Chinese Text Project | |
Simplified Chinese version |
哀公使人吊蒉尚, | Duke Ai sent a message of condolence to Kuai Shang, |
遇诸道。 | and the messenger met him (on the way to the grave). |
辟于路, | They withdrew to the way-side, |
画宫而受吊焉。 | where Kuai drew the figure of his house, (with the coffin in it), and there received the condolences. |
曾子曰: | Zeng-zi said, |
“蒉尚不如杞梁之妻之知礼也。 | Kuai Shang's knowledge of the rules of ceremony was not equal to that of the wife of Qi Liang. |
齐庄公袭莒于夺, | When duke Zhuang fell on Ju by surprise at Thui, |
杞梁死焉, | Qi Liang met his death. |
其妻迎其柩于路而哭之哀, | His wife met his bier on the way, and wailed for him bitterly. |
庄公使人吊之, | Duke Zhuang sent a person to convey his condolences to her; |
对曰: | but she said, |
‘君之臣不免于罪, | 'If his lordship's officer had been guilty of any offence, |
则将肆诸市朝, | then his body should have been exposed in the court or the market-place, |
而妻妾执; | and his wife and concubines apprehended. |
君之臣免于罪, | If he were not chargeable with any offence, |
则有先人之敝庐在。 | there is the poor cottage of his father. |
君无所辱命。’” | This is not the place where the ruler should demean himself to send me a message.' |
Character | Composition | Variants | Reading | Meaning | Hanyu | Kangxi | Cihai |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
哀公 | 口+6 八+2 | 㒶 | āi gōng ㄞ ㄍㄨㄥ | Same as “鲁哀公” lǔ āi gōng ㄌㄨˇ ㄞ ㄍㄨㄥ: 姓名:姬将,在位前494-前468。 Duke Ai of Lu (ruled 494 BC-468 BC) | v1,p0620#10 v1,p0242#01 | p.188#11 p.126#28 | p.270r4c01 p.151r3c01 |
使 | 人+6 | 𡥐 𠭆 | shǐ ㄕˇ | Order, send (on a mission). / Cause, make. / Allocate, use. / Indulge in.. / Send as an envoy. / Envoy, messenger. / Connective: if, supposing. | v1,p0145#02 | p.101#05 | p.101r3c03 |
人 | 人+0 | 𠔽 亻 | rén ㄖㄣˊ | Man, person. / Others, other people. / The people, ordinary men. / Talent, material. / [A man's] character. / Affairs of men, world of man. / Benevolence. | v1,p0101#10 | p.91#01 | p.80r2c01 |
吊 | 口+3 | 吊 | diào ㄉㄧㄠˋ | condole, mourn, pity; hang | v1,p0579#01 | p.175#03 | p.256r6c05 |
蒉尚 | 草+12 小+5 | 𤆂 篑 籄 蒉 尙 | kuì shàng ㄎㄨㄟˋ ㄕㄤˋ | [人名] [Name of a person] | v5,p3291#01 v1,p0563#05 | p.1058#28 p.297#11 | p.1168r1c02 |
遇 | 辵+9 | 𠓱 | yù ㄩˋ | meet, come across, encounter | v6,p3857#16 | p.1261#07 | p.1324r4c01 |
诸 | 言+9 | 𢒕 诸 | zhū ㄓㄨ | The many, every. / Third person pronoun: him, her, it. / Contraction of "之于": "It in". / Contraction of "之乎": "Is it?" / Modal particle. | v6,p3982#03 | p.1172#04 | |
道 | 辵+9 | 𨕥 衟 𡬹 | dào ㄉㄠˋ | Road, path. / Journey. / Method. / Law, reason. / Doctrine, claim. / Skill, technique. / Principle, right way. / The Dao, the origin of all things in Daoism. / Speak, talk. / Take a course of action. / Take a course of action. / Rites paid to the spirit of roads. / Ancient administrative unit. / Daoism. | v6,p3864#01 | p.1262#06 | p.1326r3c02 |
dǎo ㄉㄠˇ | Lead. / Flow smoothly. | ||||||
辟 | 辛+6 | 避 𠈳 𠊸 | pì pī bì mǐ ㄆㄧˋ ㄆㄧ ㄅㄧˋ ㄇㄧˇ | law, rule; open up, develop | v6,p4037#08 | p.1251#06 | p.1309r1c02 |
