| 中國哲學書電子化計劃 |
| 膚 U+819A |  說文小篆 |  金文 |  楚系簡帛 | 肤 簡體字 |
| 部首: | 肉+ 11筆 = 共15筆. |
|---|---|
| 字典出處: | 宋本廣韻: 頁79第35 康熙字典: 頁992第28 辭海: 卷1頁1025第04 GSR: 第69.g 漢語大字典: 卷3頁2107第05 |
| 表面結構: | 左上：虍，右下：胃。 Component of: 𫻖 𬉜 𦢚 𧀴 𤮣 𬬚 𬮗 |
| 國語發音: | fū ㄈㄨ |
| 粵語發音: | fu1 |
| 唐代發音: | *bio |
| 宋本廣韻: | 《廣韻·上平聲·虞·跗》膚：皮膚又美也，傅也。 |
| 康熙字典: | 《康熙字典·肉部·十一》膚：《廣韻》甫無切《集韻》《韻會》風無切《正韻》方無切，𠀤音跗。《說文》籀文作臚。《玉篇》皮也。《廣韻》皮膚。《釋名》膚，布也，布在表也。《詩·衞風》膚如凝脂。《易·噬嗑》六二噬膚。《註》膚者，柔脆之物也。又豕肉爲膚。《儀禮·聘禮》膚鮮魚鮮腊。《註》膚，豕肉也。又切肉爲膚。《禮·內則》脯羹，兔醢，麋膚。《註》膚，切肉也。又《博雅》美也。《詩·豳風》公孫碩膚。《傳》膚，美也。又《博雅》傳也。《又》離也。《又》剝也。又大也。《詩·小雅》以奏膚公。《傳》膚，大也。又《韻會》膚淺，喻在皮膚，不深也。又《正韻》四指爲膚。《公羊傳·僖三十一年》膚寸而合。《註》側手爲膚。又膚受。《論語》膚受之愬。《書·盤庚》今汝聒聒起信險膚。《傳》起信險僞膚受之言也。又地名。《前漢·郊祀志》凡四祠于膚施。《註》膚施，上郡之縣也。又人名。《前漢·古今人表》陽膚。又《集韻》凌如切，音臚。義同。又《韻補》叶音浮。《易林》范子妙材，戮辱傷膚。後相秦國，封爲應侯。 |
| 反切: | 甫無 (《廣韻·上平聲·虞·跗》) |
| 英文翻譯: | skin; superficial, shallow |
原典出處
| 《論語·顏淵》: | 子曰：「浸潤之譖，膚受之愬，不行焉。」 |
| The Master said, "He with whom neither slander that gradually soaks into the mind, nor statements that startle like a wound in the flesh, are successful." | |
| 《孟子·告子下》: | 故天將降大任於是人也，必先苦其心志，勞其筋骨，餓其體膚，空乏其身，行拂亂其所為，所以動心忍性，曾益其所不能。 |
| Thus, when Heaven is about to confer a great office on any man, it first exercises his mind with suffering, and his sinews and bones with toil. It exposes his body to hunger, and subjects him to extreme poverty. It confounds his undertakings. By all these methods it stimulates his mind, hardens his nature, and supplies his incompetencies. | |
| 《禮記·深衣》: | 短毋見膚，長毋被土。 |
| It was not made so short as to show any of the skin, nor so long as to touch the ground. | |
| 《孝經·開宗明義》: | 身體髮膚，受之父母，不敢毀傷，孝之始也。 |
| Our bodies - to every hair and bit of skin - are received by us from our parents, and we must not presume to injure or wound them. This is the beginning of filial piety. | |
| 《揚子法言》: | 張騫、蘇武之奉使也，執節沒身，不屈王命，雖古之膚使，其猶劣諸。 |
| Zhang Qian and Su Wu were admirable envoys. They maintained their integrity, were unconcerned with death and never abandoned their ruler's commands. Even the praiseworthy envoys of the ancients were inferior to them. | |
| 《墨子·修身》: | 暢之四支，接之肌膚，華髮隳顛1，而猶弗舍者，其唯聖人乎！ |
| When one pursues such a way until it pervades his four limbs and permeates his flesh and skin, and until he becomes white-haired and bald-headed without ceasing, one is truly a sage. | |
| 《莊子·逍遙遊》: | 曰：「藐姑射之山，有神人居焉，肌膚若冰雪，淖約若處子，不食五穀，吸風飲露。」 |
