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中国哲学书电子化计划
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儒家 -> 孟子 -> 梁惠王下 -> 11.3

“昔者齐景公问于晏子曰：'Formerly, the duke Jing of Qi asked the minister Yan, saying,
‘吾欲观于转附、朝儛，"I wish to pay a visit of inspection to Zhuan Fu, and Chao Wu,
遵海而南， and then to bend my course southward along the shore,
放于琅邪。 till I come to Lang Xie.
吾何修而可以比于先王观也？’ What shall I do that my tour may be fit to be compared with the visits of inspection made by the ancient sovereigns?"
晏子对曰： The minister Yan replied,
‘善哉问也！ "An excellent inquiry!
天子适诸侯曰巡狩，When the Son of Heaven visited the princes, it was called a tour of inspection,
巡狩者巡所守也；that is, be surveyed the States under their care.
诸侯朝于天子曰述职，When the princes attended at the court of the Son of Heaven, it was called a report of office,
述职者述所职也。that is, they reported their administration of their offices.
无非事者。Thus, neither of the proceedings was without a purpose.
春省耕而补不足，And moreover, in the spring they examined the ploughing, and supplied any deficiency of seed;
秋省敛而助不给。in the autumn they examined the reaping, and supplied any deficiency of yield.
夏谚曰： There is the saying of the Xia dynasty
“吾王不游，- If our king do not take his ramble,
吾何以休？ what will become of our happiness?
吾王不豫， If our king do not make his excursion,
吾何以助？ what will become of our help?
一游一豫，That ramble, and that excursion,
为诸侯度。” were a pattern to the princes.
今也不然：Now, the state of things is different.
师行而粮食，A host marches in attendance on the ruler, and stores of provisions are consumed.
饥者弗食， The hungry are deprived of their food,
劳者弗息。 and there is no rest for those who are called to toil.
睊睊胥谗， Maledictions are uttered by one to another with eyes askance,
民乃作慝。 and the people proceed to the commission of wickedness.
方命虐民，Thus the royal ordinances are violated, and the people are oppressed,
饮食若流。 and the supplies of food and drink flow away like water.
流连荒亡，为诸侯忧。The rulers yield themselves to the current, or they urge their way against it; they are wild; they are utterly lost - these things proceed to the grief of the inferior princes.
从流下而忘反谓之流，Descending along with the current, and forgetting to return, is what I call yielding to it.
从流上而忘反谓之连，Pressing up against it, and forgetting to return, is what I call urging their way against it.
从兽无厌谓之荒， Pursuing the chase without satiety is what I call being wild.
乐酒无厌谓之亡。 Delighting in wine without satiety is what I call being lost.
先王无流连之乐，荒亡之行。The ancient sovereigns had no pleasures to which they gave themselves as on the flowing stream; no doings which might be so characterized as wild and lost.
惟君所行也。’It is for you, my prince, to pursue your course."
景公说， The duke Ching was pleased.
大戒于国， He issued a proclamation throughout his State,
出舍于郊。 and went out and occupied a shed in the borders.
于是始兴发补不足。 From that time he began to open his granaries to supply the wants of the people,
召大师曰：and calling the Grand music-master, he said to him
‘为我作君臣相说之乐！’ "Make for me music to suit a prince and his minister pleased with each other."
盖徵招角招是也。 And it was then that the Zheng Zhao and Jiao Zhao were made,
其诗曰： in the words to which it was said,
‘畜君何尤？’ "Is it a fault to restrain one's prince?"
畜君者，好君也。He who restrains his prince loves his prince.

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