于 | 方+4 | 乌 𣱏 𤕘 于 亏 扵 | yú ㄩˊ | Be (copula). / Be, exist. / Preposition: in. / Preposition: from or to. / Preposition: compared to. / Preposition: to, for, towards. / Preposition: by (indicating passive tense). / Preposition: with, using. / Preposition: due to, because of. / Preposition: by, according to. / Connective: just as. / Auxiliary word, no meaning. | v3,p2175#02 | p.481#11 | p.622r2c03 |
路 | 足+6 | 路 | lù luò ㄌㄨˋ ㄌㄨㄛˋ | road, path, street; journey | v6,p3704#06 | p.1225#22 | p.1289r6c04 |
画 | 田+7 | 画 𤱪 𨽶 𤲯 畵 划 | huà ㄏㄨㄚˋ | delineate, painting, picture, drawing; draw | v4,p2544#02 | p.763#08 | p.915r1c01 |
宫 | 宀+7 | 宫 | gōng ㄍㄨㄥ | palace, temple, dwelling, enclose | v2,p0936#04 | p.285#16 | p.418r5c04 |
而 | 而+0 | ér ㄦˊ | Whiskers. / Like, similar to. / Pronoun: you. / Pronoun: this, like this. / Connective: and, with. / Connective: and, then. / Connective: if, supposing. / Connective: yet, however. / Connective: therefore, hence. / Connective: expresses method or state. / Particle: of. / Expressive particle. | v4,p2810#01 | p.961#18 | p.1080r2c03 | |
néng ㄋㄥˊ | Same as “能(3)” néng ㄋㄥˊ: Able to, competent. / Same as “能(2.1)” néng ㄋㄥˊ: Ability, talent. | ||||||
受 | 又+6 | 𠭧 | shòu ㄕㄡˋ | receive, accept, get; bear, stand | v1,p0396#02 | p.166#05 | p.236r5c01 |
焉 | 火+7 | yān ㄧㄢ | Same as “之(2)” zhī ㄓ: Demonstrative pronoun: this, these. / Same as “之(3)” zhī ㄓ: Third person pronoun: him, her, it. / Demonstrative pronoun and modal particle: than this. / Interrogative pronoun: how, where. / Interrogative pronoun: what. / Connective: and, then. / Preposition: in. / Modal particle. / Adjectival or adverbal suffix. | v3,p2206#14 | p.672#21 | p.847r5c01 | |
曾子 | 曰+8 子+0 | 曽 㜽 𢀈 𢀉 𡐫 𣕓 只 | zēng zǐ ㄗㄥ ㄗˇ | Same as “曾参” zēng shēn ㄗㄥ ㄕㄣ: 姓曾,名参(shēn),字子舆,孔子的学生。 Zeng Shen, a student of Confucius. | v2,p1521#03 v2,p1006#06 | p.503#03 p.277#01 | p.653r1c01 p.395r1c01 |
曰 | 曰+0 | yuē ㄩㄝ | (1) 说。 Say, speak. | v2,p1482#02 | p.502#01 | p.648r3c03 | |
不 | 一+3 | 不 𠀚 𠙐 | bù ㄅㄨˋ | Not have. / To not be. / Negational adverb, used before verbs, adjectives, etc. to indicate negation. / Negational adverb expressing prohibition: do not. / Negational adverb expressing rhetorical question: is not...? | v1,p0011#06 | p.76#15 | p.30r1c01 |
fǒu ㄈㄡˇ | Same as “否(1.2)” fǒu ㄈㄡˇ: Adverb used together with an affirmative word, expressing its negative or opposite. / Same as “否(1.3)” fǒu ㄈㄡˇ: Adverb used at the end of a question to form a yes-no question. | ||||||
fū ㄈㄨ | Sepal of a flower. | ||||||
pī ㄆㄧ | Same as “丕(1)” pī ㄆㄧ: Large. | ||||||
bǐ ㄅㄧˇ | Show disdain for. | ||||||
如 | 女+3 | rú ㄖㄨˊ | Go to. / According to, in accordance with. / Like, similar to. / As good as, comparable to. / Should. / Or, alternatively. / If, should it be the case. / As for, as regards. / Adjectival suffix. | v2,p1025#09 | p.255#21 | p.378r5c02 | |
杞梁 | 木+3 木+7 | 梁 𣹷 渿 梁 | qǐ liáng ㄑㄧˇ ㄌㄧㄤˊ | [人名] [Name of a person] | v2,p1162#03 v2,p1220#05 | p.512#11 p.528#01 | p.697r5c01 |
