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中國哲學書電子化計劃
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儒家 -> 孟子 -> 告子上 -> 10.1

孟子曰：Mencius said,
「魚，我所欲也； 'I like fish,
熊掌，亦我所欲也， and I also like bear's paws.
二者不可得兼， If I cannot have the two together,
舍魚而取熊掌者也。I will let the fish go, and take the bear's paws.
生，亦我所欲也；So, I like life,
義，亦我所欲也， and I also like righteousness.
二者不可得兼， If I cannot keep the two together,
舍生而取義者也。I will let life go, and choose righteousness.
生亦我所欲， I like life indeed,
所欲有甚於生者， but there is that which I like more than life,
故不為苟得也；and therefore, I will not seek to possess it by any improper ways.
死亦我所惡， I dislike death indeed,
所惡有甚於死者， but there is that which I dislike more than death,
故患有所不辟也。 and therefore there are occasions when I will not avoid danger.
如使人之所欲莫甚於生， If among the things which man likes there were nothing which he liked more than life,
則凡可以得生者，何不用也？ why should he not use every means by which he could preserve it?
使人之所惡莫甚於死者， If among the things which man dislikes there were nothing which he disliked more than death,
則凡可以辟患者，何不為也？ why should he not do everything by which he could avoid danger?
由是則生而有不用也，There are cases when men by a certain course might preserve life, and they do not employ it;
由是則可以辟患而有不為也。when by certain things they might avoid danger, and they will not do them.
是故所欲有甚於生者，Therefore, men have that which they like more than life,
所惡有甚於死者， and that which they dislike more than death.
非獨賢者有是心也， They are not men of distinguished talents and virtue only who have this mental nature.
人皆有之， All men have it;
賢者能勿喪耳。 what belongs to such men is simply that they do not lose it.
一簞食，Here are a small basket of rice
一豆羹， and a platter of soup,
得之則生， and the case is one in which the getting them will preserve life,
弗得則死。 and the want of them will be death;
嘑爾而與之， if they are offered with an insulting voice,
行道之人弗受； even a tramper will not receive them,
蹴爾而與之， or if you first tread upon them,
乞人不屑也。 even a beggar will not stoop to take them.
萬鍾則不辨禮義而受之。And yet a man will accept of ten thousand zhong, without any consideration of propriety or righteousness.
萬鍾於我何加焉？What can the ten thousand chung add to him?
為宮室之美、妻妾之奉、所識窮乏者得我與？When he takes them, is it not that he may obtain beautiful mansions, that he may secure the services of wives and concubines, or that the poor and needy of his acquaintance may be helped by him?
鄉為身死而不受，In the former case the offered bounty was not received, though it would have saved from death,
今為宮室之美為之； and now the emolument is taken for the sake of beautiful mansions.
鄉為身死而不受， The bounty that would have preserved from death was not received,
今為妻妾之奉為之； and the emolument is taken to get the service of wives and concubines.
鄉為身死而不受， The bounty that would have saved from death was not received,
今為所識窮乏者得我而為之， and the emolument is taken that one's poor and needy acquaintance may be helped by him.
是亦不可以已乎？ Was it then not possible likewise to decline this?
此之謂失其本心。This is a case of what is called "Losing the proper nature of one's mind."

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