Chinese Text Project Dictionary

Confucianism -> Yangzi Fayan -> Foreknowledge -> 6

或問「民所勤」。	Someone asked about what troubles the people.
曰：「民有三勤。」	Yangzi said: The people have three troubles.
曰：「何哉所謂三勤？」	The other said: What are these three troubles?
曰：	Yangzi said:
「政善而吏惡，	When the rules of government is good but the officials are bad,
一勤也；	this is the first trouble.
吏善而政惡，	When the officials are good but the rules of government is bad,
二勤也；	this is the second trouble.
政、吏駢惡，	When the rules of government and officials are both bad,
三勤也。	this is the third trouble.
禽獸食人之食，	When the birds and beasts eat people's food,
土木衣人之帛。	when buildings are adorned with the silk that ought to be used for clothing,
谷人不足於晝，絲人不足於夜之謂惡政。」	when farmers and weavers work day and night and it is still not sufficient—this is called bad government.

Character	Composition	Variants	Reading	Meaning	Hanyu	Kangxi	Cihai
或	戈+4	𢈿	huò ㄏㄨㄛˋ	(1) 代詞：代人或事物：有的，有人。 Pronoun: some, someone, something.	v2,p1402#08	p.412#18	p.552r5c01
問	口+8	𠳅问	wèn ㄨㄣˋ	Ask, inquire. / Investigate, look into. / Inquire after, give regards to. / Interrogate, question. / Visit (another states). / Research, investigate. / Give, present with. / Tell. / Sound. / Same as 「聞(7)」 wèn ㄨㄣˋ: Reputation, fame.	v7,p4284#03	p.195#10	p.279r3c03
民	氏+1	𠘽	mín ㄇㄧㄣˊ	people, subjects, citizens	v3,p2131#01	p.598#01	p.750r3c01
所	戶+4	𢨷	suǒ ㄙㄨㄛˇ	Place. / Location. / A suitable place or location. / Measure word, used for counting buldings. / Used before a verb, creates a noun-like phrase. / If. Mainly used in oaths and curses. / Used together with 為 to indicate the passive tense. / Indicates an approximate number. / Number, number of times. / Meaning.	v3,p2259#01	p.415#16	p.556r1c01
勤	力+11	懃瘽	qín ㄑㄧㄣˊ	industrious, diligent, attentive	v1,p0378#03	p.149#06	p.199r3c02
曰	曰+0		yuē ㄩㄝ	(1) 說。 Say, speak.	v2,p1482#02	p.502#01	p.648r3c03
有	月+2		yǒu ㄧㄡˇ	Have, possess. / Store, collect. / Occupy. / Hold on to, retain. / Have in abundance. / Good harvest. / Obtain. / Only. / Be, exist. / Occur, happen. / Make. / Particle used before a noun with no meaning. / Particle used before a monosyllabic adjective with no meaning. / Particle used before a verb with no meaning. / Still, yet. / Some people. / Region.	v3,p2041#05	p.504#20	p.656r5c01
			yòu ㄧㄡˋ	Help, assist. / Same as 「又(3)」 yòu ㄧㄡˋ: Moreover.
三	一+2	叁弎	sān sàn ㄙㄢㄙㄢˋ	three	v1,p0004#03	p.76#05	p.11r2c01
何	人+5		hé ㄏㄜˊ	Ask, enquire. / What. / Who, which one. / How, in what way. / Why, for what reason. / Where, in what place. / How much, to what extent.	v1,p0130#04	p.98#15	p.97r2c04
			hē ㄏㄜ	Criticize, condemn.
			hè ㄏㄜˋ	Carry on one's back. / Bear, carry a burden.
哉	口+6	才	zāi ㄗㄞ	Begin, start. / Modal particle expressing exclamation. / Modal particle expressing questioning or a rhetorical question.	v1,p0611#07	p.189#08	p.270r2c01
謂	言+9	谓	wèi ㄨㄟˋ	To (when speaking to someone). / Say, speak. / Call, name. / Meaning, what is meant. / Discuss, comment on (a person). / How? / Same as 「為(21.3)」 wèi ㄨㄟˋ: Preposition: because of, due to.	v6,p3997#06	p.1173#12	p.1251r6c01
			wéi ㄨㄟˊ	Same as 「為(10)」 wéi ㄨㄟˊ: Count as, be considered as.
政	攴+4		zhèng zhēng ㄓㄥˋ ㄓㄥ	government, political affairs	v2,p1453#03	p.469#06	p.601r2c01
善	口+9	譱𦎍𠾄𧮟	shàn ㄕㄢˋ	Good. / Take to be good, like. / Good person. / Strong point, merit. / Perfect. / Gentle, kind. / Friendly. / Good at doing. / Improve, make good. / Control, regulate. / Food.	v1,p0660#02	p.197#18	p.282r3c04
而	而+0		ér ㄦˊ	Whiskers. / Like, similar to. / Pronoun: you. / Pronoun: this, like this. / Connective: and, with. / Connective: and, then. / Connective: if, supposing. / Connective: yet, however. / Connective: therefore, hence. / Connective: expresses method or state. / Particle: of. / Expressive particle.	v4,p2810#01	p.961#18	p.1080r2c03