之 | 丿+3 | 㞢 | zhī ㄓ | Towards; go to. / Demonstrative pronoun: this, these. / Third person pronoun: him, her, it. / Auxiliary word: of. / Auxiliary word: used between subject and predicate, cancels independence of a clause. / Auxiliary word: used in a sentence for aesthetic purpose only, no meaning. | v1,p0043#01 | p.82#04 | p.47r2c02 |
妻 | 女+5 | 𡜌 𡜈 | qī qì ㄑㄧ ㄑㄧˋ | wife | v2,p1036#02 | p.257#30 | p.380r6c01 |
知 | 矢+3 | 𢇻 𥎿 | zhī ㄓ | Know, understand. / Perception. / Recognize. / Knowledge. / Know about, make sense of. / Be friendly with. / Control, get on top of. | v4,p2581#02 | p.824#01 | p.955r5c02 |
zhì ㄓˋ | Wisdom. | ||||||
礼 | 示+13 | 禮 礼 𠃞 𤔑 礼 | lǐ ㄌㄧˇ | social custom; manners; courtesy; rites | v4,p2409#14 | p.847#07 | p.985r2c04 |
也 | 乙+2 | 𠃟 匜 | yě ㄧㄝˇ | Modal particle used at the end of a sentence, expressing assertion and affirmation. / Modal particle used at the end of a question for emphasis. / Modal particle used at the end of a cause-effect sentence to express explanation. / Modal particle used in the middle of a sentence to express a pause. | v1,p0050#05 | p.84#04 | p.55r1c01 |
齐庄公 | 齐+0 草+7 八+2 | 亝 斉 斋 斋 齐 荘 㽵 𤖄 𤖈 𦻊 𠗎 𤕶 庄 㒶 | qí zhuāng gōng ㄑㄧˊ ㄓㄨㄤ ㄍㄨㄥ | Same as “齐后庄公” qí hòu zhuāng gōng ㄑㄧˊ ㄏㄡˋ ㄓㄨㄤ ㄍㄨㄥ: 姓名:姜光,在位前553-前548。 Duke Zhuang of Qi (the second) (ruled 553 BC-548 BC) | v7,p4783#01 v5,p3226#05 v1,p0242#01 | p.1531#06 p.1033#22 p.126#28 | p.1569r4c01 p.1140r1c01 p.151r3c01 |
袭 | 衣+16 | 㦻 𧟛 褶 袭 | xí ㄒㄧˊ | raid, attack; inherit | v5,p3121#02 | p.1127#06 | p.1221r3c04 |
莒 | 草+7 | jǔ ㄐㄩˇ | hemp-like plant; taro; herb | v5,p3204#03 | p.1034#03 | p.1140r4c02 | |
于 | 二+1 | 扵 于 | yú ㄩˊ | Go to, go towards. / Take. / Rim of the mouth of a bell. / A type of plant. / [Onomatopoeia] / Same as “于(3.1)” yú ㄩˊ: Preposition: in. / Same as “于(3.2)” yú ㄩˊ: Preposition: from or to. / Same as “于(3.3)” yú ㄩˊ: Preposition: compared to. / Same as “于(3.4)” yú ㄩˊ: Preposition: to, for, towards. / Same as “于(3.5)” yú ㄩˊ: Preposition: by (indicating passive tense). / Same as “于(3.6)” yú ㄩˊ: Preposition: with, using. / Same as “于(3.7)” yú ㄩˊ: Preposition: due to, because of. / Same as “于(3.8)” yú ㄩˊ: Preposition: by, according to. / Preposition: for, in place of. / Connective: and. / Auxiliary word: used in a sentence for aesthetic purpose only, no meaning. / Auxiliary word: used in at the end of a sentence to express questioning. | v1,p0004#05 | p.86#06 | p.63r3c02 |
夺 | 大+11 | 𡙸 𡜎 夺 | duó ㄉㄨㄛˊ | take by force, rob, snatch | v1,p0547#14 | p.253#25 | p.375r3c01 |
死 | 歹+2 | 𠑾 𣥴 | sǐ ㄙˇ | die; dead; death | v2,p1380#06 | p.578#22 | p.740r6c06 |
其 | 八+6 | 丌 亓 | qí ㄑㄧˊ | Third-person possessive pronoun: his, her, its, their. / Demonstrative pronoun: that, those. / Adverb expressing estimation or guess. / Adverb expressing imperative. / Adverb expressing rhetorical question. / Adverb expressing future tense. / Connective expressing hypothesis: if, supposing. / Connective expressing choice: or. / Connective expressing concession: even if. / Particle used after an adjective. / Particle: of. / Particle used for emphasis after single-character adjectives or onomatopoeia. / Particle used in the middle of a sentence to alter the tempo. | v1,p0245#01 | p.127#18 | p.162r5c01 |
