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中國哲學書電子化計劃
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儒家 -> 孟子 -> 梁惠王下 -> 11.3

「昔者齊景公問於晏子曰：'Formerly, the duke Jing of Qi asked the minister Yan, saying,
『吾欲觀於轉附、朝儛，"I wish to pay a visit of inspection to Zhuan Fu, and Chao Wu,
遵海而南， and then to bend my course southward along the shore,
放于琅邪。 till I come to Lang Xie.
吾何脩而可以比於先王觀也？』 What shall I do that my tour may be fit to be compared with the visits of inspection made by the ancient sovereigns?"
晏子對曰： The minister Yan replied,
『善哉問也！ "An excellent inquiry!
天子適諸侯曰巡狩，When the Son of Heaven visited the princes, it was called a tour of inspection,
巡狩者巡所守也；that is, be surveyed the States under their care.
諸侯朝於天子曰述職，When the princes attended at the court of the Son of Heaven, it was called a report of office,
述職者述所職也。that is, they reported their administration of their offices.
無非事者。Thus, neither of the proceedings was without a purpose.
春省耕而補不足，And moreover, in the spring they examined the ploughing, and supplied any deficiency of seed;
秋省斂而助不給。in the autumn they examined the reaping, and supplied any deficiency of yield.
夏諺曰： There is the saying of the Xia dynasty
「吾王不遊，- If our king do not take his ramble,
吾何以休？ what will become of our happiness?
吾王不豫， If our king do not make his excursion,
吾何以助？ what will become of our help?
一遊一豫，That ramble, and that excursion,
為諸侯度。」 were a pattern to the princes.
今也不然：Now, the state of things is different.
師行而糧食，A host marches in attendance on the ruler, and stores of provisions are consumed.
飢者弗食， The hungry are deprived of their food,
勞者弗息。 and there is no rest for those who are called to toil.
睊睊胥讒， Maledictions are uttered by one to another with eyes askance,
民乃作慝。 and the people proceed to the commission of wickedness.
方命虐民，Thus the royal ordinances are violated, and the people are oppressed,
飲食若流。 and the supplies of food and drink flow away like water.
流連荒亡，為諸侯憂。The rulers yield themselves to the current, or they urge their way against it; they are wild; they are utterly lost - these things proceed to the grief of the inferior princes.
從流下而忘反謂之流，Descending along with the current, and forgetting to return, is what I call yielding to it.
從流上而忘反謂之連，Pressing up against it, and forgetting to return, is what I call urging their way against it.
從獸無厭謂之荒， Pursuing the chase without satiety is what I call being wild.
樂酒無厭謂之亡。 Delighting in wine without satiety is what I call being lost.
先王無流連之樂，荒亡之行。The ancient sovereigns had no pleasures to which they gave themselves as on the flowing stream; no doings which might be so characterized as wild and lost.
惟君所行也。』It is for you, my prince, to pursue your course."
景公說， The duke Ching was pleased.
大戒於國， He issued a proclamation throughout his State,
出舍於郊。 and went out and occupied a shed in the borders.
於是始興發補不足。 From that time he began to open his granaries to supply the wants of the people,
召大師曰：and calling the Grand music-master, he said to him
『為我作君臣相說之樂！』 "Make for me music to suit a prince and his minister pleased with each other."
蓋徵招角招是也。 And it was then that the Zheng Zhao and Jiao Zhao were made,
其詩曰： in the words to which it was said,
『畜君何尤？』 "Is it a fault to restrain one's prince?"
畜君者，好君也。He who restrains his prince loves his prince.

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