不 |
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bù ㄅㄨˋ (1): 无,没有。 Not have.
《·》: | 子曰:“不仁者不可以久处约,不可以长处乐。” | The Master said, "Those who are without virtue cannot abide long either in a condition of poverty and hardship, or in a condition of enjoyment." | 《·》: | 终风且曀、不日有曀。 | The wind blew, and the sky was cloudy; Before a day elapses, it is cloudy again. |
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bù ㄅㄨˋ (2): 非,不是。 To not be.
《·》: | 故曰:苟不至德,至道不凝焉。 | Hence it is said, "Only by perfect virtue can the perfect path, in all its courses, be made a fact." |
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bù ㄅㄨˋ (3.1): 否定副词:用于动词、形容词等前面,表示否定。 Negational adverb, used before verbs, adjectives, etc. to indicate negation.
《·》: | 间,不及旁也。 | Jian (intervening/in between) is not extending to the sides. | 《·》: | 人不知而不愠,不亦君子乎? | Is he not a man of complete virtue, who feels no discomposure though men may take no note of him? | 《·》: | 王曰:“叟不远千里而来,亦将有以利吾国乎?” | The king said, 'Venerable sir, since you have not counted it far to come here, a distance of a thousand li, may I presume that you are provided with counsels to profit my kingdom?' | 《·》: | 鲲之大,不知其几千里也。 | I do not know how many li in size. | 《·》: | 尧曰:“共工善言,其用僻,似恭漫天,不可。” | Yao said, 'The minister of works is talkative; if he is employed, his depravities, although he is apparently respectful, would overspread the heavens, he will not do.' | 《·》: | 敖不可长,欲不可从,志不可满,乐不可极。 | Pride should not be allowed to grow; the desires should not be indulged; the will should not be gratified to the full; pleasure should not be carried to excess. |
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bù ㄅㄨˋ (3.2): 否定副词:表示禁止,相当于“勿”、“不要”。 Negational adverb expressing prohibition: do not.
《·》: | 有诸己不非诸人,无诸己不求诸人。 | Having it in oneself one do not oppose it in others; lacking it in oneself one do not seek it of others. | 《·》: | 子曰:“不患人之不己知,患不知人也。” | The Master said, "I will not be afflicted at men's not knowing me; I will be afflicted that I do not know men." | 《·》: | 孟子曰:“吾固愿见,今吾尚病,病愈,我且往见,夷子不来!” | Mencius said, 'I indeed wish to see him, but at present I am still unwell. When I am better, I will myself go and see him. He need not come here again.' |
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bù ㄅㄨˋ (3.3): 否定副词:表示反问,常与“乎”相呼应。 Negational adverb expressing rhetorical question: is not...?
《·》: | 则惟上帝鬼神降之罪厉之祸罚而弃之,则岂不亦乃其所哉! | Therefore God and spirits will send judgement upon them and visit them with calamities and punish and desert them. Is not this quite in place? | 《·》: | 子曰:“学而时习之,不亦说乎?” | The Master said, "Is it not pleasant to learn with a constant perseverance and application?" | 《·》: | 民以为小,不亦宜乎? | And was it not with reason that they looked on it as small? | 《·》: | 而彭祖乃今以久特闻,众人匹之,不亦悲乎! | And Peng Zu is the one man renowned to the present day for his length of life: if all men were (to wish) to match him, would they not be miserable? | 《·》: | 今人而无礼,虽能言,不亦禽兽之心乎? | Here now is a man who observes no rules of propriety; is not his heart that of a beast? | 《·》: | 处非道之位,被众口之谮,溺于当世之言,而欲当严天子而求安,几不亦难哉 |
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fǒu ㄈㄡˇ (4.1): 通“” fǒu ㄈㄡˇ: 副詞:和肯定詞對用時,表示否定的一面。 Adverb used together with an affirmative word, expressing its negative or opposite.
《·》: | 问其故,曰:“宦三年,未知母之存不,愿遗母。” |
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fǒu ㄈㄡˇ (4.2): 通“” fǒu ㄈㄡˇ: 副詞:用於疑問句末,構成是非問句。 Adverb used at the end of a question to form a yes-no question.
《》: | 秦始皇尝使使者遗君王后玉连环,曰:“齐多知,而解此环不?” |
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fū ㄈㄨ (5): 通“柎”,花萼。 Sepal of a flower.
《·》: | 常棣之华、鄂不韡韡。 | The flowers of the cherry tree - Are they not gorgeously displayed? | 《·》: | 鄂不韡韡,言韡韡也。 |
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pī ㄆㄧ (6): 通“” pī ㄆㄧ: 大。 Large.
《·》: | 《》云:“不显不承,无斁于人斯” | Affording an illustration of what is said in the ode - 'Glory and honour follow Wen's great name, And ne'er will men be weary of his fame.' | 《·》: | 不显不承、无射于人斯。 | Distinguished is he and honoured, And will never be wearied of among men. |
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bǐ ㄅㄧˇ (7): 通“鄙”:鄙视,不敬重。 Show disdain for.
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不谷 |
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bù gǔ ㄅㄨˋ ㄍㄨˇ : “不善”:古代君王自称的谦辞。 Modest way of referring to oneself used by rulers.
《·》: | 于内自称曰不谷,于外自称曰王老。 | In his own territories each one calls himself. 'the unworthy one;' outside them, 'the king's ancient.' | 《》: | 是以侯王自称孤、寡、不谷。 | Hence princes and kings call themselves 'Orphans,' 'Men of small virtue,' and as 'Carriages without a nave.' | 《·》: | 共王驾而自往,入其幄中,闻酒臭而还,曰:“今日之战,不谷亲伤,所恃者司马也。” | 《·》: | 雁门之北,北狄不谷食,贱长贵壮,俗尚气力。 | 《·》: | 王曰:“虽然,何以报不谷?” | 《·》: | 庄王曰:‘不谷谋事而当,群臣莫能逮,是以忧也。’ |
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