jì ㄐㄧˋ | Particle used after bi and he. | ||||||
jī ㄐㄧ | Modal particle expressing interrogative tone. / A year. | ||||||
迎 | 辵+4 | yíng yìng ㄧㄥˊ ㄧㄥˋ | receive, welcome, greet | v6,p3821#09 | p.1254#03 | p.1312r5c01 | |
柩 | 木+5 | 柾 | jiù ㄐㄧㄡˋ | coffin which contains corpse | v2,p1180#07 | p.520#14 | p.687r6c02 |
哭 | 口+7 | kū ㄎㄨ | weep, cry, wail | v1,p0629#02 | p.190#25 | p.276r1c03 | |
哀 | 口+6 | āi ㄞ | sad, mournful, pitiful; pity | v1,p0620#10 | p.188#11 | p.270r4c01 | |
庄 | 草+7 | 荘 㽵 𤖄 𤖈 𦻊 𠗎 𤕶 庄 | zhuāng ㄓㄨㄤ | village, hamlet; villa; surname | v5,p3226#05 | p.1033#22 | p.1140r1c01 |
公 | 八+2 | 㒶 | gōng ㄍㄨㄥ | fair, equitable; public; duke | v1,p0242#01 | p.126#28 | p.151r3c01 |
对 | 寸+11 | 对 | duì ㄉㄨㄟˋ | (1.1) 答,回答。 Reply, answer. | v1,p0511#09 | p.296#07 | p.536r3c02 |
君 | 口+4 | 𠱩 𠱭 | jūn ㄐㄩㄣ | The son of heaven. / The ruler of a state. / Dafu (title). / To be ruler. / To rule, to govern. | v1,p0595#06 | p.177#07 | p.256r6c08 |
臣 | 臣+0 | 𢘑 | chén ㄔㄣˊ | minister, statesman, official | v4,p2801#01 | p.999#13 | p.1106r2c02 |
免 | 儿+5 | miǎn ㄇㄧㄢˇ | Avoid, prevent. / Pardon, release. / Take off, remove. / Quit, retire from office. / Labour, delivery, give birth. / Encourage. | v1,p0270#09 | p.124#23 | p.139r1c01 | |
wèn ㄨㄣˋ | Mourning ritual in which one takes off one's cap and bind one's hair with hemp. | ||||||
fǔ ㄈㄨˇ | Lean, bend over. | ||||||
罪 | 网+8 | 辠 𡈚 | zuì ㄗㄨㄟˋ | crime, sin, vice; evil; hardship | v4,p2920#07 | p.948#13 | p.1065r2c06 |
则 | 刀+7 | 𠟻 𠟭 𠞋 𠟔 则 | zé ㄗㄜˊ | Method, rule. / Mimic, emulate. / Level, grade. / Adverb used to emphasize an assertion. / Adverb used to express scope: only. / Connective expressing continuation: then, and then. / Connective emphasizing comparison. / Connective expressing contrast. / Connective expressing allowance: yet, even so. / Connective expressing unexpected turn of events. / Connective expressing suppostion: if. | v1,p0340#06 | p.139#31 | p.183r5c05 |
将 | 寸+8 | 𤕭 𢪇 将 畺 | jiāng ㄐㄧㄤ | Take. / Use. / Push forward. / Drive. / Help, support. / Help financially. / Advance, go forward. / Carry out, execute. / Follow. / Comply, submit. / Do, carry out. / Accompany, see off. / Transmit. / Express. / Offer (as a sacrifice). / Look after, raise. / Protect. / Strong, robust. / Long time. / Carry, lead. / Side, beside. / Will, about to. / Close to, almost. / How? / Preposition: with. / Connective: and, with. / Connective: or, otherwise. / Connective: if, supposing. / Particle used after a verb. / A kind of insect. | v4,p2375#10 | p.294#16 | p.434r1c03 |
jiàng ㄐㄧㄤˋ | Command troops. / Military commander. / Appoint as military commander. | ||||||
qiāng ㄑㄧㄤ | Please, humbly request. / [Onomatopoeia] | ||||||
