6,p3607#03	p.1252#24	p.1311r1c02
必	心+1		bì ㄅㄧˋ	surely, most certainly; must	v4,p2267#02	p.375#02	p.522r5c01
貧	貝+4	𡧋贫	pín ㄆㄧㄣˊ	poor, impoverished, needy	v6,p3628#01	p.1205#10	p.1270r3c01
至	至+0	𦤳𦤴𦤵𡊏	zhì dié ㄓˋ ㄉㄧㄝˊ	reach, arrive; extremely, very	v4,p2814#01	p.1001#11	p.1111r3c04
削	刀+7		xuē xiāo ㄒㄩㄝㄒㄧㄠ	scrape off, pare, trim	v1,p0341#02	p.140#05	p.184r1c01
成	戈+2	𢦩	chéng ㄔㄥˊ	completed, finished, fixed	v2,p1399#01	p.411#11
群	羊+7	羣	qún ㄑㄩㄣˊ	(same as U+7FA3 羣) group, crowd, multitude, mob	v5,p3134#12	p.952#26	p.1072r5c02
此	止+2		cǐ ㄘˇ	This. / Like this. / Here. / Adverb: then.	v2,p1438#03	p.574#10	p.735r4c01
謂	言+9	谓	wèi ㄨㄟˋ	To (when speaking to someone). / Say, speak. / Call, name. / Meaning, what is meant. / Discuss, comment on (a person). / How? / Same as 「為(21.3)」 wèi ㄨㄟˋ: Preposition: because of, due to.	v6,p3997#06	p.1173#12	p.1251r6c01
			wéi ㄨㄟˊ	Same as 「為(10)」 wéi ㄨㄟˊ: Count as, be considered as.
君	口+4	𠱩𠱭	jūn ㄐㄩㄣ	The son of heaven. / The ruler of a state. / Dafu (title). / To be ruler. / To rule, to govern.	v1,p0595#06	p.177#07	p.256r6c08
之	丿+3	㞢	zhī ㄓ	Towards; go to. / Demonstrative pronoun: this, these. / Third person pronoun: him, her, it. / Auxiliary word: of. / Auxiliary word: used between subject and predicate, cancels independence of a clause. / Auxiliary word: used in a sentence for aesthetic purpose only, no meaning.	v1,p0043#01	p.82#04	p.47r2c02
治	水+5	乿	zhì ㄓˋ	Rule, administer. / Well ruled, peaceful and orderly. / Punish, execute. / Cure, treat (an illness). / Prepare. / Construct. / Research, study.	v3,p1599#06	p.614#07	p.776r5c02
不	一+3	不𠀚𠙐	bù ㄅㄨˋ	Not have. / To not be. / Negational adverb, used before verbs, adjectives, etc. to indicate negation. / Negational adverb expressing prohibition: do not. / Negational adverb expressing rhetorical question: is not...?	v1,p0011#06	p.76#15	p.30r1c01
			fǒu ㄈㄡˇ	Same as 「否(1.2)」 fǒu ㄈㄡˇ: Adverb used together with an affirmative word, expressing its negative or opposite. / Same as 「否(1.3)」 fǒu ㄈㄡˇ: Adverb used at the end of a question to form a yes-no question.
			fū ㄈㄨ	Sepal of a flower.
			pī ㄆㄧ	Same as 「丕(1)」 pī ㄆㄧ: Large.
			bǐ ㄅㄧˇ	Show disdain for.
勝	力+10	𠢧𠅫𢾶胜	shèng shēng ㄕㄥˋ ㄕㄥ	victory; excel, be better than	v3,p2090#13	p.148#31	p.197r6c02
其	八+6	丌亓	qí ㄑㄧˊ	Third-person possessive pronoun: his, her, its, their. / Demonstrative pronoun: that, those. / Adverb expressing estimation or guess. / Adverb expressing imperative. / Adverb expressing rhetorical question. / Adverb expressing future tense. / Connective expressing hypothesis: if, supposing. / Connective expressing choice: or. / Connective expressing concession: even if. / Particle used after an adjective. / Particle: of. / Particle used for emphasis after single-character adjectives or onomatopoeia. / Particle used in the middle of a sentence to alter the tempo.	v1,p0245#01	p.127#18	p.162r5c01
			jì ㄐㄧˋ	Particle used after bi and he.
			jī ㄐㄧ	Modal particle expressing interrogative tone. / A year.