			néng ㄋㄥˊ	Same as 「能(3)」 néng ㄋㄥˊ: Able to, competent. / Same as 「能(2.1)」 néng ㄋㄥˊ: Ability, talent.
吏	口+3	吏	lì ㄌㄧˋ	government official, magistrate	v1,p0018#03	p.176#02	p.255r5c01
惡	心+8	惡亞僫恶	è ㄜˋ	Evil. / Bad, not good. / Bad person. / Harm. / Vicious. / Turgid, fierce. / Ugly. / A poor harvest. / Disease, illness. / Uncomfortable, unhappy. / Dirt. / Excrement.	v4,p2307#12	p.391#25	p.535r4c01
			wù ㄨˋ	Hate. / Shame. / Avoid. / Slander, attack.
			wū ㄨ	Interrogative pronoun: how, what. / Exclamation.
一	一+0	弌壹	yī ㄧ	one; a, an; alone	v1,p0001#01	p.75#01	p.1r1c01
也	乙+2	𠃟匜	yě ㄧㄝˇ	Modal particle used at the end of a sentence, expressing assertion and affirmation. / Modal particle used at the end of a question for emphasis. / Modal particle used at the end of a cause-effect sentence to express explanation. / Modal particle used in the middle of a sentence to express a pause.	v1,p0050#05	p.84#04	p.55r1c01
二	二+0	贰弍貳	èr ㄦˋ	two; twice	v1,p0002#01	p.86#01	p.58r6c01
駢	馬+6	騈骈	pián ㄆㄧㄢˊ	team of horses; associate, join	v7,p4555#07	p.1437#15
禽	禸+8	𢄕	qín ㄑㄧㄣˊ	birds, fowl; surname;; capture	v1,p0199#04	p.848#13	p.986r5c03
獸	犬+15	兽	shòu ㄕㄡˋ	beast, animal; bestial	v2,p1375#05	p.721#03	p.881r2c01
食	食+0	饣𩚁飠𩚃餐	shí sì yì ㄕˊ ㄙˋ ㄧˋ	eat; meal; food; KangXi radical number 184	v7,p4440#01	p.1415#29	p.1489r2c03
人	人+0	𠔽亻	rén ㄖㄣˊ	Man, person. / Others, other people. / The people, ordinary men. / Talent, material. / [A man's] character. / Affairs of men, world of man. / Benevolence.	v1,p0101#10	p.91#01	p.80r2c01
之	丿+3	㞢	zhī ㄓ	Towards; go to. / Demonstrative pronoun: this, these. / Third person pronoun: him, her, it. / Auxiliary word: of. / Auxiliary word: used between subject and predicate, cancels independence of a clause. / Auxiliary word: used in a sentence for aesthetic purpose only, no meaning.	v1,p0043#01	p.82#04	p.47r2c02
土	土+0		tǔ ㄊㄨˇ	soil, earth; items made of earth	v1,p0415#01	p.223#01	p.309r5c03
木	木+0		mù ㄇㄨˋ	tree; wood, lumber; wooden	v2,p1149#06	p.509#01	p.662r5c05
衣	衣+0	衤	yī yì ㄧㄧˋ	clothes, clothing; cover, skin	v5,p3074#01	p.1111#01	p.1208r5c01
帛	巾+5		bó ㄅㄛˊ	silks, fabrics; wealth, property	v1,p0734#06	p.330#07	p.474r5c04
谷	谷+0	穀	gǔ ㄍㄨˇ	Valley, gorge. / Bewildered, at a loss.	v6,p3902#01	p.1189#01	p.1259r6c04
			lù ㄌㄨˋ	See "谷蠡".
不	一+3	不𠀚𠙐	bù ㄅㄨˋ	Not have. / To not be. / Negational adverb, used before verbs, adjectives, etc. to indicate negation. / Negational adverb expressing prohibition: do not. / Negational adverb expressing rhetorical question: is not...?	v1,p0011#06	p.76#15	p.30r1c01
			fǒu ㄈㄡˇ	Same as 「否(1.2)」 fǒu ㄈㄡˇ: Adverb used together with an affirmative word, expressing its negative or opposite. / Same as 「否(1.3)」 fǒu ㄈㄡˇ: Adverb used at the end of a question to form a yes-no question.
			fū ㄈㄨ	Sepal of a flower.
			pī ㄆㄧ	Same as 「丕(1)」 pī ㄆㄧ: Large.
			bǐ ㄅㄧˇ	Show disdain for.
足	足+0	疋𤴕	zú jù ㄗㄨˊ ㄐㄩˋ	foot; attain, satisfy, enough	v6,p3686#01	p.1221#17	p.1287r6c03
於	方+4	烏𣱏𤕘于亏扵	yú ㄩˊ	Be (copula). / Be, exist. / Preposition: in. / Preposition: from or to. / Preposition: compared to. / Preposition: to, for, towards. / Preposition: by (indicating passive tense). / Preposition: with, using. / Preposition: due to, because of. / Preposition: by, according to. / Connective: just as. / Auxiliary word, no meaning.	v3,p2175#02	p.481#11	p.622r2c03
晝	日+7	昼	zhòu ㄓㄡˋ	daytime, daylight	v2,p1515#02	p.495#43	p.641r4c03
絲	糸+6	纟丝	sī ㄙ	silk; fine thread; wire; strings	v5,p3401#01	p.924#03	p.1044r2c01
夜	夕+5	亱𡖍𠙑𠙇	yè ㄧㄝˋ	night, dark; in night; by night	v1,p0285#01	p.246#18	p.341r4c01

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