zāng ㄗㄤ | Female sheep. | ||||||
肆 | 聿+7 | 四 𦘨 𢑨 | sì tì ㄙˋ ㄊㄧˋ | indulge; excess; numeral four; particle meaning now, therefore; shop | v5,p3167#04 | p.971#15 | p.1087r6c01 |
市 | 巾+2 | shì ㄕˋ | market, fair; city, town; trade | v1,p0729#05 | p.328#03 | p.470r4c03 | |
朝 | 月+8 | 晁 | zhāo ㄓㄠ | Morning. / Beginning. | v3,p2084#08 | p.506#03 | p.661r1c01 |
cháo ㄔㄠˊ | Meet in court. / Call the ministers to court. / Court, place where ministers meet with the ruler. / Visit, go to see. / Meet together, gather. | ||||||
妾 | 女+5 | qiè ㄑㄧㄝˋ | concubine | v2,p1040#08 | p.257#39 | p.380r6c02 | |
执 | 土+8 | 执 𠌷 | zhí ㄓˊ | hold in hand; keep; carry out | v1,p0457#05 | p.231#09 | p.321r1c02 |
有 | 月+2 | | yǒu ㄧㄡˇ | Have, possess. / Store, collect. / Occupy. / Hold on to, retain. / Have in abundance. / Good harvest. / Obtain. / Only. / Be, exist. / Occur, happen. / Make. / Particle used before a noun with no meaning. / Particle used before a monosyllabic adjective with no meaning. / Particle used before a verb with no meaning. / Still, yet. / Some people. / Region. | v3,p2041#05 | p.504#20 | p.656r5c01 |
yòu ㄧㄡˋ | Help, assist. / Same as “又(3)” yòu ㄧㄡˋ: Moreover. | ||||||
先 | 儿+4 | xiān ㄒㄧㄢ | first, former, previous | v1,p0267#02 | p.124#05 | p.134r3c02 | |
敝 | 攴+8 | bì ㄅㄧˋ | break, destroy; broken, tattered | v2,p1461#04 | p.472#11 | p.605r2c04 | |
庐 | 广+16 | 廬 𡳬 庐 | lú ㄌㄨˊ | hut, cottage; name of a mountain | v2,p0907#19 | p.352#05 | p.495r4c01 |
在 | 土+3 | zài ㄗㄞˋ | Exist, be alive. / Be in a certain place. / Inquire after, pay one's respects to. / Preposition: due to, being that. / Preposition: specifies location or time of an action - in, at. | v1,p0418#07 | p.223#10 | p.312r2c07 | |
无 | 火+8 | 𣟒 𣚨 𠘩 无 无 | wú ㄨˊ | Not have. / Philosophical category referring to absence, non-existence, or vacuity. / Adverb expressing negation: not. / Adverb expressing questioning: or not. / Connective: regardless of. / Connective: even if. / Particle used at the beginning of a sentence, no meaning. / Do not. / Barren, uncultivated. | v3,p2211#15 | p.673#26 | p.848r2c04 |
所 | 户+4 | 𢨷 | suǒ ㄙㄨㄛˇ | Place. / Location. / A suitable place or location. / Measure word, used for counting buldings. / Used before a verb, creates a noun-like phrase. / If. Mainly used in oaths and curses. / Used together with 为 to indicate the passive tense. / Indicates an approximate number. / Number, number of times. / Meaning. | v3,p2259#01 | p.415#16 | p.556r1c01 |
辱 | 辰+3 | 𢟲 | rǔ rù ㄖㄨˇ ㄖㄨˋ | humiliate, insult, abuse | v6,p3607#01 | p.1252#21 | p.1311r1c01 |
命 | 口+5 | mìng ㄇㄧㄥˋ | Order, command. / Written order, commandment. / Send (on a mission), dispatch. / A (diplomatic) mission. / Force, make do. / Instruct, tell. / Gift given by a ruler to his ministers by rank. / Will of heaven. / Fate. / Life, lifespan. / Call, name, assign a name to. / Know for certain. | v1,p0604#11 | p.183#18 | p.266r6c01 |
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