臣	臣+0	𢘑	chén ㄔㄣˊ	minister, statesman, official	v4,p2801#01	p.999#13	p.1106r2c02
官	宀+5	𠕍	guān ㄍㄨㄢ	official, public servant	v2,p0921#04	p.283#15	p.413r2c01
民	氏+1	𠘽	mín ㄇㄧㄣˊ	people, subjects, citizens	v3,p2131#01	p.598#01	p.750r3c01
政	攴+4		zhèng zhēng ㄓㄥˋ ㄓㄥ	government, political affairs	v2,p1453#03	p.469#06	p.601r2c01
也	乙+2	𠃟匜	yě ㄧㄝˇ	Modal particle used at the end of a sentence, expressing assertion and affirmation. / Modal particle used at the end of a question for emphasis. / Modal particle used at the end of a cause-effect sentence to express explanation. / Modal particle used in the middle of a sentence to express a pause.	v1,p0050#05	p.84#04	p.55r1c01
樸	木+12	朴	pú pǔ ㄆㄨˊ ㄆㄨˇ	simple, honest; plain; rough	v2,p1291#04	p.551#28	p.720r1c01
是	日+5	昰𣆞	shì ㄕˋ	Straight. / Right, correct. / Believe accurate, affirm. / Demonstrative pronoun: this. / Be (copula). / Auxiliary word, used after moving forward the object.	v2,p1497#05	p.493#26	p.639r1c01
故	攴+5		gù ㄍㄨˋ	Cause. / State of affairs. / Event, incident. / Plot. / Old. / Past, original. / Death. / On purpose. / Originally. / Hence, thus.	v2,p1453#05	p.469#25	p.601r5c01
興	臼+9	㒷兴	xīng ㄒㄧㄥ	Get up, arise. / Rise up, appear. / Create. / Establish, set up. / Advocate. / Move, start moving, raise (an army). / Do. / Select, pick out. / Collect. / Flourish, prosper.	v1,p0253#09	p.1005#05	p.1113r4c01
			xìng ㄒㄧㄥˋ	Like, appreciate. / Metaphor. / One of the six literary styles in the Book of Poetry.
用	用+0	𤰆𠛁	yòng ㄩㄥˋ	use, employ, apply, operate; use	v1,p0097#05	p.755#24	p.908r6c02
多	夕+3	夛𡖇𡖈	duō ㄉㄨㄛ	much, many; more than, over	v2,p0862#02	p.246#11	p.339r4c01
力	力+0	力𠠲	lì ㄌㄧˋ	power, capability, influence	v1,p0364#04	p.146#05	p.191r4c03
而	而+0		ér ㄦˊ	Whiskers. / Like, similar to. / Pronoun: you. / Pronoun: this, like this. / Connective: and, with. / Connective: and, then. / Connective: if, supposing. / Connective: yet, however. / Connective: therefore, hence. / Connective: expresses method or state. / Particle: of. / Expressive particle.	v4,p2810#01	p.961#18	p.1080r2c03
			néng ㄋㄥˊ	Same as 「能(3)」 néng ㄋㄥˊ: Able to, competent. / Same as 「能(2.1)」 néng ㄋㄥˊ: Ability, talent.
天下	大+1 一+2	𠀡𠀘𦴞兲靝𠕹丅厥𠄟	tiān xià ㄊㄧㄢㄒㄧㄚˋ	世界。 "All under heaven", the world.	v1,p0522#01 v1,p0007#01	p.248#04 p.76#10	p.358r4c01 p.28r1c01
莫	艸+7	𦮅䒬𦱴	mò mù ㄇㄛˋ ㄇㄨˋ	do not, is not, can not; negative	v5,p3217#15	p.1035#13	p.1141r3c03
能	肉+6		néng ㄋㄥˊ	A type of bear. / Ability, talent. / Man of ability, man of talent. / Able to, competent. / Comply with, be friendly towards. / Encompass, obtain. / To, arrive at. / Then, thus. / Same as 「而(4.3)」 ér ㄦˊ: Connective: if, supposing. / Only, merely. / Even if. / Thus, in this way. / Three-legged turtle.	v3,p2074#01	p.981#16	p.1095r5c02
			nài ㄋㄞˋ	Withstand, endure.
			tái ㄊㄞˊ	Same as 「台(1.1)」 tái ㄊㄞˊ: Name of a celestial body.
			tài ㄊㄞˋ	State, form.