| And the other replied, (He said) that 'Far away on the hill of Gu Ye there dwelt a Spirit-like man whose flesh and skin were (smooth) as ice and (white) as snow; that his manner was elegant and delicate as that of a virgin; that he did not eat any of the five grains, but inhaled the wind and drank the dew.' | |
| 《商君書·算地》: | 其上世之士，衣不煖膚，食不滿腸，苦其志意，勞其四肢，傷其五臟，而益裕廣耳，非性之常，而為之者，名也。 |
| Above these are the scholars of the world; their clothes do not warm their skins, their food does not fill their stomachs, they travail their thoughts, fatigue their four limbs and suffer in their five internal organs, and yet they go on increasing their activity. This is not prompted by the eternal principles of human nature, but for the sake of fame. | |
| 《詩經·碩人》: | 膚如凝脂。 |
| Her skin was like congealed ointment. | |
| 《尚書·盤庚上》: | 今汝聒聒，起信險膚，予弗知乃所訟。 |
| Now, (however), you keep clamouring, and get the confidence (of the people) by alarming and shallow speeches; I do not know what you are wrangling about. | |
| 《荀子·性惡》: | 若夫目好色，耳好聽，口好味，心好利，骨體膚理好愉佚，是皆生於人之情性者也。 |
| 《說苑·辨物》: | 雲觸石而出，膚寸而合，不崇朝而雨天下，施德博大，故視三公也。 |
| 《春秋繁露·玉杯》: | 《春秋》不譏其前，而顧譏其後，必以三年之喪，肌膚之情也。 |
| 《韓詩外傳·卷一》: | 言不務多，務審所行而已，行既已尊之，言既已由之，若肌膚性命之不可易也。 |
| 《大戴禮記》: | 知既知之，行既由之，言既順之，若夫性命肌膚之不可易也，富貴不足以益，貧賤不足以損。 |
| 《白虎通德論·嫁娶》: | 女二十，肌膚充盛，任為人母。 |
| 《新書·孽產子》: | 飢寒切於民之肌膚，欲其無為姦邪盜賊，不可得也。 |
| 《新序·節士》: | 鮑焦衣弊膚見，挈畚將蔬，遇子貢將於道。 |
| 《中論·夭壽》: | 身體髮膚，受之父母，不敢毀傷。 |
| 《孔子家語·禮運》: | 所以講信脩睦，而固人之肌膚之會、筋骸之束也。 |
| 《潛夫論·述赦》: | 是故先王之制刑法也，非好傷人肌膚，斷人壽命者也，乃以威姦懲惡除民害也 |
| 《論衡·無形》: | 人生至老，身變者、髮與膚也。 |
| 《太玄經·親》: | 初一，親非其膚，其志齟齬。 |
| 《風俗通義》: | 萬物之宗，陰陽交代，、觸石而出，膚寸而合，不崇朝徧雨天下，唯泰山乎？ |
| 《孔叢子·廣訓》: | 公孫碩膚，徳音不瑕道，成王大美聲，稱遠也。 |
| 《申鑒·政體》: | 天道在爾，惟帝茂止，陟降膚止，萬國康止。 |
| 《蔡中郎集》: | 觸石膚合，興播連雲。 |
| 《列子·天瑞》: | 皮膚爪髮，隨世隨落，非嬰孩時有停而不易也。 |
| 《鶡冠子·世賢》: | 若扁鵲者，鑱血脈，投毒藥，副肌膚，閒而名出聞於諸侯。 |
| 《文子·守清》: | 老子曰：人受氣於天者，耳目之於聲色也，鼻口之於芳臭也，肌膚之於寒溫也，其情一也，或以死，或以生，或為君子，或為小人，所以為制者異。 |
| 《列仙傳·文賓》: | 教令服菊花、地膚、桑上寄生、松子，取以益氣 |
| 《韓非子·喻老》: | 居十日，扁鵲復見曰：「君之病在肌膚，不治將益深。」 |
| 《慎子·逸文》: | 斬人肢體，鑿其肌膚，謂之刑。 |
| 《管子·內業》: | 和於形容，見於膚色。 |
| 《司馬法·嚴位》: | 服膚輕，服美重。 |
| 《淮南子·墬形訓》: | 中央四達，風氣之所通，雨露之所會也，其人大面短頤，美須惡肥，竅通於口，膚肉屬焉，黃色主胃，慧聖而好治。 |
| 《呂氏春秋·達鬱》: | 肌膚欲其比也，血脈欲其通也，筋骨欲其固也，心志欲其和也，精氣欲其行也，若此則病無所居而惡無由生矣。 |
| 《鄧析子·佚文》: | 桀紂無道，肌膚二尺。 |
| 《史記·孝文本紀》: | 夫刑至斷支體，刻肌膚，終身不息，何其楚痛而不德也，豈稱為民父母之意哉！ |
| 《國語·齊語》: | 脫衣就功，首戴茅蒲，身衣襏襫，沾體途足，暴其發膚，盡其四支之敏，以從事于田野。 |
| 《晏子春秋》: | 景公之嬖妾嬰子死，公守之，三日不食，膚著于席不去。 |
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