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中國哲學書電子化計劃
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儒家 -> 孟子 -> 滕文公上 -> 4.14

「當堯之時，'In the time of Yao,
天下猶未平， when the world had not yet been perfectly reduced to order,
洪水橫流，the vast waters, flowing out of their channels,
氾濫於天下。 made a universal inundation.
草木暢茂， Vegetation was luxuriant,
禽獸繁殖， and birds and beasts swarmed.
五穀不登， The various kinds of grain could not be grown.
禽獸偪人。 The birds and beasts pressed upon men.
獸蹄鳥跡之道，The paths marked by the feet of beasts and prints of birds
交於中國。 crossed one another throughout the Middle Kingdom.
堯獨憂之， To Yao alone this caused anxious sorrow.
舉舜而敷治焉。He raised Shun to office, and measures to regulate the disorder were set forth.
舜使益掌火， Shun committed to Yi the direction of the fire to be employed,
益烈山澤而焚之，and Yi set fire to, and consumed, the forests and vegetation on the mountains and in the marshes,
禽獸逃匿。 so that the birds and beasts fled away to hide themselves.
禹疏九河， Yu separated the nine streams,
瀹濟漯， cleared the courses of the Ji and Ta,
而注諸海； and led them all to the sea.
決汝漢， He opened a vent also for the Ru and Han,
排淮泗， and regulated the course of the Huai and Si,
而注之江， so that they all flowed into the Jiang.
然後中國可得而食也。When this was done, it became possible for the people of the Middle Kingdom to cultivate the ground and get food for themselves.
當是時也， During that time,
禹八年於外， Yu was eight years away from his home,
三過其門而不入，and though he thrice passed the door of it, he did not enter.
雖欲耕， Although he had wished to cultivate the ground,
得乎？ could he have done so?
后稷教民稼穡。 The Minister of Agriculture taught the people to sow and reap,
樹藝五穀， cultivating the five kinds of grain.
五穀熟而民人育。When the five kinds of grain were brought to maturity, the people all obtained a subsistence.
人之有道也， But men possess a moral nature;
飽食、煖衣、逸居而無教，and if they are well fed, warmly clad, and comfortably lodged, without being taught at the same time,
則近於禽獸。 they become almost like the beasts.
聖人有憂之， This was a subject of anxious solicitude to the sage Shun,
使契為司徒， and he appointed Xie to be the Minister of Instruction,
教以人倫： to teach the relations of humanity:
父子有親，how, between father and son, there should be affection;
君臣有義，between sovereign and minister, righteousness;
夫婦有別，between husband and wife, attention to their separate functions;
長幼有序，between old and young, a proper order;
朋友有信。and between friends, fidelity.
放勳曰： The high meritorious sovereign said to him,
『勞之來之，"Encourage them; lead them on;
匡之直之，rectify them; straighten them;
輔之翼之，help them; give them wings
使自得之， - thus causing them to become possessors of themselves.
又從而振德之。』Then follow this up by stimulating them, and conferring benefits on them."
聖人之憂民如此， When the sages were exercising their solicitude for the people in this way,
而暇耕乎？ had they leisure to cultivate the ground?

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