犯	犬+2	𤝑𢒿	fàn ㄈㄢˋ	commit crime, violate; criminal	v2,p1331#08	p.706#02	p.873r3c02
出	凵+3	岀	chū ㄔㄨ	Go out, exit. / Outside, without. / Take up a post. / Exile, banish. / Abandon (one's wife). / Free, release. / Give out, hand over. / Give, offer. / Send out, distribute. / Exceed. / Appear, emerge. / Create, make. / Produce, cause to grow. / Bear, give birth. / Origin, place of birth. / Part of an object which extends outwards. / Measure word: times, occurrences. / Measure word: section.	v1,p0307#08	p.135#11	p.172r1c01
取	又+6		qǔ ㄑㄩˇ	Cut off (the ears). / Catch, capture. / Take, exact. / Gain, take possession of. / Incur. / Achieve an easy victory. / Defeat in battle, conquer. / Extract from, come out of. / Take, choose, pick out. / Select, appoint. / Take a wife. / Adverb: expresses range, scope: merely.	v1,p0395#01	p.166#04	p.236r3c01
按	手+6	搵	àn ㄢˋ	put hand on, press down with hand	v3,p1876#01	p.429#26	p.574r5c01
攻	攴+3		gōng ㄍㄨㄥ	attack, assault; criticize	v2,p1449#06	p.468#16	p.600r1c01
富	宀+9	冨	fù ㄈㄨˋ	abundant, ample; rich, wealthy	v2,p0942#04	p.288#27	p.425r1c07
朝	月+8	晁	zhāo ㄓㄠ	Morning. / Beginning.	v3,p2084#08	p.506#03	p.661r1c01
			cháo ㄔㄠˊ	Meet in court. / Call the ministers to court. / Court, place where ministers meet with the ruler. / Visit, go to see. / Meet together, gather.
廷	廴+4		tíng ㄊㄧㄥˊ	court	v1,p0403#11	p.353#02	p.496r5c01
吏	口+3	吏	lì ㄌㄧˋ	government official, magistrate	v1,p0018#03	p.176#02	p.255r5c01
少	小+1		shǎo shào ㄕㄠˇ ㄕㄠˋ	few, less, inadequate	v1,p0561#02	p.296#20	p.442r4c01
毀	殳+9	𢾌𣪷毁	huǐ huì ㄏㄨㄟˇ ㄏㄨㄟˋ	destroy, ruin, injure; slander	v3,p2162#04	p.586#12	p.744r4c01
損	手+10	扻损	sǔn ㄙㄨㄣˇ	diminish; impair; injure	v3,p1931#10	p.446#06	p.587r1c02
效	攴+6	効	xiào ㄒㄧㄠˋ	result, effect; effectiveness	v2,p1457#11	p.470#21	p.602r3c03
功	力+3		gōng ㄍㄨㄥ	achievement, merit, good result	v1,p0365#08	p.146#11	p.192r3c03
爵	爪+14	𥥼𩰧𣡫𠙘	jué ㄐㄩㄝˊ	feudal title or rank	v3,p2037#06	p.689#29
雖	隹+9	𨾡虽	suī ㄙㄨㄟ	Type of insect. / Even, though, even if. / Only.	v6,p4103#05	p.1368#22	p.1440r6c01
辯	辛+14	𧦪𧦬辨辩	biàn ㄅㄧㄢˋ	Rule, govern. / Correct, amend. / Clever. / Argue, dispute. / Cunning words. / Eloquence. / Same as 「辨(1)」 biàn ㄅㄧㄢˋ: Separate, distinguish. / Same as 「變(1)」 biàn ㄅㄧㄢˋ: Change, alteration. / Same as 「遍(1)」 biàn ㄅㄧㄢˋ: Universal, general.	v6,p4045#01	p.1252#14	p.1310r4c01
言	言+0	訁𢍗𢍬	yán ㄧㄢˊ	Speak, say. / Discuss, debate. / Tell. / Doctrine, theory, words. / One word. / Sentence. / Particle, no meaning.	v6,p3936#01	p.1146#01	p.1236r5c03
