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中国哲学书电子化计划
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儒家 -> 礼记 -> 文王世子 -> 13

君之于世子也，亲则父也，尊则君也。有父之亲，有君之尊，然后兼天下而有之。是故，养世子不可不慎也。行一物而三善皆得者，唯世子而已。其齿于学之谓也。故世子齿于学，国人观之曰：“将君我而与我齿让何也？”曰：“有父在则礼然，然而众知父子之道矣。”其二曰：“将君我而与我齿让何也？”曰：“有君在则礼然，然而众著于君臣之义也。”其三曰：“将君我而与我齿让何也？”曰：“长长也，然而众知长幼之节矣。”故父在斯为子，君在斯谓之臣，居子与臣之节，所以尊君亲亲也。故学之为父子焉，学之为君臣焉，学之为长幼焉，父子、君臣、长幼之道得，而国治。语曰：“乐正司业，父师司成，一有元良，万国以贞。”世子之谓也。周公践阼。Take the case of the sovereign and his son and heir. Looked at from the standpoint of affection, the former is father; from that of honour, he is ruler. If the son can give the affection due to the father, and the honour due to the ruler, hereafter he 'will (be fit to) be the lord of all under the sky. On this account the training of crown princes ought to be most carefully attended to. It is only in the case of the crown prince that by the doing of one thing three excellent things are realised; and it is with reference to his taking his place in the schools according to his age that this is spoken. Thus it is that when he takes his place in them in this way, the people observing it, one will say, 'He is to be our ruler, how is it that he gives place to us in the matter of years?' and it will be replied, 'While his father is alive, it is the rule that he should do so.' Thus all will understand the right course as between father and son. A second will make the same remark, and put the same question; and it will be replied, 'While the ruler is alive, it is the rule that he should do so;' and thus all will understand the righteousness that should obtain between ruler and minister. To a third putting the same question it will be said, 'He is giving to his elders what is due to their age;' and thus all will understand the observances that should rule between young and old. Therefore, while his father is alive, he is but a son; and, while his ruler is alive, he may be called merely a minister. Occupying aright the position of son and Minister is the way in which he shows the honour due to a ruler and the affection due to a father. He is thus taught the duties between father and son, between ruler and minister, between old and young; and when he has become master of all these, the state will be well governed. The saying, 'Music's Director the foundation lays; The Master this doth to perfection raise. Let him but once the great and good be taught, And all the states are to correctness brought,' finds its application in the case of the heir-son. So much for the duke of Zhou's going up by the eastern steps.

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