得	彳+8	𢔶䙷𢔨	dé ㄉㄜˊ	Get, obtain. / Plunder. / Covet. / Success. / Fitting, appropriate. / Compatible. / Satisfied, pleased. / Possible, can. / Same as 「德(1)」 dé ㄉㄜˊ: Morals, morality. / Same as 「德(3)」 dé ㄉㄜˊ: Reward kindness, thank.	v2,p0828#03	p.367#31	p.513r6c02
以	人+3	㠯	yǐ ㄧˇ	Use. / Believe. / Command. / Lead. / Connect, implicate. / Have. / Cause, reason. / Preposition: because. / Preposition: from, in. / Preposition: at [some time]. / Preposition: using. / Preposition: in accordance with. / Preposition: relying upon. / Preposition: in the capacity of. / Preposition: with, together with. / Connective: indicates the following action is the objective of the preceding one. / Connective: used between adverbial clause and verb to express modification. / Connective: and. / Connective: but. / Connective: and so, thus. / Particle: used together with some words expressing direction and time. / Modal particle. / Same as 「已(1)」 yǐ ㄧˇ: Stop, discontinue. / Same as 「已(7.2)」 yǐ ㄧˇ: Adverb: already. / Same as 「已(7.3)」 yǐ ㄧˇ: Adverb: extremely.	v1,p0105#07	p.94#01	p.87r6c01
相	目+4		xiāng ㄒㄧㄤ	Mutual. / In succession. / Together.	v4,p2470#13	p.800#18	p.945r1c01
			xiàng ㄒㄧㄤˋ	Watch. / Appearance. / Fortune-telling by appearance. / Help, assist. / Guide for the blind. / Prime minister, most senior minister. / Ceremonial officer.
干	干+0	乾幹	gān gàn hán ㄍㄢㄍㄢˋ ㄏㄢˊ	oppose, offend; invade; dried	v1,p0405#05	p.339#01	p.479r6c03
數	攴+11	数	shù shǔ cù shuò ㄕㄨˋ ㄕㄨˇ ㄘㄨˋ ㄕㄨㄛˋ	number; several; count; fate	v2,p1474#01	p.475#04	p.607r4c01
一	一+0	弌壹	yī ㄧ	one; a, an; alone	v1,p0001#01	p.75#01	p.1r1c01
亡	亠+1	亾兦	wáng wú ㄨㄤˊ ㄨˊ	death, destroyed; lose, perish	v1,p0279#05	p.88#03	p.75r6c04
百	白+1	佰𦣻	bǎi bó mò ㄅㄞˇ ㄅㄛˊ ㄇㄛˋ	one hundred; numerous, many	v4,p2643#01	p.785#04	p.932r4c01
好	女+3	𡥆𡚽𩐔	hǎo ㄏㄠˇ	Attractive appearance. / Wonderful, beautiful. / Healthy, fit. / Excellent. / Harmonious. / Complete. / In order to. / Adverb: very. / Adverb: many or long.	v2,p1028#01	p.255#11	p.378r1c03
			hào ㄏㄠˋ	Like, find pleasing. / Hole in a piece of jade or a coin..
難	隹+11	𩁢𩁬𩀙𩁣𩁲𩁩𩀏𩁤难	nán ㄋㄢˊ	Difficult, not easy. / Make difficult, think difficult.	v6,p4108#05	p.1370#05	p.1446r3c01
			nàn ㄋㄢˋ	Disaster. / Blame. / Censure, reject. / Resent. / Hate. / Doctrine, thesis.
			nǎn ㄋㄢˇ	Fear.
			nuó ㄋㄨㄛˊ	Luxuriant. / Ceremony to banish sprits thought responsible for contagion. / How, why.
易	日+4	易	yì ㄧˋ	change; easy	v2,p1494#01	p.492#03	p.633r6c01

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